Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil
Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yiel...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of immunology (1950) Jg. 208; H. 10; S. 2267 |
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| Sprache: | Englisch |
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15.05.2022
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| Abstract | Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity. |
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| AbstractList | Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity. Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity.Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity. |
| Author | Wragg, Kathleen M Tan, Hyon-Xhi Juno, Jennifer A Esterbauer, Robyn van de Sandt, Carolien E Kelly, Hannah G McMahon, James H Kedzierska, Katherine Wheatley, Adam K Flanagan, Katie L Lau, Jillian S Y Kent, Stephen J Dixon, Benjamin J |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hyon-Xhi surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Hyon-Xhi organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Kathleen M surname: Wragg fullname: Wragg, Kathleen M organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Hannah G surname: Kelly fullname: Kelly, Hannah G organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: Robyn surname: Esterbauer fullname: Esterbauer, Robyn organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 5 givenname: Benjamin J orcidid: 0000-0002-8004-717X surname: Dixon fullname: Dixon, Benjamin J organization: Head and Neck Surgery, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 6 givenname: Jillian S Y orcidid: 0000-0002-6797-4307 surname: Lau fullname: Lau, Jillian S Y organization: Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 7 givenname: Katie L orcidid: 0000-0002-1575-1953 surname: Flanagan fullname: Flanagan, Katie L organization: Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Clifford Craig Foundation, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia – sequence: 8 givenname: Carolien E orcidid: 0000-0002-4155-7433 surname: van de Sandt fullname: van de Sandt, Carolien E organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 9 givenname: Katherine orcidid: 0000-0001-6141-335X surname: Kedzierska fullname: Kedzierska, Katherine organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 10 givenname: James H orcidid: 0000-0003-1460-5572 surname: McMahon fullname: McMahon, James H organization: Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia – sequence: 11 givenname: Adam K surname: Wheatley fullname: Wheatley, Adam K email: skent@unimelb.edu.au, a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au, jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; skent@unimelb.edu.au a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au – sequence: 12 givenname: Jennifer A orcidid: 0000-0002-9072-1017 surname: Juno fullname: Juno, Jennifer A email: skent@unimelb.edu.au, a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au, jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; skent@unimelb.edu.au a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au – sequence: 13 givenname: Stephen J orcidid: 0000-0002-8539-4891 surname: Kent fullname: Kent, Stephen J email: skent@unimelb.edu.au, a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au, jennifer.juno@unimelb.edu.au organization: Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
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| Title | Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil |
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