Influence of Battery Energy Storage Systems on Transmission Grid Operation With a Significant Share of Variable Renewable Energy Sources

The generation mix of Portugal now contains a significant amount of variable renewable energy sources (RES) and the amount of RES is expected to grow substantially. This has led to concerns being raised regarding the security of the supply of the Portuguese electric system as well as concerns relati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE systems journal Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 1508 - 1519
Main Authors: Santos, Sergio F., Gough, Matthew, Fitiwi, Desta Z., Silva, Andre F. P., Shafie-Khah, Miadreza, Catalao, Joao P. S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 01.03.2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs)
Economics
Energy resources
Energy storage
Flexibility
Inertia
Integer programming
Linear programming
Mixed integer
Optimization
Power system reliability
Power system stability
Power transmission lines
Renewable energy sources
renewable energy sources (RES)
Renewable resources
stochastic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP)
Stochastic processes
Storage systems
system inertia
system nonsynchronous penetration (SNSP)
transmission grid operation
ISSN:1932-8184, 1937-9234
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The generation mix of Portugal now contains a significant amount of variable renewable energy sources (RES) and the amount of RES is expected to grow substantially. This has led to concerns being raised regarding the security of the supply of the Portuguese electric system as well as concerns relating to system inertia. Deploying and efficiently using various flexibility options is proposed as a solution to these concerns. Among these flexibility options proposed is the use of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) as well as relaxing system inertia constraints such as the system nonsynchronous penetration (SNSP). This article proposes a stochastic mixed-integer linear programming problem formulation, which examines the effects of deploying BESS in a power system. The model is deployed on a real-world test case and results show that the optimal use of BESS can reduce system costs by as much as 10% relative to a baseline scenario and the costs are reduced further when the SNSP constraint is relaxed. The amount of RES curtailment is also reduced with the increased flexibility of the power system through the use of BESS. Thus, the efficiency of the Portuguese transmission system is greatly increased by the use of flexibility measures, primarily the use of BESS.
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ISSN:1932-8184
1937-9234
DOI:10.1109/JSYST.2021.3055118