Training medical students and residents in the use of electronic health records: a systematic review of the literature

Our objectives were to identify educational interventions designed to equip medical students or residents with knowledge or skills related to various uses of electronic health records (EHRs), summarize and synthesize the results of formal evaluations of these initiatives, and compare the aims of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Vol. 27; no. 1; p. 175
Main Authors: Rajaram, Akshay, Hickey, Zachary, Patel, Nimesh, Newbigging, Joseph, Wolfrom, Brent
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.01.2020
Subjects:
Curriculum
Electronic Health Records
Inservice Training - methods
Internship and Residency
Medical Informatics - education
Professional Competence
Students, Medical
Teaching
resident physicians
training
electronic medical records
electronic health records
medical students
ISSN:1527-974X, 1527-974X
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Summary:Our objectives were to identify educational interventions designed to equip medical students or residents with knowledge or skills related to various uses of electronic health records (EHRs), summarize and synthesize the results of formal evaluations of these initiatives, and compare the aims of these initiatives with the prescribed EHR-specific competencies for undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. We conducted a systematic review of the literature following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses) guidelines. We searched for English-language, peer-reviewed studies across 6 databases using a combination of Medical Subject Headings and keywords. We summarized the quantitative and qualitative results of included studies and rated studies according to the Best Evidence in Medical Education system. Our search yielded 619 citations, of which 11 studies were included. Seven studies involved medical students, 3 studies involved residents, and 1 study involved both groups. All interventions used a practical component involving entering information into a simulated or prototypical EHR. None of the interventions involved extracting, aggregating, or visualizing clinical data for panels of patients or specific populations. This review reveals few high-quality initiatives focused on training learners to engage with EHRs for both individual patient care and population health improvement. In comparing these interventions with the broad set of electronic records competencies expected of matriculating physicians, critical gaps in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education remain. With the increasing adoption of EHRs and rise of competency-based medical education, educators should address the gaps in the training of future physicians to better prepare them to provide high quality care for their patients and communities.
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ISSN:1527-974X
1527-974X
DOI:10.1093/jamia/ocz178