Calcium phosphopeptides -- mechanisms of action and evidence for clinical efficacy

Phosphoproteins/phosphopeptides with clusters of acidic residues are found throughout nature, where they aid in the prevention of unwanted precipitation of solid calcium phosphates. The acidic residues, particularly phosphoserine, interact with calcium and stabilize clusters of calcium and phosphate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in dental research Vol. 24; no. 2; p. 41
Main Authors: Cochrane, N J, Reynolds, E C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.09.2012
Subjects:
Animals
Biomimetic Materials - metabolism
Calcium - metabolism
Calcium Phosphates - metabolism
Cariostatic Agents - chemistry
Cariostatic Agents - pharmacology
Cariostatic Agents - therapeutic use
Caseins - chemistry
Caseins - pharmacology
Caseins - therapeutic use
Fluorides - therapeutic use
Humans
Milk - metabolism
Phosphopeptides - metabolism
Phosphoproteins - metabolism
Saliva - metabolism
Tooth Remineralization - methods
ISSN:1544-0737, 1544-0737
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Phosphoproteins/phosphopeptides with clusters of acidic residues are found throughout nature, where they aid in the prevention of unwanted precipitation of solid calcium phosphates. The acidic residues, particularly phosphoserine, interact with calcium and stabilize clusters of calcium and phosphate. Saliva and milk are two examples of biological fluids that contain such phosphoprotein/phosphopeptide-stabilized calcium phosphates, and both share a similar evolutionary pathway. Saliva has been shown to have remineralization potential and is of critical importance in maintaining the mineral content of teeth in the oral environment. Milk can be enzymatically modified to release casein phosphopeptides that contain the clusters of residues that allow milk to stabilize high concentrations of calcium and phosphate. These casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplexes (CPP-ACP) can stabilize even higher concentrations of calcium and phosphate than milk and can be considered a salivary biomimetic, since they share many similarities to statherin. The mechanisms of action and the growing body of scientific evidence that supports the use of CPP-ACP to augment fluoride in inhibiting demineralization and enhancing the remineralization of white-spot lesions are reviewed.
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ISSN:1544-0737
1544-0737
DOI:10.1177/0022034512454294