f-Sensitivity Distance Oracles and Routing Schemes

An f-sensitivity distance oracle for a weighted undirected graph G ( V , E ) is a data structure capable of answering restricted distance queries between vertex pairs, i.e., calculating distances on a subgraph avoiding some forbidden edges. This paper presents an efficiently constructible f -sensiti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Algorithmica Vol. 63; no. 4; pp. 861 - 882
Main Authors: Chechik, Shiri, Langberg, Michael, Peleg, David, Roditty, Liam
Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
Language:English
Published: New York Springer-Verlag 01.08.2012
Springer
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ISSN:0178-4617, 1432-0541
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:An f-sensitivity distance oracle for a weighted undirected graph G ( V , E ) is a data structure capable of answering restricted distance queries between vertex pairs, i.e., calculating distances on a subgraph avoiding some forbidden edges. This paper presents an efficiently constructible f -sensitivity distance oracle that given a triplet ( s , t , F ), where s and t are vertices and F is a set of forbidden edges such that | F |≤ f , returns an estimate of the distance between s and t in G ( V , E ∖ F ). For an integer parameter k ≥1, the size of the data structure is O ( fkn 1+1/ k log ( nW )), where W is the heaviest edge in G , the stretch (approximation ratio) of the returned distance is (8 k −2)( f +1), and the query time is O (| F |⋅log  2 n ⋅log log  n ⋅log log  d ), where d is the distance between s and t in G ( V , E ∖ F ). Our result differs from previous ones in two major respects: (1) it is the first to consider approximate oracles for general graphs (and thus obtain a succinct data structure); (2) our result holds for an arbitrary number of forbidden edges. In contrast, previous papers concern f -sensitive exact distance oracles, which consequently have size Ω( n 2 ). Moreover, those oracles support forbidden sets F of size | F |≤2. The paper also considers f -sensitive compact routing schemes, namely, routing schemes that avoid a given set of forbidden (or failed ) edges. It presents a scheme capable of withstanding up to two edge failures. Given a message M destined to t at a source vertex s , in the presence of a forbidden edge set F of size | F |≤2 (unknown to s ), our scheme routes M from s to t in a distributed manner, over a path of length at most O ( k ) times the length of the optimal path (avoiding F ). The total amount of information stored in vertices of G is O ( kn 1+1/ k log ( nW )log  n ). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result obtaining an f -sensitive compact routing scheme for general graphs.
ISSN:0178-4617
1432-0541
DOI:10.1007/s00453-011-9543-0