Assessing the Gold Standard — Lessons from the History of RCTs
Over the past 70 years, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have reshaped medical knowledge and practice. Popularized by mid-20th-century clinical researchers and statisticians aiming to reduce bias and enhance the accuracy of clinical experimentation, RCTs have often functioned well in that role....
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| Vydáno v: | The New England journal of medicine Ročník 374; číslo 22; s. 2175 - 2181 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
United States
Massachusetts Medical Society
02.06.2016
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| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0028-4793, 1533-4406 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | Over the past 70 years, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have reshaped medical knowledge and practice. Popularized by mid-20th-century clinical researchers and statisticians aiming to reduce bias and enhance the accuracy of clinical experimentation, RCTs have often functioned well in that role. Yet the past seven decades also bear witness to many limitations of this new “gold standard.” The scientific and political history of RCTs offers lessons regarding the complexity of medicine and disease and the economic and political forces that shape the production and circulation of medical knowledge.
The Rise of RCTs
Physicians and medical researchers have attempted for millennia . . . |
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| AbstractList | Randomized, controlled trials have become the gold standard of medical knowledge. Yet their scientific and political history offers lessons about the complexity of medicine and disease and the economic and political forces shaping the production and circulation of knowledge. Over the past 70 years, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) have reshaped medical knowledge and practice. Popularized by mid-20th-century clinical researchers and statisticians aiming to reduce bias and enhance the accuracy of clinical experimentation, RCTs have often functioned well in that role. Yet the past seven decades also bear witness to many limitations of this new “gold standard.” The scientific and political history of RCTs offers lessons regarding the complexity of medicine and disease and the economic and political forces that shape the production and circulation of medical knowledge. The Rise of RCTs Physicians and medical researchers have attempted for millennia . . . |
| Author | Greene, Jeremy A Podolsky, Scott H Jones, David S Bothwell, Laura E |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Laura E surname: Bothwell fullname: Bothwell, Laura E organization: From the Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School (L.E.B.), and the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School (S.H.P., D.S.J.), Boston, and the Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge (D.S.J.) — both in Massachusetts; and the Division of General Internal Medicine and the Department of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (J.A.G.) – sequence: 2 givenname: Jeremy A surname: Greene fullname: Greene, Jeremy A organization: From the Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School (L.E.B.), and the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School (S.H.P., D.S.J.), Boston, and the Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge (D.S.J.) — both in Massachusetts; and the Division of General Internal Medicine and the Department of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (J.A.G.) – sequence: 3 givenname: Scott H surname: Podolsky fullname: Podolsky, Scott H organization: From the Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School (L.E.B.), and the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School (S.H.P., D.S.J.), Boston, and the Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge (D.S.J.) — both in Massachusetts; and the Division of General Internal Medicine and the Department of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (J.A.G.) – sequence: 4 givenname: David S surname: Jones fullname: Jones, David S organization: From the Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School (L.E.B.), and the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School (S.H.P., D.S.J.), Boston, and the Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge (D.S.J.) — both in Massachusetts; and the Division of General Internal Medicine and the Department of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (J.A.G.) |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27248626$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Clinical trials Disease Drug Approval - history Drug Approval - legislation & jurisprudence Drug Industry - history Female History of medicine History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Humans Legislation, Drug - history Medicine Pregnancy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - ethics Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - history Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data |
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| Title | Assessing the Gold Standard — Lessons from the History of RCTs |
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