Impact of sea surface temperature anomalies in the East China Sea and western subtropical pacific on the august 2021 Northern Kyushu heavy precipitation

The effects of extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) heterogeneity on various atmospheric phenomena have received much attention recently. In this study, the effects of SST anomalies on heavy precipitation that occurred in northern Kyushu Island, Japan, in August 2021 are investigated with a c...

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Vydané v:Journal of oceanography Ročník 81; číslo 3; s. 247 - 260
Hlavní autori: Manda, Atsuyoshi, Sakagami, Terunobu, Nonaka, Masami, Nakamura, Hisashi, Moteki, Qoosaku, Iizuka, Satoshi
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01.06.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:
Air
Anomalies
Atmospheric boundary layer
Boundary layers
Climate science
Convection
Cyclones
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Experiments
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Heat flux
Heat transfer
Heterogeneity
Influence
Oceanography
Precipitation
Radiation
Rain
Sea surface temperature
Simulation
Special Section: Original Article
Static stability
Temperature anomalies
Vertical shear
Vertical stability
Winds
Japan
Atmospheric boundary layer
Heavy precipitation
Convection
Cool water
ISSN:0916-8370, 1573-868X
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Popis
Shrnutí:The effects of extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) heterogeneity on various atmospheric phenomena have received much attention recently. In this study, the effects of SST anomalies on heavy precipitation that occurred in northern Kyushu Island, Japan, in August 2021 are investigated with a convection–permitting regional atmospheric model. The mid–August SST anomalies are found to provide the following favorable conditions for the intense precipitation. Mesoscale cyclones and associated moisture fluxes intensified over a warm SST anomaly in the northern East China Sea (ECS). The vertical shear of horizontal winds also intensified over a pair of warm and cool SST anomalies in the eastern ECS. The SST anomaly in the western subtropical North Pacific affected the static stability of the air parcels entering the precipitation area. The air parcels became more unstable even though they passed over the cool SST anomalies south of the precipitation area. This seemingly counterintuitive result can be explained by the stability of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the height of the air parcels. The less unstable ABL over the cool SST anomaly kept the air parcels at lower altitudes, and thus they tended to be more susceptible to the influence of heat fluxes from the sea surface and, therefore, becoming more unstable. The results of this study thus provide new insight into the role of the complex SST distribution during heavy precipitation events in extratropics, suggesting the need for further studies to deepen our understanding of the atmospheric responses to the extratropical SST.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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content type line 14
ISSN:0916-8370
1573-868X
DOI:10.1007/s10872-025-00754-y