Reducing Complexity by Creating Complexity: A Systems Theory Perspective on How Organizations Respond to Their Environments

Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity – for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, resear...

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Vydáno v:	Journal of management studies Ročník 54; číslo 2; s. 182 - 208
Hlavní autoři:	Schneider, Anselm, Wickert, Christopher, Marti, Emilio
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2017
Témata:	Alliances Collaboration collaborative complexity Complex systems Complexity Complexity theory Conceptual models corporate social responsibility (CSR) environmental complexity internal complexity Internet interorganizational collaboration Organization theory Organizations Social responsibility Social systems Social systems theory Studies System theory Systems theory Work environment
ISSN:	0022-2380, 1467-6486, 1467-6486
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Abstract	Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity – for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, researchers know less about how organizations create collaborative complexity collectively – for example, by establishing alliances or developing common standards. This paper uses social systems theory to explore how organizations collaborate in response to complexity and to analyse the conditions under which they create either internal or collaborative complexity (or both) to address environmental complexity. It also examines how these types of complexity feed back into environmental complexity. To illustrate our conceptual model, we use corporate social responsibility (CSR).
AbstractList	Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity – for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, researchers know less about how organizations create collaborative complexity collectively – for example, by establishing alliances or developing common standards. This paper uses social systems theory to explore how organizations collaborate in response to complexity and to analyse the conditions under which they create either internal or collaborative complexity (or both) to address environmental complexity. It also examines how these types of complexity feed back into environmental complexity. To illustrate our conceptual model, we use corporate social responsibility (CSR). Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity – for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, researchers know less about how organizations create collaborative complexity collectively – for example, by establishing alliances or developing common standards. This paper uses social systems theory to explore how organizations collaborate in response to complexity and to analyse the conditions under which they create either internal or collaborative complexity (or both) to address environmental complexity. It also examines how these types of complexity feed back into environmental complexity. To illustrate our conceptual model, we use corporate social responsibility (CSR). Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity – for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, researchers know less about how organizations create collaborative complexity collectively – for example, by establishing alliances or developing common standards. This paper uses social systems theory to explore how organizations collaborate in response to complexity and to analyse the conditions under which they create either internal or collaborative complexity (or both) to address environmental complexity. It also examines how these types of complexity feed back into environmental complexity. To illustrate our conceptual model, we use corporate social responsibility (CSR). Organizations have to cope with the complexity of their environment in order to survive. A considerable body of research has shown that organizations may respond to environmental complexity by creating internal complexity -- for example, by expanding internal structures and processes. However, researchers know less about how organizations create collaborative complexity collectively -- for example, by establishing alliances or developing common standards. This paper uses social systems theory to explore how organizations collaborate in response to complexity and to analyse the conditions under which they create either internal or collaborative complexity (or both) to address environmental complexity. It also examines how these types of complexity feed back into environmental complexity. To illustrate our conceptual model, we use corporate social responsibility (CSR). [web URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joms.12206/full]
Author	Wickert, Christopher Schneider, Anselm Marti, Emilio
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Anselm surname: Schneider fullname: Schneider, Anselm email: anselm.schneider@sbs.su.se organization: Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University – sequence: 2 givenname: Christopher surname: Wickert fullname: Wickert, Christopher organization: VU University Amsterdam – sequence: 3 givenname: Emilio surname: Marti fullname: Marti, Emilio organization: City University London
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Copyright	2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for the Advancement of Management Studies Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Mar 2017 2016. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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SubjectTerms	Alliances Collaboration collaborative complexity Complex systems Complexity Complexity theory Conceptual models corporate social responsibility (CSR) environmental complexity internal complexity Internet interorganizational collaboration Organization theory Organizations Social responsibility Social systems Social systems theory Studies System theory Systems theory Work environment
Title	Reducing Complexity by Creating Complexity: A Systems Theory Perspective on How Organizations Respond to Their Environments
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