The association of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations with prostate cancer risk, frequency, and mortality: A meta‐analysis

Background A prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in...

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Published in:The Prostate Vol. 79; no. 8; pp. 880 - 895
Main Authors: Oh, Mok, Alkhushaym, Nasser, Fallatah, Saad, Althagafi, Abdulhamid, Aljadeed, Rana, Alsowaida, Yazed, Jeter, Joanne, Martin, Jennifer R., Babiker, Hani M., McBride, Ali, Abraham, Ivo
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2019
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ISSN:0270-4137, 1097-0045, 1097-0045
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Abstract Background A prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers. Methods We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age‐sex‐adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random‐effects models, in two‐sided statistical tests. Results A total of 8 cohort, 7 case‐control, 4 case‐series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier ( BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58‐2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03‐3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03‐1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64‐2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00‐3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11‐1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38‐2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers. Conclusions There is a 1.90‐fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64‐fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35‐fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high‐risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.
AbstractList A prior meta-analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers. We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age-sex-adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random-effects models, in two-sided statistical tests. A total of 8 cohort, 7 case-control, 4 case-series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier ( BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58-2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03-3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03-1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64-2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00-3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11-1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38-2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers. There is a 1.90-fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64-fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35-fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high-risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.
A prior meta-analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers.BACKGROUNDA prior meta-analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers.We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age-sex-adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random-effects models, in two-sided statistical tests.METHODSWe searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age-sex-adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random-effects models, in two-sided statistical tests.A total of 8 cohort, 7 case-control, 4 case-series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier ( BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58-2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03-3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03-1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64-2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00-3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11-1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38-2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers.RESULTSA total of 8 cohort, 7 case-control, 4 case-series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier ( BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58-2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03-3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03-1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64-2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00-3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11-1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38-2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers.There is a 1.90-fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64-fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35-fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high-risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.CONCLUSIONSThere is a 1.90-fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64-fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35-fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high-risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.
BackgroundA prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers.MethodsWe searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type (BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age‐sex‐adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random‐effects models, in two‐sided statistical tests.ResultsA total of 8 cohort, 7 case‐control, 4 case‐series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier (BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58‐2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03‐3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03‐1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64‐2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00‐3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11‐1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38‐2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers.ConclusionsThere is a 1.90‐fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64‐fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35‐fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high‐risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.
Background A prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with PCa risk and mortality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of overall BRCA mutation carriers and in subgroups to (1) estimate PCa risk in BRCA mutation carriers, (2) evaluate the frequency of BRCA mutation carriers in patients with PCa, and (3) compare cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) among BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers. Methods We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR), percentage (%), and hazard ratio (HR) were used to calculate pooled estimates for PCa risk, frequency, and survival, respectively. Subgroup analyses by mutation type ( BRCA1 or BRCA2) were conducted for the three objectives. Further subgroup analyses by study design (age‐sex‐adjusted or crude), ascertainment method (ascertained or inferred genotyping), population (Ashkenazi Jewish or general population), and survival outcomes (CSS or OS) were conducted. The associations were evaluated using random‐effects models, in two‐sided statistical tests. Results A total of 8 cohort, 7 case‐control, 4 case‐series, 28 frequency, and 11 survival studies were included. Being a BRCA mutation carrier ( BRCA1 and/or BRCA2) was associated with a significant increase in PCa risk (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.58‐2.29), with BRCA2 mutation being associated with a greater risk of PCa (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.03‐3.47) than BRCA1 (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.03‐1.76). The frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in patients with PCa was 0.9% and 2.2%, respectively. OS (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64‐2.30) and CSS (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.00‐3.45) were significantly worse among BRCA2 carriers compared to noncarriers, whereas OS (HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.11‐1.99) and CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.38‐2.96) were statistically not significant when comparing BRCA1 carriers and noncarriers. Conclusions There is a 1.90‐fold greater risk of PCa in overall BRCA mutation carriers. This elevated PCa risk is attributable mainly to a 2.64‐fold greater risk of PCa in BRCA2 carriers compared to a moderate 1.35‐fold greater risk in BRCA1 carriers. The frequency of BRCA2 mutations was higher than BRCA1 mutations among patients with PCa. BRCA2 but not BRCA1 mutations were associated with higher PCa mortality. The BRCA mutation may be a clinical factor to stratify high‐risk patients and guide clinical strategies for more effective treatments for patients with PCa.
Author Alkhushaym, Nasser
Althagafi, Abdulhamid
Jeter, Joanne
Abraham, Ivo
Babiker, Hani M.
Aljadeed, Rana
Oh, Mok
Fallatah, Saad
Alsowaida, Yazed
Martin, Jennifer R.
McBride, Ali
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mok
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6338-422X
  surname: Oh
  fullname: Oh, Mok
  organization: Center for Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomic Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Nasser
  surname: Alkhushaym
  fullname: Alkhushaym, Nasser
  organization: Royal Commission Health Services Program
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  givenname: Saad
  surname: Fallatah
  fullname: Fallatah, Saad
  organization: College of Pharmacy, Taibah University
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Abdulhamid
  surname: Althagafi
  fullname: Althagafi, Abdulhamid
  organization: College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Rana
  surname: Aljadeed
  fullname: Aljadeed, Rana
  organization: Houston Methodist Hospital
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Yazed
  surname: Alsowaida
  fullname: Alsowaida, Yazed
  organization: College of Pharmacy, University of Hail
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Joanne
  surname: Jeter
  fullname: Jeter, Joanne
  organization: College of Medicine, The Ohio State University
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Jennifer R.
  surname: Martin
  fullname: Martin, Jennifer R.
  organization: University of Arizona
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Hani M.
  surname: Babiker
  fullname: Babiker, Hani M.
  organization: College of Pharmacy, Banner University Medical Center, University of Arizona Cancer Center
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Ali
  surname: McBride
  fullname: McBride, Ali
  organization: College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Ivo
  surname: Abraham
  fullname: Abraham, Ivo
  email: abraham@pharmacy.arizona.edu
  organization: College of Medicine, University of Arizona
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30900310$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Notes Alkhushaym, Fallatah, Althaghfi, and Aljadeed have contributed equally to the study and their order of authorship was determined randomly.
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Snippet Background A prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an...
A prior meta-analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an association with...
BackgroundA prior meta‐analysis found no association between BRCA1 mutation and prostate cancer (PCa). Subsequent BRCA2 mutation studies have shown an...
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SubjectTerms BRCA1
BRCA1 protein
BRCA1 Protein - genetics
BRCA2
BRCA2 protein
BRCA2 Protein - genetics
Breast cancer
Case-Control Studies
Cohort Studies
Genes, BRCA1
Genes, BRCA2
Genotyping
Humans
Male
Meta-analysis
Mortality
Mutation
Prostate cancer
Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics
Prostatic Neoplasms - mortality
Statistical analysis
Survival
Title The association of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations with prostate cancer risk, frequency, and mortality: A meta‐analysis
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30900310
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