A DIE responsive fluorescent probe for phthalate and its application in test paper and hydrogel detection platforms

[Display omitted] •An amphiphilic BODIPY probe named BOD-Bea for the detection of DPP was reported.•Selective fluorescence turn-on recognition of DPP was presented.•The mechanism by which the probe recognized DPP was revealed.•Two instrument-free solid sensors based on BOD-Bea are fabricated to rapi...

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Vydáno v:Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy Ročník 341; s. 126403
Hlavní autoři: Li, Lu-Yu, Li, Ze-Kai, Shu, Jing, Fan, Xu-Bo, Yu, Xiao-Feng, Wang, Ming-Qi
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier B.V 15.11.2025
Témata:
BODIPY
Boron Compounds - chemistry
Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry
Fluorescent probe
Hydrogel-based sensing
Hydrogels - analysis
Hydrogels - chemistry
Limit of Detection
Phthalates
Phthalic Acids - analysis
Spectrometry, Fluorescence - methods
Test paper
Test paper
BODIPY
Hydrogel-based sensing
Phthalates
Fluorescent probe
ISSN:1386-1425, 1873-3557, 1873-3557
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Shrnutí:[Display omitted] •An amphiphilic BODIPY probe named BOD-Bea for the detection of DPP was reported.•Selective fluorescence turn-on recognition of DPP was presented.•The mechanism by which the probe recognized DPP was revealed.•Two instrument-free solid sensors based on BOD-Bea are fabricated to rapidly and sensitively monitor DPP. Phthalates, classified as priority environmental contaminants, have driven intensive methodological development for environmental monitoring due to their well-documented endocrine-disrupting effects. Despite these imperatives, the design of optical probes for phthalate detection remains challenging probably due to the lack of suitable functional groups/sensing mode. Additionally, the reported probes were applied in the form of suspensions, resulting in difficulties in separation and recovery during the practical applications. Addressing these limitations, we engineered an amphiphilic BODIPY derivative (BOD-Bea) featuring a bespoke molecular architecture that self-assembles into non-fluorescent aggregates in aqueous media. Upon dipentyl phthalate (DPP) binding, significant fluorescence and absorption enhancements were elicited through the mechanism of disaggregation-induced emission (DIE). From the titration experiments, both the fluorescence emission at 653 nm and absorption at 576 nm demonstrate linear correlations with DPP concentrations in the range of 0–26 μM. The calculated LODs were determined to be 0.11 μM for fluorescence detection and 1.24 μM for absorption measurement. Detailed binding mechanism reveals that the probe achieves specific DPP recognition through synergistic interactions: π–π stacking anchoring the benzene ring moiety and hydrophobic capturing of the alkyl chain. Finally, probe BOD-Bea has been successfully employed to quantify DPP in the real water samples with good recoveries. Meanwhile, two instrument-free solid sensors based on BOD-Bea (i.e., test paper and hydrogel) are fabricated to rapidly and sensitively monitor DPP. This strategy overcomes the disadvantages of complex and costly pre-treatment of traditional methods and provides a molecular design basis for rapid on-site detection.
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ISSN:1386-1425
1873-3557
1873-3557
DOI:10.1016/j.saa.2025.126403