Animal models of human anthrax: The Quest for the Holy Grail

Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human host–pathogen interactions. Therefore, the development of animal models is necessary. Anthrax has the particularity of being a toxi-infection,...

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Vydáno v:Molecular aspects of medicine Ročník 30; číslo 6; s. 467 - 480
Hlavní autor: Goossens, Pierre L.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2009
Témata:
Animal model
Animals
Anthrax
Anthrax - classification
Anthrax - microbiology
Anthrax - physiopathology
Anthrax - transmission
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis - pathogenicity
Bacterial infection
Disease Models, Animal
Guinea pig
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Inhalation Exposure
Lung
Mediastinal lymph node
Mouse
Non-human primate
Pleura
Rabbit
Rat
Spores, Bacterial - metabolism
Toxin
Bacillus anthracis
Animal model
Rat
Lung
Rabbit
Bacterial infection
Toxin
Guinea pig
Mouse
Anthrax
Non-human primate
Mediastinal lymph node
Pleura
ISSN:0098-2997, 1872-9452, 1872-9452
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Abstract Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human host–pathogen interactions. Therefore, the development of animal models is necessary. Anthrax has the particularity of being a toxi-infection, a combination of infection and toxemia. The ideal animal model would explore these two different facets and mimic human disease as much as possible. In the past decades, the main effort has been focused on modelling of inhalational anthrax and the perception of specific aspects of the infection has evolved in recent years. In this review, we consider criteria which can lead to the most appropriate choice of a given animal species for modelling human anthrax. We will highlight the positive input and limitations of different models and show that they are not mutually exclusive. On the contrary, their contribution to anthrax research can be more rewarding when taken in synergy. We will also present a reappraisal of inhalational anthrax and propose reflections on key points, such as portal of entry, connections between mediastinal lymph nodes, pleura and lymphatic drainage.
AbstractList Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human host-pathogen interactions. Therefore, the development of animal models is necessary. Anthrax has the particularity of being a toxi-infection, a combination of infection and toxemia. The ideal animal model would explore these two different facets and mimic human disease as much as possible. In the past decades, the main effort has been focused on modelling of inhalational anthrax and the perception of specific aspects of the infection has evolved in recent years. In this review, we consider criteria which can lead to the most appropriate choice of a given animal species for modelling human anthrax. We will highlight the positive input and limitations of different models and show that they are not mutually exclusive. On the contrary, their contribution to anthrax research can be more rewarding when taken in synergy. We will also present a reappraisal of inhalational anthrax and propose reflections on key points, such as portal of entry, connections between mediastinal lymph nodes, pleura and lymphatic drainage.
Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human host-pathogen interactions. Therefore, the development of animal models is necessary. Anthrax has the particularity of being a toxi-infection, a combination of infection and toxemia. The ideal animal model would explore these two different facets and mimic human disease as much as possible. In the past decades, the main effort has been focused on modelling of inhalational anthrax and the perception of specific aspects of the infection has evolved in recent years. In this review, we consider criteria which can lead to the most appropriate choice of a given animal species for modelling human anthrax. We will highlight the positive input and limitations of different models and show that they are not mutually exclusive. On the contrary, their contribution to anthrax research can be more rewarding when taken in synergy. We will also present a reappraisal of inhalational anthrax and propose reflections on key points, such as portal of entry, connections between mediastinal lymph nodes, pleura and lymphatic drainage.Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human host-pathogen interactions. Therefore, the development of animal models is necessary. Anthrax has the particularity of being a toxi-infection, a combination of infection and toxemia. The ideal animal model would explore these two different facets and mimic human disease as much as possible. In the past decades, the main effort has been focused on modelling of inhalational anthrax and the perception of specific aspects of the infection has evolved in recent years. In this review, we consider criteria which can lead to the most appropriate choice of a given animal species for modelling human anthrax. We will highlight the positive input and limitations of different models and show that they are not mutually exclusive. On the contrary, their contribution to anthrax research can be more rewarding when taken in synergy. We will also present a reappraisal of inhalational anthrax and propose reflections on key points, such as portal of entry, connections between mediastinal lymph nodes, pleura and lymphatic drainage.
Author Goossens, Pierre L.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Pierre L.
  surname: Goossens
  fullname: Goossens, Pierre L.
  email: pierre.goossens@pasteur.fr, michele.mock@pasteur.fr
  organization: Institut Pasteur, Toxines et Pathogénie Bactérienne, CNRS URA 2172, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19665473$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 6
Keywords Bacillus anthracis
Animal model
Rat
Lung
Rabbit
Bacterial infection
Toxin
Guinea pig
Mouse
Anthrax
Non-human primate
Mediastinal lymph node
Pleura
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Snippet Anthrax is rare among humans, few data can be collected from infected individuals and they provide a fragmentary view of the dynamics of infection and human...
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SubjectTerms Animal model
Animals
Anthrax
Anthrax - classification
Anthrax - microbiology
Anthrax - physiopathology
Anthrax - transmission
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis - pathogenicity
Bacterial infection
Disease Models, Animal
Guinea pig
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Inhalation Exposure
Lung
Mediastinal lymph node
Mouse
Non-human primate
Pleura
Rabbit
Rat
Spores, Bacterial - metabolism
Toxin
Title Animal models of human anthrax: The Quest for the Holy Grail
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2009.07.005
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19665473
https://www.proquest.com/docview/734132673
Volume 30
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