Assessment of alternative land resource utilisation towards Net-Zero and regional revitalisation through the circulating and ecological sphere in depopulated city regions in Japan: a case study of Hachinohe City Region

The circulating and ecological sphere (CES) concept promotes a self-reliant decentralised society by utilising regional resources to achieve decarbonisation. The concept is particularly relevant to depopulated areas across Japan facing a continuous increase of underutilised agricultural land that br...

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Published in:	Sustainability science Vol. 18; no. 5; pp. 2151 - 2168
Main Authors:	Sato, Haruno, Mitra, Bijon Kumer, Dasgupta, Rajarshi, Hashimoto, Shizuka
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Tokyo Springer Japan 01.09.2023 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Agricultural land Agriculture agrivoltaic systems Agrivoltaics Alternative energy sources Carbon neutrality Case studies Cities Climate change Climate Change Management and Policy Decarbonization Earth and Environmental Science electricity Environment Environmental Economics Environmental Management Fisheries food availability Food supply issues and policy Japan Land resources Land use land use change Landscape Ecology Local communities Net zero Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaics Population decline Public Health Regional development Regions Renewable energy renewable energy sources Renewable resources Rural areas Society solar collectors Solar energy Special Feature: Just and Sustainable Transitions in Net-Zero Asia Special Feature: Original Article stakeholders Sustainability Sustainable Development Transmission lines Urban areas Urban regeneration Japan Alternative land use Hachinohe City Region Circulating and ecological sphere Revitalisation Depopulation Net-Zero
ISSN:	1862-4065, 1862-4057
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Abstract	The circulating and ecological sphere (CES) concept promotes a self-reliant decentralised society by utilising regional resources to achieve decarbonisation. The concept is particularly relevant to depopulated areas across Japan facing a continuous increase of underutilised agricultural land that brings environmental, social and economic challenges. This study recognises such land as a locally available resource to be re-utilised under the CES framework and mitigate issues in a depopulating community. Using the case of the Hachinohe City Region in Japan, this paper explores alternative land-use scenarios and identifies policy interventions to implement a desirable scenario that would contribute to the localisation of Net-Zero and regional revitalisation. The scenarios developed based on land-use change analysis, policy reviews and stakeholder interviews were: (1) an energy-dominant scenario (installing a photovoltaic system) and (2) an agriculture–energy combination scenario (installing an agrivoltaic system). The analysis shows that under both scenarios, Hachinohe City Region can achieve 100% renewable energy. There are other benefits, including job creation and, in the case of the agriculture-solar scenario, contribution to domestic food supply resiliency. The study recommends three policy interventions: (1) collaboration amongst the members of the city region to achieve its own carbon–neutral electricity supply; (2) investment for areas without transmission lines to fully benefit from their regional resources; and (3) support for local initiatives where local communities co-manage the resources and co-benefit from them. Based on the results, the paper further highlights the potential of the CES approach to deliver just transition from a spatial perspective.
AbstractList	The circulating and ecological sphere (CES) concept promotes a self-reliant decentralised society by utilising regional resources to achieve decarbonisation. The concept is particularly relevant to depopulated areas across Japan facing a continuous increase of underutilised agricultural land that brings environmental, social and economic challenges. This study recognises such land as a locally available resource to be re-utilised under the CES framework and mitigate issues in a depopulating community. Using the case of the Hachinohe City Region in Japan, this paper explores alternative land-use scenarios and identifies policy interventions to implement a desirable scenario that would contribute to the localisation of Net-Zero and regional revitalisation. The scenarios developed based on land-use change analysis, policy reviews and stakeholder interviews were: (1) an energy-dominant scenario (installing a photovoltaic system) and (2) an agriculture–energy combination scenario (installing an agrivoltaic system). The analysis shows that under both scenarios, Hachinohe City Region can achieve 100% renewable energy. There are other benefits, including job creation and, in the case of the agriculture-solar scenario, contribution to domestic food supply resiliency. The study recommends three policy interventions: (1) collaboration amongst the members of the city region to achieve its own carbon–neutral electricity supply; (2) investment for areas without transmission lines to fully benefit from their regional resources; and (3) support for local initiatives where local communities co-manage the resources and co-benefit from them. Based on the results, the paper further highlights the potential of the CES approach to deliver just transition from a spatial perspective.
Author	Sato, Haruno Mitra, Bijon Kumer Dasgupta, Rajarshi Hashimoto, Shizuka
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Haruno surname: Sato fullname: Sato, Haruno organization: Integrated Sustainability Centre, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies – sequence: 2 givenname: Bijon Kumer orcidid: 0000-0001-6854-4870 surname: Mitra fullname: Mitra, Bijon Kumer email: b-mitra@iges.or.jp organization: Integrated Sustainability Centre, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies – sequence: 3 givenname: Rajarshi surname: Dasgupta fullname: Dasgupta, Rajarshi organization: School of Public Policy, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi – sequence: 4 givenname: Shizuka surname: Hashimoto fullname: Hashimoto, Shizuka organization: Laboratory of Landscape Ecology and Planning, The University of Tokyo
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SubjectTerms	Agricultural land Agriculture agrivoltaic systems Agrivoltaics Alternative energy sources Carbon neutrality Case studies Cities Climate change Climate Change Management and Policy Decarbonization Earth and Environmental Science electricity Environment Environmental Economics Environmental Management Fisheries food availability Food supply issues and policy Japan Land resources Land use land use change Landscape Ecology Local communities Net zero Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaics Population decline Public Health Regional development Regions Renewable energy renewable energy sources Renewable resources Rural areas Society solar collectors Solar energy Special Feature: Just and Sustainable Transitions in Net-Zero Asia Special Feature: Original Article stakeholders Sustainability Sustainable Development Transmission lines Urban areas Urban regeneration
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Title	Assessment of alternative land resource utilisation towards Net-Zero and regional revitalisation through the circulating and ecological sphere in depopulated city regions in Japan: a case study of Hachinohe City Region
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