Antimicrobial resistance characterization of Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus hirae isolated from marine coastal recreational waters in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Coastal water quality is facing increasing threats due to human activities. Their contamination by sewage discharges poses significant risks to the environment and public health. We aimed to investigate the presence of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus in beach waters. Over a 10-month period, sample...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of water and health Vol. 22; no. 9; pp. 1628 - 1640
Main Authors: Santiago, Giovanna Silva, Dropa, Milena, Martone-Rocha, Solange, dos Santos, Talita Pereira, de Moura Gomes, Vasco Tulio, Barbosa, Mikaela Renata Funada, Razzolini, Maria Tereza Pepe
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England IWA Publishing 01.09.2024
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Aquatic ecosystems
Bacteria
Bathing Beaches
Beaches
Brazil
Coastal ecosystems
Coastal waters
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Enterococcus
Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis - drug effects
Enterococcus faecalis - genetics
Enterococcus faecalis - isolation & purification
Enterococcus faecium - drug effects
Enterococcus faecium - genetics
Enterococcus faecium - isolation & purification
Enterococcus hirae - drug effects
Enterococcus hirae - genetics
Enterococcus hirae - isolation & purification
Genes
Gram-positive bacteria
Ionization
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Multidrug resistance
Nucleotide sequence
Pathogenicity
Pathogens
Proteins
Public health
Recreation
Recreational waters
Resistance mechanisms
Resistance to antibiotics
Seawater - microbiology
Sewage
Sewage disposal
Species diffusion
Species identification
Taxonomy
Water discharge
Water quality
Brazil
United States > US
Sao Paulo Brazil
recreational water
resistance genes
coastal water quality
beach water
antimicrobial resistance
ISSN:1477-8920, 1996-7829
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Summary:Coastal water quality is facing increasing threats due to human activities. Their contamination by sewage discharges poses significant risks to the environment and public health. We aimed to investigate the presence of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus in beach waters. Over a 10-month period, samples were collected from four beaches in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). Enterococcus isolates underwent matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) and molecular analysis for accurate genus and species identification. The antimicrobial susceptibility for 14 antibiotics was evaluated using the disc diffusion method followed by a multidrug-resistance (MDR) classification. PCR amplification method was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Our findings revealed the prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and E. hirae. Out of 130 isolates, 118 were resistant to multiple antibiotics. The detection of resistance genes provided evidence of the potential transfer of antibiotic resistance within the environment. Our findings underscore the necessity for continuous research and surveillance to enhance understanding of the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of Enterococcus, which is crucial to implement effective measures to preserve the integrity of coastal ecosystems.
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ISSN:1477-8920
1996-7829
DOI:10.2166/wh.2024.098