Identifying potential gray wolf habitat and connectivity in the eastern USA
Following federal protection in 1974, gray wolves (Canis lupus) partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, USA, yet remain absent from most of the eastern USA. Understanding potential for further recolonization requires quantifying remaining wolf habitat and habitat connec...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Biological conservation Jg. 273; S. 109708 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Elsevier Ltd
01.09.2022
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| ISSN: | 0006-3207, 1873-2917 |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Abstract | Following federal protection in 1974, gray wolves (Canis lupus) partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, USA, yet remain absent from most of the eastern USA. Understanding potential for further recolonization requires quantifying remaining wolf habitat and habitat connectivity. We used recent snow tracking data from the western Great Lakes region to create an ensemble distribution model to estimate areas of habitat large enough to support gray wolf populations in the eastern USA. We then modeled cost-weighted distances between these areas and circuit connectivity to identify potential linkages. Our final distribution model had good performance (Receiver Operator Characteristic = 0.87) and suggests wolves selected against areas with greater human population densities and proportions of agricultural land. Gray wolves currently occupy about 4 % of their historical range in the eastern USA, which represents 12 % of the area estimated to remain suitable. We estimated 35 % of former range is currently suitable for wolves, and 18 % of these suitable areas are protected, mostly under state and federal jurisdictions. We identified five unoccupied areas where wolves could establish viable populations ranging from 18,110 to 725,488 km2. Connectivity between these areas and current wolf range is limited primarily by the Great Lakes and extensive agriculture in the Midwest USA. Most core habitat areas and priority linkages cross state or country borders, highlighting the importance of interjurisdictional cooperation. Our estimates of remaining suitable range and the potential for recolonization provide a baseline for the development of policies on gray wolf conservation in the eastern USA.
•About 65 % of gray wolf historical range in the eastern USA is now unsuitable.•Wolves selected against areas with high human and agriculture densities.•Five areas that could support wolf populations remain, but connectivity is limited.•Proportions of protected area are higher in occupied than in potential wolf range.•Human tolerance is likely crucial to further wolf recolonization or reintroduction. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Following federal protection in 1974, gray wolves (Canis lupus) partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, USA, yet remain absent from most of the eastern USA. Understanding potential for further recolonization requires quantifying remaining wolf habitat and habitat connectivity. We used recent snow tracking data from the western Great Lakes region to create an ensemble distribution model to estimate areas of habitat large enough to support gray wolf populations in the eastern USA. We then modeled cost-weighted distances between these areas and circuit connectivity to identify potential linkages. Our final distribution model had good performance (Receiver Operator Characteristic = 0.87) and suggests wolves selected against areas with greater human population densities and proportions of agricultural land. Gray wolves currently occupy about 4 % of their historical range in the eastern USA, which represents 12 % of the area estimated to remain suitable. We estimated 35 % of former range is currently suitable for wolves, and 18 % of these suitable areas are protected, mostly under state and federal jurisdictions. We identified five unoccupied areas where wolves could establish viable populations ranging from 18,110 to 725,488 km2. Connectivity between these areas and current wolf range is limited primarily by the Great Lakes and extensive agriculture in the Midwest USA. Most core habitat areas and priority linkages cross state or country borders, highlighting the importance of interjurisdictional cooperation. Our estimates of remaining suitable range and the potential for recolonization provide a baseline for the development of policies on gray wolf conservation in the eastern USA.
•About 65 % of gray wolf historical range in the eastern USA is now unsuitable.•Wolves selected against areas with high human and agriculture densities.•Five areas that could support wolf populations remain, but connectivity is limited.•Proportions of protected area are higher in occupied than in potential wolf range.•Human tolerance is likely crucial to further wolf recolonization or reintroduction. Following federal protection in 1974, gray wolves (Canis lupus) partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, USA, yet remain absent from most of the eastern USA. Understanding potential for further recolonization requires quantifying remaining wolf habitat and habitat connectivity. We used recent snow tracking data from the western Great Lakes region to create an ensemble distribution model to estimate areas of habitat large enough to support gray wolf populations in the eastern USA. We then modeled cost-weighted distances between these areas and circuit connectivity to identify potential linkages. Our final distribution model had good performance (Receiver Operator Characteristic = 0.87) and suggests wolves selected against areas with greater human population densities and proportions of agricultural land. Gray wolves currently occupy about 4 % of their historical range in the eastern USA, which represents 12 % of the area estimated to remain suitable. We estimated 35 % of former range is currently suitable for wolves, and 18 % of these suitable areas are protected, mostly under state and federal jurisdictions. We identified five unoccupied areas where wolves could establish viable populations ranging from 18,110 to 725,488 km². Connectivity between these areas and current wolf range is limited primarily by the Great Lakes and extensive agriculture in the Midwest USA. Most core habitat areas and priority linkages cross state or country borders, highlighting the importance of interjurisdictional cooperation. Our estimates of remaining suitable range and the potential for recolonization provide a baseline for the development of policies on gray wolf conservation in the eastern USA. |
| ArticleNumber | 109708 |
| Author | Kellner, K.F. Erb, J.D. Norton, D.C. Roell, B.J. Gantchoff, M.G. Beyer, D.E. MacFarland, D.M. Belant, J.L. van den Bosch, M. Patterson, B.R. Price Tack, J.L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. surname: van den Bosch fullname: van den Bosch, M. email: merijnvdb@gmail.com organization: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: D.E. surname: Beyer fullname: Beyer, D.E. organization: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: J.D. surname: Erb fullname: Erb, J.D. organization: Forest Wildlife Populations and Research Group, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: M.G. surname: Gantchoff fullname: Gantchoff, M.G. organization: Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: K.F. surname: Kellner fullname: Kellner, K.F. organization: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: D.M. surname: MacFarland fullname: MacFarland, D.M. organization: Office of Applied Science, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: D.C. surname: Norton fullname: Norton, D.C. organization: Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, MI 49855, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: B.R. surname: Patterson fullname: Patterson, B.R. organization: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Wildlife Research and Development Section, Trent University, DNA Building, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada – sequence: 9 givenname: J.L. surname: Price Tack fullname: Price Tack, J.L. organization: Office of Applied Science, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: B.J. surname: Roell fullname: Roell, B.J. organization: Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, MI 49855, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: J.L. surname: Belant fullname: Belant, J.L. organization: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA |
| BookMark | eNqFkDtPAzEQhC0EEkngH1C4pLmw9r0pkFDES0SiAGrLZ-8RRxc72E5Q_j13OioKqHZnNTMrfVNybJ1FQi4YzBmw4mo9b4xTzs45cN6f6hKqIzJhVZkmvGblMZkAQJGkHMpTMg1h3csyLfIJeX7SaKNpD8Z-0K2Lg5Ad_fDyQL9c19KVbEyUkUqraf_Coopmb-KBGkvjCinKENFb-v56e0ZOWtkFPP-ZM_J-f_e2eEyWLw9Pi9tlotK0jkkGuc6Q1agrVbUIueSQI2vqVvNSNlLWPGOAGoBD1fZbzjUWGVZQFm3dpOmMXI69W-8-dxii2JigsOukRbcLgpesSnnF6sGajVblXQgeW7H1ZiP9QTAQAzuxFiM7MbATI7s-dv0rpgYIxtnopen-C9-MYewZ7A16EZRBq1Ab39MT2pm_C74BuKOO7A |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_d17020115 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eiar_2024_107721 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00267_024_01941_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13280_025_02165_1 crossref_primary_10_1093_biosci_biad053 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_47815_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10113_024_02288_3 crossref_primary_10_1111_ddi_13789 crossref_primary_10_1002_ecs2_70218 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_60764_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecolind_2023_110936 crossref_primary_10_1656_045_030_0108 crossref_primary_10_1111_csp2_70142 crossref_primary_10_1093_beheco_araf091 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biocon_2024_110489 crossref_primary_10_1002_ecs2_4630 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153973 10.1098/rstb.2011.0120 10.1126/science.347.6220.382-b 10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108352 10.1111/conl.12635 10.5962/p.363480 10.1126/science.1241484 10.1371/journal.pone.0124698 10.3390/ani3030722 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00241.x 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109144 10.1111/1365-2664.14090 10.1111/conl.12072 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01000.x 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00792.x 10.1002/ece3.8084 10.1126/science.1252690 10.1111/1365-2656.12366 10.1017/S1367943001001408 10.1111/ddi.12742 10.1002/ecs2.3938 10.1126/science.1257553 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00189.x 10.1098/rsos.170052 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00193.x 10.1656/045.027.0410 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00059.x 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0050:TPOWPP]2.0.CO;2 10.1017/S0030605314001227 10.1007/s10980-016-0387-5 10.1111/j.1526-100X.1995.tb00072.x 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00491.x 10.1371/journal.pone.0101798 10.7717/peerj.8262 10.1002/jwmg.718 10.1111/mam.12067 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05742.x 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01214.x 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.06.025 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108752 10.2307/3802259 10.1525/bio.2009.59.11.11 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.12.007 10.1002/wsb.1166 10.1098/rsos.160252 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x 10.22621/cfn.v133i1.2078 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00172.x 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.12.021 10.1002/ece3.8875 10.1002/jwmg.515 10.1111/conl.12141 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00265-8 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2022 Elsevier Ltd |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2022 Elsevier Ltd |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7S9 L.6 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | AGRICOLA |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Agriculture Biology Ecology |
| EISSN | 1873-2917 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_biocon_2022_109708 S0006320722002610 |
| GeographicLocations | Midwestern United States Eastern United States |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Eastern United States – name: Midwestern United States |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M -~X .~1 0R~ 1B1 1RT 1~. 1~5 23N 4.4 42X 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5VS 6TJ 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM AABNK AABVA AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALCJ AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AATLK AAXUO ABFNM ABFYP ABGRD ABLJU ABLST ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACIUM ACNCT ACRLP ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD ADQTV AEBSH AEKER AENEX AEQOU AFFNX AFKWA AFMIJ AFTJW AFXIZ AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHEUO AHHHB AI. AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AKIFW ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKOJK BLECG BLXMC CBWCG CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HLV HMC HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W K-O KCYFY KOM LW9 LY9 M41 MO0 MVM N9A NEJ O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SAB SCC SCU SDF SDG SDP SEN SES SEW SPCBC SSA SSJ SSZ T5K TN5 TWZ VH1 WH7 WUQ XJT Y6R ~02 ~G- ~KM 9DU AAHBH AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABJNI ABUFD ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO ADXHL AEGFY AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS ~HD 7S9 L.6 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c339t-405d4e19ed8c8fe05a205e1b9fd27abaa92410ed00208f10e52de64e8076f9b33 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 15 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000854345000002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0006-3207 |
| IngestDate | Sun Sep 28 08:28:20 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:25:14 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:29:40 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:38:35 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Corridor Connectivity Recolonization Gray wolf Carnivore Distribution |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c339t-405d4e19ed8c8fe05a205e1b9fd27abaa92410ed00208f10e52de64e8076f9b33 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 2718328193 |
| PQPubID | 24069 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2718328193 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biocon_2022_109708 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_biocon_2022_109708 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_biocon_2022_109708 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | September 2022 2022-09-00 20220901 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2022 text: September 2022 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | Biological conservation |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
| References | Boudreau, Gantchoff, Ramirez-Reyes, Conlee, Belant, Iglay (bb0035) 2022; 59 Wielgus (bb0395) 2002; 106 Van Der Veken, Van Den Berge, Gouwy, Berlengee, Schamp (bb0390) 2021; 64 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (bb0375) 2009 Fritts, Carbyn (bb0105) 1995; 3 Gallo, Greene (bb0115) 2018 Treves, Martin, Wiedenhoeft, Wydeven (bb0350) 2009 Jędrzejewski, Jędrzejewska, Zawadzka, Borowik, Nowak, Mysłajek (bb0180) 2008; 11 Hinton, Chamberlain, Rabon (bb0165) 2013; 3 Olson, Stenglein, Shelley, Rissman, Browne-Nuñez, Voyles, Van Deelen (bb0270) 2015; 8 Treves, Karanth (bb0345) 2003; 17 Homer, Colditz, Latifovic, Llamas, Pouliot, Danielson, Vulpescu (bb0170) 2017; Vol. 2017 Marmion, Parviainen, Luoto, Heikkinen, Thuiller (bb0205) 2009; 15 (bb0210) 2007 Hanberry (bb0145) 2021; 11 Hunt, Boxall, Englin, Haider (bb0175) 2005; 53 Keeley, Beier, Gagnon (bb0190) 2016; 31 Slagle, Zajac, Bruskotter, Wilson, Prange (bb0305) 2013; 77 Linnell, Swenson, Anderson (bb0200) 2001; 4 Newsome, Boitani, Chapron, Ciucci, Dickman, Dellinger, Ripple (bb0255) 2016; 46 Orning, Romanski, Moore, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Hart, Belant (bb0275) 2020; 27 Crooks, Burdett, Theobald, King, Di Marco, Rondinini, Boitani (bb1000) 2017; 114 (bb0235) 2008 Recio, Singer, Wabakken, Sand (bb0285) 2020; 251 Woodroffe (bb0410) 2000; 3 Crooks, Burdett, Theobald, Rondinini, Boitani (bb0055) 2011; 366 Erb, Sampson (bb0095) 2013 Allouche, Tsoar, Kadmon (bb0005) 2006; 43 Mladenoff, Clayton, Pratt, Sickley, Wydeven (bb0245) 2009 Fechter, Storch (bb0100) 2014; 9 Mladenoff, Sickley (bb0240) 1998; 62 Hanberry, Hanberry (bb0150) 2020; 8 Ripple, Estes, Beschta, Wilmers, Ritchie, Hebblewhite, Berger, Elmhagen, Letnic, Nelson, Wirsing (bb0295) 2014; 343 Araújo, Pearson, Thuiller, Erhard (bb0010) 2005; 11 Nowak (bb0260) 1995 Hemmingmoore, Aronsson, Åkesson, Persson, Andrén (bb0155) 2020; 242 Mech, Isbell, Krueger, Hart (bb0220) 2019; 133 Zeller, Jennings, Vickers, Ernest, Cushman, Boyce (bb0420) 2018; 24 Bergstrom, Vignieri, Sheffield, Sechrest, Carlson (bb0025) 2009; 59 Gompper, Belant, Kays (bb0130) 2015; 347 Gantchoff, Conlee, Belant (bb2000) 2022; 13 Guisan, Thuiller (bb0135) 2005; 8 Reinhardt, Kluth, Nowak, Szentiks, Krone, Ansorge, Mueller (bb0290) 2019; 12 U.S. Geological Survey Gap Analysis Project (bb0365) 2018 Boron, Tzanopoulos, Gallo, Barragan, Jaimes-Rodriguez, Schaller, Payán (bb0030) 2016; 11 Gable, Windels, Olson (bb0110) 2017 Mech, Boitani (bb0215) 2003 Ruid, Paul, Roell, Wydeven, Willging, Jurewicz, Lonsway (bb0300) 2009 McRae, Kavanagh (bb0225) 2011 McRae, Shah (bb0230) 2020 Smith, Nielsen, Hellgren (bb0315) 2016; 50 Bruskotter, Wilson (bb0040) 2014; 7 Wolf, Ripple (bb0405) 2017; 4 Musiani, Paquet (bb0250) 2004; 54 Barbet-Massin, Jiguet, Albert, Thuiller (bb0015) 2012; 3 Chapron, Kaczensky, Linnell, von Arx, Huber, Andrén, López-Bao, Adamec, Álvares, Anders, D, Boitani (bb0045) 2014; 346 (bb0065) 2022 (bb0360) 1996 Wolf, Ripple (bb0400) 2016; 3 Elith, Ferrier, Huettmann, Leathwick (bb0080) 2005; 186 (bb0050) 2020 Environment Canada (bb0090) 2020 Gantchoff, Erb, MacFarland, Norton, Price Tack, Roell, Belant (bb0125) 2021; 257 Olson, Goethlich, Goudos-Weisbecker (bb0265) 2021; 45 Darimont, Paquet (bb0060) 2002; 116 Gantchoff, Conlee, Belant (bb0120) 2020; 21 Thuiller, Lafourcade, Engler, Araújo (bb0335) 2009; 32 Kantar, Cumberland (bb0185) 2013; 49 Smith, Nielsen, Hellgren (bb0310) 2014; 78 Stauffer, Roberts, MacFarland, van Deelen (bb0320) 2020 Treves, Bruskotter (bb0340) 2014; 344 (bb0385) 2020; 85 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (bb0370) 1992 Ellis, Klein Goldewijk, Siebert, Lightman, Ramankutty (bb0085) 2010; 19 Bassi, Willis, Passilongo, Mattioli, Apollonio (bb0020) 2015; 10 DelGiudice, McCaffery, Beyer, Nelson (bb0070) 2009 Wydeven, Fuller, Weber, MacDonald (bb0415) 1998; 26 Hill, Boone, Gantchoff, Kautz, Kellner, Orning, Parchizadeh, Petroelje, Wehr, Finnegan, Fowler, Belant (bb0160) 2022; 12 Thiel, Hall, Heilhecker, Wydeven (bb0330) 2009 Treves, Naughton-Treves, Harper, Mladenoff, Rose, Sickley, Wydeven (bb0355) 2004; 18 Guisan, Thuiller, Zimmermann (bb0140) 2017 Department of Natural Resources (bb0075) 2021 Core Team (bb0280) 2020 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (bb0380) 2020 Kittle, Anderson, Avgar, Baker, Brown, Hagens, Iwachewski, Mofatt, Mosser, Patterson, Douglas, Fryxell (bb0195) 2015; 84 Stricker, Gehring, Donner, Petroelje (bb0325) 2019; 397 Bruskotter (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0040) 2014; 7 (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0050) 2020 Elith (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0080) 2005; 186 Guisan (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0140) 2017 Department of Natural Resources (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0075) Wolf (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0400) 2016; 3 Bassi (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0020) 2015; 10 Orning (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0275) 2020; 27 Darimont (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0060) 2002; 116 Treves (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0340) 2014; 344 Wydeven (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0415) 1998; 26 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0370) 1992 Hemmingmoore (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0155) 2020; 242 Van Der Veken (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0390) 2021; 64 Reinhardt (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0290) 2019; 12 Ellis (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0085) 2010; 19 Homer (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0170) 2017; Vol. 2017 Mech (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0220) 2019; 133 Core Team (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0280) 2020 Gable (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0110) 2017 (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0360) 1996 Hinton (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0165) 2013; 3 Mladenoff (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0240) 1998; 62 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0380) 2020 Crooks (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb1000) 2017; 114 Olson (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0270) 2015; 8 Smith (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0310) 2014; 78 Stauffer (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0320) 2020 McRae (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0225) 2011 Nowak (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0260) 1995 Environment Canada (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0090) 2020 Hanberry (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0150) 2020; 8 Thiel (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0330) 2009 Guisan (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0135) 2005; 8 Crooks (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0055) 2011; 366 Erb (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0095) 2013 Musiani (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0250) 2004; 54 Wolf (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0405) 2017; 4 Gantchoff (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0125) 2021; 257 Slagle (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0305) 2013; 77 Gantchoff (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0120) 2020; 21 DelGiudice (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0070) 2009 Keeley (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0190) 2016; 31 Smith (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0315) 2016; 50 Fechter (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0100) 2014; 9 Treves (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0350) 2009 Wielgus (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0395) 2002; 106 Kantar (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0185) 2013; 49 USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0375) 2009 Hunt (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0175) 2005; 53 Fritts (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0105) 1995; 3 McRae (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0230) 2020 Treves (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0355) 2004; 18 Jędrzejewski (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0180) 2008; 11 Recio (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0285) 2020; 251 Stricker (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0325) 2019; 397 Gantchoff (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb2000) 2022; 13 Kittle (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0195) 2015; 84 Marmion (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0205) 2009; 15 U.S. Geological Survey Gap Analysis Project (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0365) 2018 Boudreau (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0035) 2022; 59 (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0210) 2007 (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0385) 2020; 85 Hill (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0160) 2022; 12 Mech (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0215) 2003 Allouche (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0005) 2006; 43 Boron (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0030) 2016; 11 Bergstrom (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0025) 2009; 59 Ripple (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0295) 2014; 343 Hanberry (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0145) 2021; 11 Olson (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0265) 2021; 45 Chapron (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0045) 2014; 346 Treves (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0345) 2003; 17 Mladenoff (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0245) 2009 Newsome (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0255) 2016; 46 Araújo (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0010) 2005; 11 Gallo (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0115) 2018 Zeller (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0420) 2018; 24 Ruid (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0300) 2009 Barbet-Massin (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0015) 2012; 3 Linnell (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0200) 2001; 4 Thuiller (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0335) 2009; 32 Woodroffe (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0410) 2000; 3 Gompper (10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0130) 2015; 347 |
| References_xml | – year: 2009 ident: bb0375 article-title: Threatened and Endangered Species System: Delisting Report – year: 2017 ident: bb0110 article-title: Estimates of White-tailed Deer Density in Voyageurs National Park: 1989-2016. NPS/VOYA/NRR—2017/1427 – volume: 347 start-page: 382 year: 2015 end-page: 383 ident: bb0130 article-title: Carnivore coexistence: America’s recovery publication-title: Science – volume: 43 start-page: 1223 year: 2006 end-page: 1232 ident: bb0005 article-title: Assessing the accuracy of species distribution models: prevalence, kappa and the true skill statistic (TSS) publication-title: J. Appl. Ecol. – volume: 49 start-page: 29 year: 2013 end-page: 37 ident: bb0185 article-title: Using a double-count aerial survey to estimate moose abundance in Maine publication-title: Alces – volume: 344 start-page: 476 year: 2014 end-page: 477 ident: bb0340 article-title: Tolerance for predatory wildlife publication-title: Science – year: 2020 ident: bb0230 article-title: Circuitscape user’s guide – volume: 12 year: 2019 ident: bb0290 article-title: Military training areas facilitate the recolonization of wolves in Germany publication-title: Conserv. Lett. – volume: 50 start-page: 555 year: 2016 end-page: 564 ident: bb0315 article-title: Suitable habitat for recolonizing large carnivores in the midwestern USA publication-title: Oryx – year: 2018 ident: bb0365 article-title: Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US) – year: 2020 ident: bb0320 article-title: Evaluation of Alternative Methods for Estimating Wolf Abundance in Wisconsin, USA – volume: 12 year: 2022 ident: bb0160 article-title: Quantifying anthropogenic wolf mortality in relation to hunting regulations and landscape attributes across North America publication-title: Ecol. Evol. – volume: 3 year: 2012 ident: bb0015 article-title: Selecting pseudo-absences for species distribution models: how, where and how many? publication-title: Methods Ecol. Evol. – year: 2008 ident: bb0235 article-title: Estimating wolf abundance in Michigan – start-page: 279 year: 2009 end-page: 295 ident: bb0300 article-title: Wolf–human conflicts and management in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan publication-title: Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States – volume: 59 start-page: 991 year: 2009 end-page: 999 ident: bb0025 article-title: The northern rocky mountain gray wolf is not yet recovered publication-title: BioSci. – volume: 21 year: 2020 ident: bb0120 article-title: Planning for carnivore recolonization by mapping sex-specific landscape connectivity publication-title: Glob. Ecol. Conserv. – year: 2021 ident: bb0075 article-title: Wisconsin gray wolf monitoring report 15 April 2020 through 14 April 2021 – volume: 8 start-page: 351 year: 2015 end-page: 360 ident: bb0270 article-title: Pendulum swings in wolf management led to conflict, illegal kills, and a legislated wolf hunt publication-title: Conserv. Lett. – volume: Vol. 2017 year: 2017 ident: bb0170 article-title: Developing a new North American land cover product at 30m resolution: methods, results and future plans publication-title: AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts – start-page: 61 year: 2017 end-page: 109 ident: bb0140 article-title: Environmental predictors: issues of processing and selection publication-title: Habitat Suitability and Distribution Models – volume: 186 start-page: 280 year: 2005 end-page: 289 ident: bb0080 article-title: The evaluation strip: a new and robust method for plotting predicted responses from species distribution models publication-title: Ecol. Model. – volume: 3 year: 2016 ident: bb0400 article-title: Prey depletion as a threat to the world's large carnivores publication-title: R. Soc. Open Sci. – volume: 54 start-page: 50 year: 2004 end-page: 60 ident: bb0250 article-title: The practices of wolf persecution, protection, and restoration in Canada and the United States publication-title: Bioscience – year: 2018 ident: bb0115 article-title: Connectivity Analysis Software for Estimating Linkage Priority – year: 2007 ident: bb0210 article-title: Deer population management system and database – volume: 85 start-page: 69778 year: 2020 end-page: 69895 ident: bb0385 article-title: Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; removing the gray wolf (Canis lupus) from the list of endangered and threatened wildlife publication-title: Fed. Regist. – start-page: 375 year: 1995 end-page: 397 ident: bb0260 article-title: Another look at wolf taxonomy publication-title: Ecology and Conservation of Wolves in a Changing World – volume: 7 start-page: 158 year: 2014 end-page: 165 ident: bb0040 article-title: Determining where the wild things will be: using psychological theory to find tolerance for large carnivores publication-title: Conserv. Lett. – volume: 11 start-page: 13570 year: 2021 end-page: 13578 ident: bb0145 article-title: Addressing regional relationships between white-tailed deer densities and land classes publication-title: Ecol. Evol. – volume: 10 year: 2015 ident: bb0020 article-title: Predicting the spatial distribution of wolf (Canis lupus) breeding areas in a mountainous region of Central Italy publication-title: PloS one – volume: 397 start-page: 84 year: 2019 end-page: 94 ident: bb0325 article-title: Multi-scale habitat selection model assessing potential gray wolf den habitat and dispersal corridors in Michigan, USA publication-title: Ecol. Model. – volume: 26 start-page: 776 year: 1998 end-page: 784 ident: bb0415 article-title: The potential for wolf recovery in the northeastern United States via dispersal from southeastern Canada publication-title: Wildl. Soc. Bull. – start-page: 317 year: 2003 end-page: 341 ident: bb0215 article-title: Wolf social ecology publication-title: Wolves: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation – volume: 11 start-page: 1504 year: 2005 end-page: 1513 ident: bb0010 article-title: Validation of species-climate impact models under climate change publication-title: Glob. Chang. Biol. – volume: 32 start-page: 369 year: 2009 end-page: 373 ident: bb0335 article-title: BIOMOD - a platform for ensemble forecasting of species distributions publication-title: Ecography – year: 1996 ident: bb0360 article-title: USGS EROS Archive: Digital Elevation Global 30 Arc-second Elevation (GTOPO30) – volume: 78 start-page: 930 year: 2014 end-page: 943 ident: bb0310 article-title: Illinois resident attitudes toward recolonizing large carnivores publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. – volume: 17 start-page: 1491 year: 2003 end-page: 1499 ident: bb0345 article-title: Human-carnivore conflict and perspectives on carnivore management worldwide publication-title: Conserv. Biol. – volume: 24 start-page: 868 year: 2018 end-page: 879 ident: bb0420 article-title: Are all data types and connectivity models created equal? Validating common connectivity approaches with dispersal data publication-title: Divers. Distrib. – volume: 251 year: 2020 ident: bb0285 article-title: Agent-based models predict patterns and identify constraints of large carnivore recolonizations, a case study of wolves in Scandinavia publication-title: Biol. Conserv. – volume: 3 start-page: 165 year: 2000 end-page: 173 ident: bb0410 article-title: Predators and people: using human densities to interpret declines of large carnivores publication-title: Anim. Conserv. – volume: 346 start-page: 1517 year: 2014 end-page: 1519 ident: bb0045 article-title: Recovery of large carnivores in Europe’s modern human-dominated landscapes publication-title: Science – year: 2020 ident: bb0050 article-title: Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4.11): Population Density Adjusted to Match 2015 Revision of UN WPP Country Totals, Revision 11 – volume: 62 start-page: 1 year: 1998 end-page: 10 ident: bb0240 article-title: Assessing potential gray wolf restoration in the northeastern United States: a spatial prediction of favorable habitat and potential population levels publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. – volume: 3 start-page: 722 year: 2013 end-page: 744 ident: bb0165 article-title: Red wolf (Canis rufus) recovery: a review with suggestions for future research publication-title: Animals – volume: 15 start-page: 59 year: 2009 end-page: 69 ident: bb0205 article-title: Evaluation of consensus methods in predictive species distribution modelling publication-title: Divers. Distrib. – volume: 64 start-page: 45 year: 2021 end-page: 56 ident: bb0390 article-title: Diet of the first settled wolves (Canis lupus) in Flanders, Belgium publication-title: Lutra – year: 2022 ident: bb0065 article-title: Case 4:21-cv-00344-JSW, document 138 – volume: 114 start-page: 7635 year: 2017 end-page: 7640 ident: bb1000 article-title: Quantification of habitat fragmentation reveals extinction risk in terrestrial mammals publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. – volume: 4 start-page: 345 year: 2001 end-page: 349 ident: bb0200 article-title: Predators and people: conservation of large carnivores is possible at high human densities if management policy is favourable publication-title: Anim. Conserv. – volume: 84 start-page: 1177 year: 2015 end-page: 1186 ident: bb0195 article-title: Wolves adapt territory size, not pack size to local habitat quality publication-title: J. Anim. Ecol. – start-page: 119 year: 2009 end-page: 138 ident: bb0245 article-title: Change in occupied wolf habitat in the northern Great Lakes region publication-title: Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States – volume: 343 year: 2014 ident: bb0295 article-title: Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores publication-title: Science – start-page: 107 year: 2009 end-page: 117 ident: bb0330 article-title: An isolated wolf population in central Wisconsin publication-title: Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States – volume: 3 start-page: 26 year: 1995 end-page: 38 ident: bb0105 article-title: Population viability, nature reserves, and the outlook for gray wolf conservation in North America publication-title: Restor. Ecol. – volume: 242 year: 2020 ident: bb0155 article-title: Evaluating habitat suitability and connectivity for a recolonizing large carnivore publication-title: Biol. Conserv. – volume: 46 start-page: 255 year: 2016 end-page: 269 ident: bb0255 article-title: Food habits of the world's grey wolves publication-title: Mamm. Rev. – volume: 11 start-page: 377 year: 2008 end-page: 390 ident: bb0180 article-title: Habitat suitability model for polish wolves based on long-term national census publication-title: Anim. Conserv. – volume: 4 year: 2017 ident: bb0405 article-title: Range contractions of the world’s large carnivores publication-title: R. Soc. Open Sci. – volume: 13 year: 2022 ident: bb2000 article-title: The effectiveness of opportunistic public reports versus professional data to estimate large carnivore distribution publication-title: Ecosphere – volume: 8 year: 2020 ident: bb0150 article-title: Rapid digitization to reclaim thematic maps of white-tailed deer density from 1982 and 2003 in the conterminous US publication-title: PeerJ – volume: 59 start-page: 757 year: 2022 end-page: 767 ident: bb0035 article-title: Using habitat suitability and landscape connectivity in the spatial prioritization of public outreach and management during carnivore recolonization publication-title: J. Appl. Ecol. – volume: 106 start-page: 381 year: 2002 end-page: 388 ident: bb0395 article-title: Minimum viable population and reserve sizes for naturally regulated grizzly bears in British Columbia publication-title: Biol. Conserv. – volume: 116 start-page: 416 year: 2002 end-page: 422 ident: bb0060 article-title: Gray wolves, Canis lupus, of British Columbia's central and north coast: distribution and conservation assessment publication-title: Can. Field-Nat. – volume: 45 start-page: 191 year: 2021 end-page: 201 ident: bb0265 article-title: Attitudes towards a transient carnivore prior to recolonization publication-title: Wildl. Soc. Bull. – year: 2020 ident: bb0280 article-title: R: a language and environment for statistical computing – year: 1992 ident: bb0370 article-title: Recovery Plan for the Eastern Timber Wolf. Twin Cities, Minnesota – volume: 366 start-page: 2642 year: 2011 end-page: 2651 ident: bb0055 article-title: Global patterns of fragmentation and connectivity of mammalian carnivore habitat publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. – year: 2020 ident: bb0380 article-title: Gray Wolf Biological Report: Information on the Species in the Lower 48 United States – volume: 53 start-page: 101 year: 2005 end-page: 113 ident: bb0175 article-title: Remote tourism and forest management: a spatial hedonic analysis publication-title: Ecol. Econ. – year: 2011 ident: bb0225 article-title: Linkage mapper connectivity analysis software – volume: 31 start-page: 2151 year: 2016 end-page: 2162 ident: bb0190 article-title: Estimating landscape resistance from habitat suitability: effects of data source and nonlinearities publication-title: Landsc. Ecol. – volume: 19 start-page: 589 year: 2010 end-page: 606 ident: bb0085 article-title: Anthropogenic transformation of the biomes, 1700 to 2000 publication-title: Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. – volume: 257 year: 2021 ident: bb0125 article-title: Potential distribution and connectivity for recolonizing cougars in the Great Lakes region, USA publication-title: Biol. Conserv. – volume: 8 start-page: 993 year: 2005 end-page: 1009 ident: bb0135 article-title: Predicting species distribution: offering more than simple habitat models publication-title: Ecol. Lett. – volume: 18 start-page: 114 year: 2004 end-page: 125 ident: bb0355 article-title: Predicting human-carnivore conflict: a spatial model derived from 25 years of data on wolf predation on livestock publication-title: Conserv. Biol. – volume: 11 year: 2016 ident: bb0030 article-title: Jaguar densities across human-dominated landscapes in Colombia: the contribution of unprotected areas to long term conservation publication-title: PLoS One – volume: 77 start-page: 863 year: 2013 end-page: 869 ident: bb0305 article-title: Building tolerance for bears: a communications experiment publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. – start-page: 191 year: 2009 end-page: 204 ident: bb0350 article-title: Dispersal of gray wolves in the Great Lakes region publication-title: Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States – start-page: 155 year: 2009 end-page: 173 ident: bb0070 article-title: Prey of wolves in the Great Lakes region publication-title: Recovery of Gray Wolves in the Great Lakes Region of the United States – year: 2020 ident: bb0090 article-title: Canadian protected and conserved areas database – volume: 9 year: 2014 ident: bb0100 article-title: How many wolves (Canis lupus) fit into Germany? The role of assumptions in predictive rule-based habitat models for habitat generalists publication-title: PloS one – year: 2013 ident: bb0095 article-title: Distribution and abundance of wolves in Minnesota, 2012-13 – volume: 133 start-page: 60 year: 2019 end-page: 65 ident: bb0220 article-title: Gray wolf (Canis lupus) recolonization failure: a Minnesota case study publication-title: Can. Field-Nat. – volume: 27 start-page: 701 year: 2020 end-page: 708 ident: bb0275 article-title: Emigration and first-year movements of initial wolf translocations to isle royale publication-title: Northeast. Nat. – volume: 11 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0030 article-title: Jaguar densities across human-dominated landscapes in Colombia: the contribution of unprotected areas to long term conservation publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153973 – volume: 366 start-page: 2642 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0055 article-title: Global patterns of fragmentation and connectivity of mammalian carnivore habitat publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0120 – volume: 347 start-page: 382 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0130 article-title: Carnivore coexistence: America’s recovery publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.347.6220.382-b – volume: 242 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0155 article-title: Evaluating habitat suitability and connectivity for a recolonizing large carnivore publication-title: Biol. Conserv. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108352 – volume: 12 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0290 article-title: Military training areas facilitate the recolonization of wolves in Germany publication-title: Conserv. Lett. doi: 10.1111/conl.12635 – volume: 116 start-page: 416 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0060 article-title: Gray wolves, Canis lupus, of British Columbia's central and north coast: distribution and conservation assessment publication-title: Can. Field-Nat. doi: 10.5962/p.363480 – volume: 343 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0295 article-title: Status and ecological effects of the world’s largest carnivores publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1241484 – volume: 10 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0020 article-title: Predicting the spatial distribution of wolf (Canis lupus) breeding areas in a mountainous region of Central Italy publication-title: PloS one doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124698 – volume: 3 start-page: 722 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0165 article-title: Red wolf (Canis rufus) recovery: a review with suggestions for future research publication-title: Animals doi: 10.3390/ani3030722 – volume: 3 start-page: 165 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0410 article-title: Predators and people: using human densities to interpret declines of large carnivores publication-title: Anim. Conserv. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00241.x – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0090 – volume: 257 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0125 article-title: Potential distribution and connectivity for recolonizing cougars in the Great Lakes region, USA publication-title: Biol. Conserv. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109144 – volume: 26 start-page: 776 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0415 article-title: The potential for wolf recovery in the northeastern United States via dispersal from southeastern Canada publication-title: Wildl. Soc. Bull. – volume: 59 start-page: 757 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0035 article-title: Using habitat suitability and landscape connectivity in the spatial prioritization of public outreach and management during carnivore recolonization publication-title: J. Appl. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.14090 – volume: 7 start-page: 158 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0040 article-title: Determining where the wild things will be: using psychological theory to find tolerance for large carnivores publication-title: Conserv. Lett. doi: 10.1111/conl.12072 – year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0210 – volume: 11 start-page: 1504 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0010 article-title: Validation of species-climate impact models under climate change publication-title: Glob. Chang. Biol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01000.x – volume: 85 start-page: 69778 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0385 article-title: Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; removing the gray wolf (Canis lupus) from the list of endangered and threatened wildlife publication-title: Fed. Regist. – volume: 8 start-page: 993 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0135 article-title: Predicting species distribution: offering more than simple habitat models publication-title: Ecol. Lett. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00792.x – volume: 11 start-page: 13570 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0145 article-title: Addressing regional relationships between white-tailed deer densities and land classes publication-title: Ecol. Evol. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8084 – volume: 344 start-page: 476 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0340 article-title: Tolerance for predatory wildlife publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1252690 – start-page: 317 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0215 article-title: Wolf social ecology – volume: 84 start-page: 1177 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0195 article-title: Wolves adapt territory size, not pack size to local habitat quality publication-title: J. Anim. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12366 – volume: 4 start-page: 345 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0200 article-title: Predators and people: conservation of large carnivores is possible at high human densities if management policy is favourable publication-title: Anim. Conserv. doi: 10.1017/S1367943001001408 – volume: 24 start-page: 868 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0420 article-title: Are all data types and connectivity models created equal? Validating common connectivity approaches with dispersal data publication-title: Divers. Distrib. doi: 10.1111/ddi.12742 – volume: 13 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb2000 article-title: The effectiveness of opportunistic public reports versus professional data to estimate large carnivore distribution publication-title: Ecosphere doi: 10.1002/ecs2.3938 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0280 – volume: 64 start-page: 45 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0390 article-title: Diet of the first settled wolves (Canis lupus) in Flanders, Belgium publication-title: Lutra – year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0115 – year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0360 – volume: Vol. 2017 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0170 article-title: Developing a new North American land cover product at 30m resolution: methods, results and future plans – volume: 346 start-page: 1517 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0045 article-title: Recovery of large carnivores in Europe’s modern human-dominated landscapes publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1257553 – volume: 18 start-page: 114 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0355 article-title: Predicting human-carnivore conflict: a spatial model derived from 25 years of data on wolf predation on livestock publication-title: Conserv. Biol. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00189.x – volume: 4 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0405 article-title: Range contractions of the world’s large carnivores publication-title: R. Soc. Open Sci. doi: 10.1098/rsos.170052 – volume: 11 start-page: 377 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0180 article-title: Habitat suitability model for polish wolves based on long-term national census publication-title: Anim. Conserv. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00193.x – volume: 27 start-page: 701 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0275 article-title: Emigration and first-year movements of initial wolf translocations to isle royale publication-title: Northeast. Nat. doi: 10.1656/045.027.0410 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0320 – volume: 17 start-page: 1491 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0345 article-title: Human-carnivore conflict and perspectives on carnivore management worldwide publication-title: Conserv. Biol. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00059.x – volume: 54 start-page: 50 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0250 article-title: The practices of wolf persecution, protection, and restoration in Canada and the United States publication-title: Bioscience doi: 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0050:TPOWPP]2.0.CO;2 – volume: 50 start-page: 555 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0315 article-title: Suitable habitat for recolonizing large carnivores in the midwestern USA publication-title: Oryx doi: 10.1017/S0030605314001227 – year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0365 – volume: 31 start-page: 2151 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0190 article-title: Estimating landscape resistance from habitat suitability: effects of data source and nonlinearities publication-title: Landsc. Ecol. doi: 10.1007/s10980-016-0387-5 – volume: 3 start-page: 26 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0105 article-title: Population viability, nature reserves, and the outlook for gray wolf conservation in North America publication-title: Restor. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.1995.tb00072.x – start-page: 61 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0140 article-title: Environmental predictors: issues of processing and selection – volume: 15 start-page: 59 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0205 article-title: Evaluation of consensus methods in predictive species distribution modelling publication-title: Divers. Distrib. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00491.x – volume: 9 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0100 article-title: How many wolves (Canis lupus) fit into Germany? The role of assumptions in predictive rule-based habitat models for habitat generalists publication-title: PloS one doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101798 – volume: 8 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0150 article-title: Rapid digitization to reclaim thematic maps of white-tailed deer density from 1982 and 2003 in the conterminous US publication-title: PeerJ doi: 10.7717/peerj.8262 – volume: 78 start-page: 930 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0310 article-title: Illinois resident attitudes toward recolonizing large carnivores publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. doi: 10.1002/jwmg.718 – start-page: 375 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0260 article-title: Another look at wolf taxonomy – volume: 114 start-page: 7635 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb1000 article-title: Quantification of habitat fragmentation reveals extinction risk in terrestrial mammals publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. – volume: 46 start-page: 255 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0255 article-title: Food habits of the world's grey wolves publication-title: Mamm. Rev. doi: 10.1111/mam.12067 – volume: 32 start-page: 369 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0335 article-title: BIOMOD - a platform for ensemble forecasting of species distributions publication-title: Ecography doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05742.x – volume: 43 start-page: 1223 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0005 article-title: Assessing the accuracy of species distribution models: prevalence, kappa and the true skill statistic (TSS) publication-title: J. Appl. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01214.x – volume: 21 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0120 article-title: Planning for carnivore recolonization by mapping sex-specific landscape connectivity publication-title: Glob. Ecol. Conserv. – start-page: 279 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0300 article-title: Wolf–human conflicts and management in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan – volume: 53 start-page: 101 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0175 article-title: Remote tourism and forest management: a spatial hedonic analysis publication-title: Ecol. Econ. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.06.025 – volume: 49 start-page: 29 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0185 article-title: Using a double-count aerial survey to estimate moose abundance in Maine publication-title: Alces – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0230 – volume: 251 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0285 article-title: Agent-based models predict patterns and identify constraints of large carnivore recolonizations, a case study of wolves in Scandinavia publication-title: Biol. Conserv. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108752 – year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0375 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0050 – ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0075 – volume: 62 start-page: 1 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0240 article-title: Assessing potential gray wolf restoration in the northeastern United States: a spatial prediction of favorable habitat and potential population levels publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. doi: 10.2307/3802259 – start-page: 107 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0330 article-title: An isolated wolf population in central Wisconsin – volume: 59 start-page: 991 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0025 article-title: The northern rocky mountain gray wolf is not yet recovered publication-title: BioSci. doi: 10.1525/bio.2009.59.11.11 – volume: 186 start-page: 280 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0080 article-title: The evaluation strip: a new and robust method for plotting predicted responses from species distribution models publication-title: Ecol. Model. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.12.007 – volume: 45 start-page: 191 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0265 article-title: Attitudes towards a transient carnivore prior to recolonization publication-title: Wildl. Soc. Bull. doi: 10.1002/wsb.1166 – volume: 3 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0400 article-title: Prey depletion as a threat to the world's large carnivores publication-title: R. Soc. Open Sci. doi: 10.1098/rsos.160252 – volume: 19 start-page: 589 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0085 article-title: Anthropogenic transformation of the biomes, 1700 to 2000 publication-title: Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x – volume: 133 start-page: 60 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0220 article-title: Gray wolf (Canis lupus) recolonization failure: a Minnesota case study publication-title: Can. Field-Nat. doi: 10.22621/cfn.v133i1.2078 – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0370 – volume: 3 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0015 article-title: Selecting pseudo-absences for species distribution models: how, where and how many? publication-title: Methods Ecol. Evol. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00172.x – year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0110 – year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0225 – volume: 397 start-page: 84 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0325 article-title: Multi-scale habitat selection model assessing potential gray wolf den habitat and dispersal corridors in Michigan, USA publication-title: Ecol. Model. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.12.021 – start-page: 191 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0350 article-title: Dispersal of gray wolves in the Great Lakes region – volume: 12 year: 2022 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0160 article-title: Quantifying anthropogenic wolf mortality in relation to hunting regulations and landscape attributes across North America publication-title: Ecol. Evol. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8875 – year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0095 – volume: 77 start-page: 863 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0305 article-title: Building tolerance for bears: a communications experiment publication-title: J. Wildl. Manag. doi: 10.1002/jwmg.515 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0380 – start-page: 119 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0245 article-title: Change in occupied wolf habitat in the northern Great Lakes region – start-page: 155 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0070 article-title: Prey of wolves in the Great Lakes region – volume: 8 start-page: 351 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0270 article-title: Pendulum swings in wolf management led to conflict, illegal kills, and a legislated wolf hunt publication-title: Conserv. Lett. doi: 10.1111/conl.12141 – volume: 106 start-page: 381 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708_bb0395 article-title: Minimum viable population and reserve sizes for naturally regulated grizzly bears in British Columbia publication-title: Biol. Conserv. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00265-8 |
| SSID | ssj0007365 |
| Score | 2.4675715 |
| Snippet | Following federal protection in 1974, gray wolves (Canis lupus) partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, USA, yet remain absent... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 109708 |
| SubjectTerms | agricultural land Canis lupus Carnivore Connectivity Corridor Distribution Eastern United States extensive farming Gray wolf habitat connectivity human population Midwestern United States Recolonization snow wolves |
| Title | Identifying potential gray wolf habitat and connectivity in the eastern USA |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109708 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2718328193 |
| Volume | 273 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000854345000002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1873-2917 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0007365 issn: 0006-3207 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLdgAwkOCAYT40tG4jYlSuM4do6FhcHQJiQ2qTfLceyp05RUaQfrf89z7LjdJhg7cIlcK3Gs_H5979l-Hwh9MJyTDJgUZYrChRkScalMlBsJ-jKXUpO6LzbBjo74ZFJ89y5B876cAGsafnlZzP4r1NAHYNvQ2TvAHQaFDmgD6HAF2OH6T8C70FsXvjRrF_YHwHDayeXur_YcTENZ2bgyH9AGYlb5AhLe49EW87Hl0U5-jK-c-E6DmFTWA9vv5Q6A2TAoePHux3buiksdxmGlr5eOF3txGTrLrj8IOoj3Qtc-gAzC2KWJPIz34_UdCVjMDi5XKymbRyR11WwHKZsysiYn7bl3n8_hpgh3uwlncTVt7Y6AfUG8uv1qxuxrmiz4Fw6ua2fCjSLsKMKNch9tpowWIMQ3x1_LyUHQ24zkrt6Fn_0QaNl7A96czZ8MmWsqvbdTjp-iJ36BgceOGM_QPd1socfj084nWdFb6KHDcgmtsk9avnyOvq3RBgfaYEsbbGmDPW0w0Aav0wZPGwy0wZ42GGjzAp18Lo8_fYl8oY1IEVIsIjDa60yPCl1zxY1OqEwTqkdVYeqUyUpKWKSPEl33FV0NtGha6zzTPGG5KSpCttFG0zb6JcIyoyRlmjCZm4zTQiZSKZoYk1OWgX7YQWT4akL5LPS2GMq5-BtmOygKT81cFpZb7mcDIMJbks5CFMCyW558P-AnQNDa0zPZ6PZiLlJmtR8Y0OTVHWfzGj1a_U3eoI1Fd6Hfogfq52I67955Gv4GVLSfMg |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Identifying+potential+gray+wolf+habitat+and+connectivity+in+the+eastern+USA&rft.jtitle=Biological+conservation&rft.au=van+den+Bosch%2C+M.&rft.au=Beyer%2C+D.E.&rft.au=Erb%2C+J.D.&rft.au=Gantchoff%2C+M.G.&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.issn=0006-3207&rft.volume=273&rft.spage=109708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2022.109708&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_biocon_2022_109708 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0006-3207&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0006-3207&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0006-3207&client=summon |