Generalized Ellipsometry Measurements of Crystalline Thin Film and Bulk Tin Oxide

Several bulk and thin‐film crystals of SnO2 are grown and examined using generalized ellipsometry techniques. The bulk samples are grown using the chemical vapor transport technique and thin films of SnO2 are grown using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The bulk samples are examined using the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physica status solidi. A, Applications and materials science Vol. 219; no. 16
Main Authors: Jellison, Gerald E., Hermann, Raphaël P., Specht, Elliot D., Boatner, Lynn A., Zac Ward, T., Herklotz, Andreas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.08.2022
Subjects:
birefringence
Bulk sampling
Cross polarization
Crystal growth
Crystal structure
Crystallinity
Ellipsometry
ellipsometry modeling
generalized ellipsometry
incomplete beta function
optical functions
Oxide coatings
Pulsed laser deposition
Pulsed lasers
Rutile
Sapphire
Spectroscopy
Surface roughness
Thin films
Tin
Tin dioxide
tin oxide
Tin oxides
ISSN:1862-6300, 1862-6319
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Several bulk and thin‐film crystals of SnO2 are grown and examined using generalized ellipsometry techniques. The bulk samples are grown using the chemical vapor transport technique and thin films of SnO2 are grown using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The bulk samples are examined using the two‐modulator generalized ellipsometry microscope (2‐MGEM) at normal incidence and the spectroscopic two‐modulator generalized ellipsometer (2‐MGE). The spectroscopic optical functions of tin oxide are then obtained using the 2‐MGE from 1.46 to 6.2 eV. The material is highly birefringent, and the ordinary bandgap is less than the extraordinary band edge. 2‐MGE measurements are also made on thin‐film samples of crystalline tin oxide grown on sapphire and rutile, showing no cross polarization. Because of the complicated morphology of the tin oxide films grown on sapphire, the ellipsometry data are simulated using the Tauc–Lorentz model. Films grown on rutile had the optic axis perpendicular to the sample surface, but the film is strained, resulting in a more complicated ellipsometric spectrum. These films are modeled using the air/surface roughness/tin oxide/interface/rutile model, where the roughness and interface are modeled using the incomplete Beta function. Generalized ellipsometry measurements are used to determine the ordinary (o) and extraordinary (e) refractive index and absorption coefficients of uniaxial tin oxide (SnO2). As shown in the figure, the birefringence is large and ordinary optical absorption occurs at a lower energy then extraordinary optical absorption. These measurements are used to model the optical functions of crystalline tin oxide films.
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ISSN:1862-6300
1862-6319
DOI:10.1002/pssa.202100378