Towards a CAD-based Automated Robot Offline-Programming Approach for Disassembly

Currently, programming a robot is time-consuming both online and offline. To address this challenge, a novel approach is applied to generate the robot program of an industrial robot automatically. Robot program blocks are generated based on disassembly information from the CAD product model and the...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Procedia CIRP Jg. 104; S. 1280 - 1285
Hauptverfasser: Beck, Joshua, Neb, Alexander, Barbu, Katharina
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elsevier B.V 2021
Schlagworte:
ISSN:2212-8271, 2212-8271
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract Currently, programming a robot is time-consuming both online and offline. To address this challenge, a novel approach is applied to generate the robot program of an industrial robot automatically. Robot program blocks are generated based on disassembly information from the CAD product model and the product model itself. For this purpose, the robot manufacturer-independent robot offline programming software "Octopuz" is used. Furthermore, the focus of the presented approach is on the two fundamental process types, "pick & place" and "unscrewing", to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.
AbstractList Currently, programming a robot is time-consuming both online and offline. To address this challenge, a novel approach is applied to generate the robot program of an industrial robot automatically. Robot program blocks are generated based on disassembly information from the CAD product model and the product model itself. For this purpose, the robot manufacturer-independent robot offline programming software "Octopuz" is used. Furthermore, the focus of the presented approach is on the two fundamental process types, "pick & place" and "unscrewing", to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Author Neb, Alexander
Beck, Joshua
Barbu, Katharina
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Joshua
  surname: Beck
  fullname: Beck, Joshua
  email: joshua.beck@ipa.fraunhofer.de
  organization: Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), Nobelstr. 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Alexander
  surname: Neb
  fullname: Neb, Alexander
  organization: Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), Nobelstr. 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Katharina
  surname: Barbu
  fullname: Barbu, Katharina
  organization: Fraunhofer Institute of Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), Nobelstr. 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
BookMark eNqFkMtOwzAQRS1UJErpH7DIDyRkbKdNWCBFLS-pUivUveXY4-IqiSvbgPh7UpUFYgGzmbs5dzTnkox61yMh15BnkMPsZp8dvFPWZzSnkAFkFIozMqYUaFrSOYx-5AsyDWGfDzPnOQM6Jput-5Beh0Qmi3qZNjKgTuq36DoZh_TiGheTtTGt7THdeLfzsutsv0vqw3BWqtfEOJ8sbZAhYNe0n1fk3Mg24PR7T8j24X67eEpX68fnRb1KFStoTGljeIHcmHJWKdBMNyBVWTGoKsMR0eRQKNUUtJwXoA1vGENDuZGcayY1mxB-qlXeheDRiIO3nfSfAnJx9CL24uRFHL0IADF4GbDbX5iyUUbr-uilbf-D704wDn-9W_QiKIu9Qm09qii0s38XfAEZ1YQs
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2022_05_006
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0890060424000143
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2022_1001955
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2023_09_124
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2025_08_123
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2025_08_156
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmsy_2024_05_013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_est_2025_116368
Cites_doi 10.1109/RAMECH.2010.5513141
10.1109/ICARSC.2019.8733631
10.1016/j.robot.2018.04.007
10.1007/s00170-013-4873-5
10.1016/j.procir.2014.10.098
10.1109/ICARSC.2018.8374159
10.1007/978-3-662-02440-9_18
10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.213
10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.011
10.1016/j.robot.2013.02.005
10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.907.391
10.1007/s00170-018-03282-w
10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.119
10.1109/ICAR.2011.6088599
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2021
Copyright_xml – notice: 2021
DBID 6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215
DatabaseName ScienceDirect Open Access Titles
Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access
CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 2212-8271
EndPage 1285
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_procir_2021_11_215
S2212827121011136
GroupedDBID 0R~
0SF
4.4
457
6I.
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAFTH
AAIKJ
AALRI
AAXUO
ABMAC
ACGFS
ADBBV
ADEZE
AEXQZ
AFTJW
AGHFR
AITUG
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
EBS
EJD
FDB
HZ~
IXB
KQ8
M41
M~E
NCXOZ
O-L
O9-
OK1
RIG
ROL
SSZ
AAYWO
AAYXX
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADVLN
AEUPX
AFPUW
AIGII
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
CITATION
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-2bf45e4ff869c1d3db1ac893199f4eeef015ccb528751df4b33ef24fa44d3ad3
ISICitedReferencesCount 8
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001483972200215&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2212-8271
IngestDate Tue Nov 18 19:44:08 EST 2025
Wed Nov 05 20:58:25 EST 2025
Wed May 17 00:08:32 EDT 2023
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Robot Programming
OLRP
Disassembly Planning
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c352t-2bf45e4ff869c1d3db1ac893199f4eeef015ccb528751df4b33ef24fa44d3ad3
OpenAccessLink https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215
PageCount 6
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2021_11_215
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_procir_2021_11_215
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_procir_2021_11_215
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021
2021-00-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – year: 2021
  text: 2021
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Procedia CIRP
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Bedaka, Lin (bib00014) 2017
Laser (bib0001) 2020
Neb (bib00012) 2019; 81
Bedaka, Vidal, Lin (bib00016) 2019; 102
Ay P, Markowski J, Pempel H, Müller M. Entwicklung eines innovativen Verfahrens zur automatisierten Demontage und Aufbereitung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien aus Fahrzeugen. Berliner Recycling-und Rohstoff-konferenz, 2012
Souza JP, Castro A, Rocha L, Relvas P, Silva MF. Converting Robot Offline Programs to Native Code Using the AdaptPack Studio Translator. IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC) 2019. 1-7
Polden J. Automated offline programming for low volume robotic manufacturing, University of Wollongong Thesis Collection, 2014
Moura FM, Silva M. Application for automatic programming of palletizing robots, IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC), Torres Vedras 2018;48-53
last accessed 09.12.2020
Fu, Chen, Zhou, Zheng, Wei, Dai, Pan (bib00025) 2018; 106
Bedaka, Lin (bib00015) 2018; 133
Collins K, Palmer AJ, Rathmill K. The development of a european benchmark for comparison of assembly robot programming systems. 1st Robot. Euro Conf, Brussels, June 1984
Natkunarajah N. Automatisierte Demontage von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien – Ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Rohstoffrückgewinnung, Syposium Rohstoff-effizienz und Rohstoffinnovationen 2014
Neto P, Pires JN, Moreira AP. CAD-based Off-Line Robot Programming. IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics, Singapore, 2010, 516-521
Schmitt J, Haupt H, Kurrat M, Raatz, A. Disassembly Automation for Lithium-Ion Battery Systems Using a Flexible Gripper IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics 2011, 291-297
Europäische Kommission. Bericht der Kommission über die Richtlinie 2006/66/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 6. September 2006 über Batterien und Akkumulatoren sowie Altbatterien und Altakkumulatoren und zur Aufhebung der Richtlinie 91/157/EWG. Brüssel 2019
Polden, Pan, Larkin, van Duin, Norrish (bib00022) 2011; 88
Neto, Mendes (bib00018) 2013; 61
Pott, Dietz (bib00023) 2019
Herrmann, Raatz, Andrew, Schmitt (bib0007) 2014; 907
Emission-free mobility for all-https://www.volkswagen-newsroom.com/en/press-releases/emission-free-mobility-for-all-sales-of-id3-start-on-july-20-6229, last accessed: 08.12.2020
Fechter, Neb (bib00013) 2019; 81
Zhu (bib00019) 2013; 68
Kwade, A, Diekmann J, Hanisch C, Spengler T, Thies C, Hermann C, Dröder K, Cerdas JF, Gerbers R, Scholl S, Stehmann F, Haas P, Kurrat M, Hauck D. Recycling von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien-LithoRec II, 2017
Wegener, Andrew, Raatz, Dröder, Herrmann (bib00011) 2014; 23
Polden (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00022) 2011; 88
Fechter (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00013) 2019; 81
Fu (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00025) 2018; 106
Neto (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00018) 2013; 61
Zhu (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00019) 2013; 68
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00020
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00021
Bedaka (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00015) 2018; 133
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00024
Bedaka (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00014) 2017
Bedaka (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00016) 2019; 102
Pott (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00023) 2019
Wegener (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00011) 2014; 23
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0006
Herrmann (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0007) 2014; 907
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0008
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00017
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0009
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0002
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0003
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0004
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0005
Neb (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00012) 2019; 81
10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00010
Laser (10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0001) 2020
References_xml – reference: Collins K, Palmer AJ, Rathmill K. The development of a european benchmark for comparison of assembly robot programming systems. 1st Robot. Euro Conf, Brussels, June 1984
– reference: Neto P, Pires JN, Moreira AP. CAD-based Off-Line Robot Programming. IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics, Singapore, 2010, 516-521
– volume: 61
  start-page: 896
  year: 2013
  end-page: 910
  ident: bib00018
  article-title: Direct offline robot programming via a common CAD package
  publication-title: Robotics and Autonomous Systems
– reference: , last accessed 09.12.2020
– volume: 133
  start-page: 779
  year: 2018
  end-page: 785
  ident: bib00015
  article-title: CAD-based robot path planning and simulation using OPEN and CASCADE
  publication-title: PROCEDIA Computer Science
– reference: Souza JP, Castro A, Rocha L, Relvas P, Silva MF. Converting Robot Offline Programs to Native Code Using the AdaptPack Studio Translator. IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC) 2019. 1-7
– year: 2019
  ident: bib00023
  publication-title: Industrielle Robotersysteme
– volume: 907
  start-page: 391
  year: 2014
  end-page: 401
  ident: bib0007
  article-title: Scenario-based Development of Disassembly Systems for Automotive Lithium Ion Battery Systems
  publication-title: Adv Materials Research
– volume: 88
  start-page: 341
  year: 2011
  end-page: 349
  ident: bib00022
  article-title: Offline Programming for a complex welding System using DELMIA Automation
  publication-title: Robotic Welding, Intelligence and Automation. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
– volume: 23
  start-page: 155
  year: 2014
  end-page: 160
  ident: bib00011
  article-title: Disassembly of Electric Vehicle Batteries Using the Example of the Audi Q5 Hybrid System
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
– reference: Schmitt J, Haupt H, Kurrat M, Raatz, A. Disassembly Automation for Lithium-Ion Battery Systems Using a Flexible Gripper IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics 2011, 291-297
– reference: Emission-free mobility for all-https://www.volkswagen-newsroom.com/en/press-releases/emission-free-mobility-for-all-sales-of-id3-start-on-july-20-6229, last accessed: 08.12.2020
– volume: 81
  start-page: 856
  year: 2019
  end-page: 861
  ident: bib00012
  article-title: Review on Approaches to Generate Assembly Sequences by Extraction of Assembly Features from 3D Models
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
– volume: 102
  start-page: 1935
  year: 2019
  end-page: 1950
  ident: bib00016
  article-title: Automatic robot path integration using three-dimensional vision and offline programming
  publication-title: Int J of Adv Manufacturing Technology
– year: 2020
  ident: bib0001
  publication-title: Hightech am Ende-Über das globale Recycling von Elektroschrott und die Entstehung neuer Werte
– volume: 106
  start-page: 26
  year: 2018
  end-page: 37
  ident: bib00025
  article-title: An improved A* algorithm for the industrial robot path planning with high success rate and short length
  publication-title: Robotics and Autonomous Systems
– reference: Kwade, A, Diekmann J, Hanisch C, Spengler T, Thies C, Hermann C, Dröder K, Cerdas JF, Gerbers R, Scholl S, Stehmann F, Haas P, Kurrat M, Hauck D. Recycling von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien-LithoRec II, 2017
– reference: Moura FM, Silva M. Application for automatic programming of palletizing robots, IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC), Torres Vedras 2018;48-53
– reference: Natkunarajah N. Automatisierte Demontage von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien – Ein wichtiger Beitrag zur Rohstoffrückgewinnung, Syposium Rohstoff-effizienz und Rohstoffinnovationen 2014
– volume: 68
  start-page: 2535
  year: 2013
  end-page: 3545
  ident: bib00019
  article-title: An offline programming system for robotic drilling in aerospace manufacturing
  publication-title: Int J Adv Manuf Technol
– reference: Polden J. Automated offline programming for low volume robotic manufacturing, University of Wollongong Thesis Collection, 2014
– reference: Ay P, Markowski J, Pempel H, Müller M. Entwicklung eines innovativen Verfahrens zur automatisierten Demontage und Aufbereitung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien aus Fahrzeugen. Berliner Recycling-und Rohstoff-konferenz, 2012
– volume: 81
  start-page: 57
  year: 2019
  end-page: 62
  ident: bib00013
  article-title: From 3D product data to hybrid assembly workplace generation using the AutomationML exchange file format
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
– start-page: 63
  year: 2017
  end-page: 68
  ident: bib00014
  article-title: Autonomous Path Generation Platform for Robot Simulation
  publication-title: Int Conf on Adv Robotics and Intelligent Systems ARIS
– reference: Europäische Kommission. Bericht der Kommission über die Richtlinie 2006/66/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 6. September 2006 über Batterien und Akkumulatoren sowie Altbatterien und Altakkumulatoren und zur Aufhebung der Richtlinie 91/157/EWG. Brüssel 2019
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00017
  doi: 10.1109/RAMECH.2010.5513141
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00021
  doi: 10.1109/ICARSC.2019.8733631
– volume: 106
  start-page: 26
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00025
  article-title: An improved A* algorithm for the industrial robot path planning with high success rate and short length
  publication-title: Robotics and Autonomous Systems
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2018.04.007
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0008
– volume: 68
  start-page: 2535
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00019
  article-title: An offline programming system for robotic drilling in aerospace manufacturing
  publication-title: Int J Adv Manuf Technol
  doi: 10.1007/s00170-013-4873-5
– volume: 88
  start-page: 341
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00022
  article-title: Offline Programming for a complex welding System using DELMIA Automation
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00023
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0005
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0001
– volume: 23
  start-page: 155
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00011
  article-title: Disassembly of Electric Vehicle Batteries Using the Example of the Audi Q5 Hybrid System
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
  doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2014.10.098
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00010
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00020
  doi: 10.1109/ICARSC.2018.8374159
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00024
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-02440-9_18
– volume: 81
  start-page: 856
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00012
  article-title: Review on Approaches to Generate Assembly Sequences by Extraction of Assembly Features from 3D Models
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
  doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.213
– volume: 81
  start-page: 57
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00013
  article-title: From 3D product data to hybrid assembly workplace generation using the AutomationML exchange file format
  publication-title: Procedia CIRP
  doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.011
– volume: 61
  start-page: 896
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00018
  article-title: Direct offline robot programming via a common CAD package
  publication-title: Robotics and Autonomous Systems
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2013.02.005
– volume: 907
  start-page: 391
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0007
  article-title: Scenario-based Development of Disassembly Systems for Automotive Lithium Ion Battery Systems
  publication-title: Adv Materials Research
  doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.907.391
– volume: 102
  start-page: 1935
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00016
  article-title: Automatic robot path integration using three-dimensional vision and offline programming
  publication-title: Int J of Adv Manufacturing Technology
  doi: 10.1007/s00170-018-03282-w
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0002
– volume: 133
  start-page: 779
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00015
  article-title: CAD-based robot path planning and simulation using OPEN and CASCADE
  publication-title: PROCEDIA Computer Science
  doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.119
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0009
– start-page: 63
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib00014
  article-title: Autonomous Path Generation Platform for Robot Simulation
  publication-title: Int Conf on Adv Robotics and Intelligent Systems ARIS
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0006
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0004
– ident: 10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215_bib0003
  doi: 10.1109/ICAR.2011.6088599
SSID ssj0000740312
Score 2.1860287
Snippet Currently, programming a robot is time-consuming both online and offline. To address this challenge, a novel approach is applied to generate the robot program...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 1280
SubjectTerms Disassembly Planning
OLRP
Robot Programming
Title Towards a CAD-based Automated Robot Offline-Programming Approach for Disassembly
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.215
Volume 104
WOSCitedRecordID wos001483972200215&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2212-8271
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000740312
  issn: 2212-8271
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20120101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELagcIAD4qmWl3zgFrnKw9nEx1JAgNCyKnvoLYpfYqs2qZos6onfzuc4yaZ0xUviEsXedbya-XY8M5kHIa80_kC5FJrB-pCMazVjYoahtdbVOzNGpF2i8KdsPs-Pj8Wizy5punYCWVXll5fi_L-yGnNgtkud_Qt2jw_FBO7BdFzBdlz_jPFdIGwTlAGozNwppYODdVtDNcXdUS3rNvhsrVMv2cJHZ511vpG-ungXePhm1UCrNmfy9Mpr3y6tAIgKDj8cjYlhr40XqR_r5ut6lPJzI68k0GxcpuDjEMcBQ9137x4cD_HG5XA9F8aJqxiHIDjuG6rsmy1zg7wN-URi4nwMJ6cvhulWye6dDCfuXFErV8g1jiDu92OfDPpTzewvbmO3LwzayHWtuUluxRlsJxfb-X3jhIP-BKHm3jSNv3RIr-xiAK9vtl19magky_vkXm9L0AOPgQfkhqkekruTCpOPyKJHAy3piAY6ooF2aKBb0EAHNFCggU7Q8Jgs371dHr5nfRMNpqBbtyyWlqeGW5vPhIp0omVUKiipkRCWG2Ms9EGlZArLOY205TJJjI25LTnXSamTJ2SnqiuzS6goYxWmZTLL3GewM3USqpLLXIRGponeI8lAmkL1BeZdn5PTYogkPCk8QQtHUNieBQi6R9i46twXWPnN97OB6kWvJHrlrwBSfrny6T-vfEbuuJH3vD0nO-3F2rwgt9W3dtVcvOwg9QNu9o0Q
linkProvider ISSN International Centre
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Towards+a+CAD-based+Automated+Robot+Offline-Programming+Approach+for+Disassembly&rft.jtitle=Procedia+CIRP&rft.au=Beck%2C+Joshua&rft.au=Neb%2C+Alexander&rft.au=Barbu%2C+Katharina&rft.date=2021&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=2212-8271&rft.eissn=2212-8271&rft.volume=104&rft.spage=1280&rft.epage=1285&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.procir.2021.11.215&rft.externalDocID=S2212827121011136
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2212-8271&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2212-8271&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2212-8271&client=summon