Specification, stochastic modeling and analysis of interactive service robotic applications

Assistive robotic systems are quickly becoming a core technology for the service sector as they are understood capable of supporting people in need of assistance in a wide variety of tasks. This step poses a number of ethical and technological questions. The research community is wondering how servi...

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Vydáno v:Robotics and autonomous systems Ročník 163; s. 104387
Hlavní autoři: Lestingi, Livia, Zerla, Davide, Bersani, Marcello M., Rossi, Matteo
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier B.V 01.05.2023
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ISSN:0921-8890, 1872-793X
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Abstract Assistive robotic systems are quickly becoming a core technology for the service sector as they are understood capable of supporting people in need of assistance in a wide variety of tasks. This step poses a number of ethical and technological questions. The research community is wondering how service robotics can be a step forward in human care and aid, and how robotics applications can be realized in order to put the human role at the forefront. Therefore, there is a growing demand for frameworks supporting robotic application designers in a “human-aware” development process. This paper presents a model-driven framework for analyzing and developing human–robot interactive scenarios in non-industrial settings with significant sources of uncertainty. The framework’s core is a formal model of the agents at play – the humans and the robot – and the robot’s mission, which is then put through verification to estimate the probability of completing the mission. The model captures non-trivial features related to human behavior, specifically the unpredictability of human choices and physiological aspects tied to their state of health. To foster the framework’s accessibility, we present a verification tool-agnostic Domain-Specific Language that allows designers lacking expertise in formal modeling to configure the interactive scenarios in a user-friendly manner. We compare the formal analysis outputs with results obtained by deploying benchmark scenarios in the physical environment with a real mobile robot to assess whether the formal model adheres to reality and whether the verification results are accurate. The entire development pipeline is then tested on several scenarios from the healthcare setting to assess its flexibility and effectiveness in the application design process. •Design of scenarios where robots and humans interact closely.•Model-driven framework to design, deploy, and reconfigure scenarios.•Extensive coverage of realistic healthcare use cases.•Reliable estimations of quality metrics of the scenario.
AbstractList Assistive robotic systems are quickly becoming a core technology for the service sector as they are understood capable of supporting people in need of assistance in a wide variety of tasks. This step poses a number of ethical and technological questions. The research community is wondering how service robotics can be a step forward in human care and aid, and how robotics applications can be realized in order to put the human role at the forefront. Therefore, there is a growing demand for frameworks supporting robotic application designers in a “human-aware” development process. This paper presents a model-driven framework for analyzing and developing human–robot interactive scenarios in non-industrial settings with significant sources of uncertainty. The framework’s core is a formal model of the agents at play – the humans and the robot – and the robot’s mission, which is then put through verification to estimate the probability of completing the mission. The model captures non-trivial features related to human behavior, specifically the unpredictability of human choices and physiological aspects tied to their state of health. To foster the framework’s accessibility, we present a verification tool-agnostic Domain-Specific Language that allows designers lacking expertise in formal modeling to configure the interactive scenarios in a user-friendly manner. We compare the formal analysis outputs with results obtained by deploying benchmark scenarios in the physical environment with a real mobile robot to assess whether the formal model adheres to reality and whether the verification results are accurate. The entire development pipeline is then tested on several scenarios from the healthcare setting to assess its flexibility and effectiveness in the application design process. •Design of scenarios where robots and humans interact closely.•Model-driven framework to design, deploy, and reconfigure scenarios.•Extensive coverage of realistic healthcare use cases.•Reliable estimations of quality metrics of the scenario.
ArticleNumber 104387
Author Lestingi, Livia
Bersani, Marcello M.
Zerla, Davide
Rossi, Matteo
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  givenname: Matteo
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  email: matteo.rossi@polimi.it
  organization: Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Privata Giuseppe La Masa 1, 20156 Milan, Italy
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crossref_primary_10_3390_app14030977
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_robot_2024_104648
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11227_023_05483_x
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCYB_2025_3555104
crossref_primary_10_1145_3625563
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Keywords Formal methods for robotics
Model-driven engineering
Domain-specific languages for robotics
Stochastic hybrid automata
Statistical model-checking
Models of human behavior
Service robotics
Human–robot interaction
Language English
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Snippet Assistive robotic systems are quickly becoming a core technology for the service sector as they are understood capable of supporting people in need of...
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StartPage 104387
SubjectTerms Domain-specific languages for robotics
Formal methods for robotics
Human–robot interaction
Model-driven engineering
Models of human behavior
Service robotics
Statistical model-checking
Stochastic hybrid automata
Title Specification, stochastic modeling and analysis of interactive service robotic applications
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2023.104387
Volume 163
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