Effects of Polyhalogenated Aromatic Compounds on Porphyrin Metabolism
Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater...
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| Vydáno v: | Environmental health perspectives Ročník 60; s. 139 - 143 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
01.05.1985
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| ISSN: | 0091-6765, 1552-9924 |
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| Abstract | Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater quantities of porphyrins in urine. The porphyrias are a group of diseases characterized by excessive porphyrins and other precursors in urine. Porphyrias may be either hereditary or acquired through exposure to certain drugs or chemicals. Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the disease associated with exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. The urinary porphyrin pattern is of great value in diagnosing PCT and defining the etiology of the disease. As this liver disease from chemical damage develops, the urinary pattern progressively changes. With the development of a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, urinary porphyrin patterns can be easily monitored. All free porphyrin acids can be quantitatively analyzed in less than 15 min. In our studies of groups exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals, we have not observed clear differences in the urinary porphyrin patterns of cases when compared with carefully selected controls. In animal studies, however, PCT was clearly associated with polybrominated biphenyl exposure. Future evaluation of the utility of urinary porphyrin patterns as a diagnostic tool will require a cohort that has received a recent, well-documented exposure and a comparable control population. Assay of erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity will also be needed to define the form of the PCT. |
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| AbstractList | Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater quantities of porphyrins in urine. The porphyrias are a group of diseases characterized by excessive porphyrins and other precursors in urine. Porphyrias may be either hereditary or acquired through exposure to certain drugs or chemicals. Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the disease associated with exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. The urinary porphyrin pattern is of great value in diagnosing PCT and defining the etiology of the disease. As this liver disease from chemical damage develops, the urinary pattern progressively changes. With the development of a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, urinary porphyrin patterns can be easily monitored. All free porphyrin acids can be quantitatively analyzed in less than 15 min. In our studies of groups exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals, we have not observed clear differences in the urinary porphyrin patterns of cases when compared with carefully selected controls. In animal studies, however, PCT was clearly associated with polybrominated biphenyl exposure. Future evaluation of the utility of urinary porphyrin patterns as a diagnostic tool will require a cohort that has received a recent, well-documented exposure and a comparable control population. Assay of erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity will also be needed to define the form of the PCT.Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater quantities of porphyrins in urine. The porphyrias are a group of diseases characterized by excessive porphyrins and other precursors in urine. Porphyrias may be either hereditary or acquired through exposure to certain drugs or chemicals. Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the disease associated with exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. The urinary porphyrin pattern is of great value in diagnosing PCT and defining the etiology of the disease. As this liver disease from chemical damage develops, the urinary pattern progressively changes. With the development of a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, urinary porphyrin patterns can be easily monitored. All free porphyrin acids can be quantitatively analyzed in less than 15 min. In our studies of groups exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals, we have not observed clear differences in the urinary porphyrin patterns of cases when compared with carefully selected controls. In animal studies, however, PCT was clearly associated with polybrominated biphenyl exposure. Future evaluation of the utility of urinary porphyrin patterns as a diagnostic tool will require a cohort that has received a recent, well-documented exposure and a comparable control population. Assay of erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity will also be needed to define the form of the PCT. Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater quantities of porphyrins in urine. The porphyrias are a group of diseases characterized by excessive porphyrins and other precursors in urine. Porphyrias may be either hereditary or acquired through exposure to certain drugs or chemicals. Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the disease associated with exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. The urinary porphyrin pattern is of great value in diagnosing PCT and defining the etiology of the disease. As this liver disease from chemical damage develops, the urinary pattern progressively changes. With the development of a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, urinary porphyrin patterns can be easily monitored. All free porphyrin acids can be quantitatively analyzed in less than 15 min. In our studies of groups exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals, we have not observed clear differences in the urinary porphyrin patterns of cases when compared with carefully selected controls. In animal studies, however, PCT was clearly associated with polybrominated biphenyl exposure. Future evaluation of the utility of urinary porphyrin patterns as a diagnostic tool will require a cohort that has received a recent, well-documented exposure and a comparable control population. Assay of erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity will also be needed to define the form of the PCT. Heme production is a vital metabolic process that occurs in the bone marrow and liver. Porphyrins are unused by-products of this biosynthetic process and normally occur in urine and other body fluids in low concentrations. Various disorders can disrupt the heme biosynthetic process, causing greater quantities of porphyrins in urine. The urinary porphyrin pattern is of great value in diagnosing PCT and defining the etiology of the disease. As this liver disease from chemical damage develops, the urinary pattern progressively changes. With the development of a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, urinary porphyrin patterns can be easily monitored. All free porphyrin acids can be quantitatively analyzed in less than 15 min. In the author studies of groups exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals, they have not observed clear differences in the urinary porphyrin patterns of cases when compared with carefully selected controls. In animal studies, howerer, PCT was clearly associated with polybrominated biphenyl exposure. Future evaluation of the utility of urinary porphyrin patterns as a diagnostic tool will require a cohort that has received a recent, well-documented exposure and a comparable control population. Assay of erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity will also be needed to define the form of the PCT. |
| Author | Hill, Robert H. |
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| References | 14329229 - Arch Dermatol. 1965 Sep;92:252-6 6277333 - Biochem Pharmacol. 1982 Jan 1;31(1):11-7 6962630 - Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 1982;100:29-41 7206594 - Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Dec 15;58(24):1347-56 4117946 - Br J Haematol. 1972 Nov;23(5):587-93 7153276 - J Chromatogr. 1982 Nov 12;232(2):251-60 730158 - Hum Genet. 1978 Oct 31;44(2):145-51 6304939 - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 May;68(3):424-33 7003654 - Prog Med Genet. 1980;4:169-97 6789414 - Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1980 Dec;30(3):547-54 712918 - J Urol. 1978 Nov;120(5):643-4 7366128 - Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Feb 1;58(3):141-8 7451603 - J Chromatogr. 1980 Oct 31;199:339-43 6185111 - Australas J Dermatol. 1982 Aug;23(2):70-5 7469493 - Arch Environ Health. 1981 Jan-Feb;36(1):5-11 7138315 - Arch Neurol. 1982 Dec;39(12):744-9 7167097 - Med Lav. 1982 Nov-Dec;73(6):571-4 7428280 - Clin Sci (Lond). 1980 Jun;58(6):477-84 890941 - Clin Chim Acta. 1977 Jun 1;77(2):167-78 |
| References_xml | – reference: 6185111 - Australas J Dermatol. 1982 Aug;23(2):70-5 – reference: 730158 - Hum Genet. 1978 Oct 31;44(2):145-51 – reference: 7003654 - Prog Med Genet. 1980;4:169-97 – reference: 7206594 - Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Dec 15;58(24):1347-56 – reference: 890941 - Clin Chim Acta. 1977 Jun 1;77(2):167-78 – reference: 712918 - J Urol. 1978 Nov;120(5):643-4 – reference: 6789414 - Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1980 Dec;30(3):547-54 – reference: 6304939 - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 May;68(3):424-33 – reference: 7451603 - J Chromatogr. 1980 Oct 31;199:339-43 – reference: 7153276 - J Chromatogr. 1982 Nov 12;232(2):251-60 – reference: 14329229 - Arch Dermatol. 1965 Sep;92:252-6 – reference: 7167097 - Med Lav. 1982 Nov-Dec;73(6):571-4 – reference: 7428280 - Clin Sci (Lond). 1980 Jun;58(6):477-84 – reference: 7469493 - Arch Environ Health. 1981 Jan-Feb;36(1):5-11 – reference: 7138315 - Arch Neurol. 1982 Dec;39(12):744-9 – reference: 6277333 - Biochem Pharmacol. 1982 Jan 1;31(1):11-7 – reference: 6962630 - Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 1982;100:29-41 – reference: 7366128 - Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Feb 1;58(3):141-8 – reference: 4117946 - Br J Haematol. 1972 Nov;23(5):587-93 |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Biologic Indicators of Human Toxicity Biosynthesis Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury Chemical hazards Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Cogeneration Heme - biosynthesis Hepatic porphyria Humans Hydrocarbons, Halogenated - adverse effects Hydrocarbons, Halogenated - toxicity Liver Porphyria cutanea tarda Porphyrias Porphyrias - chemically induced Porphyrins Porphyrins - metabolism Porphyrins - urine Urine Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase - antagonists & inhibitors Uroporphyrins |
| Title | Effects of Polyhalogenated Aromatic Compounds on Porphyrin Metabolism |
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