Sex chromosome turnover and biodiversity in fishes

The impact of sex chromosomes and their turnover in speciation remains a subject of ongoing debate in the field of evolutionary biology. Fishes are the largest group of vertebrates, and they exhibit unparalleled sexual plasticity, as well as diverse sex-determining (SD) genes, sex chromosomes, and s...

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Published in:Journal of genetics and genomics Vol. 51; no. 12; pp. 1351 - 1360
Main Authors: Wang, Jingrong, Tao, Wenjing, Kocher, Thomas D., Wang, Deshou
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: China Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2024
Subjects:
Animals
Biodiversity
Evolution, Molecular
Fishes - classification
Fishes - genetics
Gene mutation
Hybridization
Sex chromosome turnover
Sex Chromosomes - genetics
Sex determination
Sex Determination Processes - genetics
Speciation
Sex chromosome turnover
Hybridization
Sex determination
Gene mutation
Speciation
ISSN:1673-8527
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The impact of sex chromosomes and their turnover in speciation remains a subject of ongoing debate in the field of evolutionary biology. Fishes are the largest group of vertebrates, and they exhibit unparalleled sexual plasticity, as well as diverse sex-determining (SD) genes, sex chromosomes, and sex-determination mechanisms. This diversity is hypothesized to be associated with the frequent turnover of sex chromosomes in fishes. Although it is evident that amh and amhr2 are repeatedly and independently recruited as SD genes, their relationship with the rapid turnover of sex chromosomes and the biodiversity of fishes remains unknown. We summarize the canonical models of sex chromosome turnover and highlight the vital roles of gene mutation and hybridization with empirical evidence. We revisit Haldane's rule and the large X-effect and propose the hypothesis that sex chromosomes accelerate speciation by multiplying genotypes via hybridization. By integrating recent findings on the turnover of SD genes, sex chromosomes, and sex-determination systems in fish species, this review provides insights into the relationship between sex chromosome evolution and biodiversity in fishes.
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ISSN:1673-8527
DOI:10.1016/j.jgg.2024.08.008