Hepatitis B virus: predominance of genotype D in primitive tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar islands, India (1989-1999)

To understand the possible origin of hepatitis B virus (HBV), three of the four hyperendemic, primitive accessible tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar islands, India, were investigated. The Nicobarese tribe was investigated in 1989 and 1999. The S gene from 65 HBV isolates was amplified by PCR and seq...

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Published in:Journal of general virology Vol. 84; no. Pt 7; p. 1915
Main Authors: Arankalle, V A, Murhekar, K M, Gandhe, S S, Murhekar, M V, Ramdasi, A Y, Padbidri, V S, Sehgal, S C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.07.2003
Subjects:
African Continental Ancestry Group
Amino Acid Sequence
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Continental Population Groups
Female
Genotype
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood
Hepatitis B virus - classification
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Humans
India - epidemiology
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Oceanic Ancestry Group
Phylogeny
Prevalence
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Serotyping
India
ISSN:0022-1317
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Summary:To understand the possible origin of hepatitis B virus (HBV), three of the four hyperendemic, primitive accessible tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar islands, India, were investigated. The Nicobarese tribe was investigated in 1989 and 1999. The S gene from 65 HBV isolates was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Genotyping and serotyping were carried out on the basis of phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of S gene. All 20 Nicobarese-89 isolates, nine Onges-99 isolates and the single Andamanese-99 HBV isolate were classified as genotype D. Of the Nicobarese-99 isolates, 32 (91.4 %) and three (8.6 %) were genotypes D and A, respectively. Per cent nucleotide identity between the S sequences representing different tribes varied from 98.06 to 98.59 % and varied from mainland isolates by 1.6-2.0 %. Although southeast Asian origin is postulated for the Nicobarese tribe, the presence of different genotypes suggests introduction of HBV after migration to these islands, probably from mainland India, 200 years back, when these islands became inhabited as a part of penal settlement during the British regimen.
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ISSN:0022-1317
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.18943-0