Choice of baseline affects historical population trends in hunted mammals of North America

Establishing historical baselines of species' populations is important for contextualising present-day population trends, identifying significant anthropogenic threats, and preventing a cultural phenomenon known as ‘shifting baseline syndrome’. However, our knowledge of historical baselines is...

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Vydané v:Biological conservation Ročník 242; s. 108421
Hlavní autori: Collins, Amy C., Böhm, Monika, Collen, Ben
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2020
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ISSN:0006-3207, 1873-2917
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Abstract Establishing historical baselines of species' populations is important for contextualising present-day population trends, identifying significant anthropogenic threats, and preventing a cultural phenomenon known as ‘shifting baseline syndrome’. However, our knowledge of historical baselines is limited by a lack of direct observation data on species abundance pre-1970. We present historical data of species-specific fur harvests from the Canadian government and Hudson's Bay Company as a proxy for estimating species abundance over multiple centuries. Using stochastic stock reduction analysis originally developed for marine species, we model historical population trends for eight mammals, and assess population trends based on two different baseline years: 1850 and 1970. Results show that population declines are significantly greater when using an 1850 baseline, as opposed to a 1970 baseline, and for four species, the population trend shifted from a population increase to a decrease. Overall, the median population change of the eight species changed from a 15% decline for 1850, to a 4% increase for 1970. This study shows the utility of harvest data for deriving population baselines for hunted terrestrial mammals which can be used in addition to other historical data such as local ecological knowledge. Results highlight the need for developing historically relevant population baselines in order to track abundances over time in threatened species and common species alike, to better inform species conservation programs, wildlife management plans and biodiversity indicators.
AbstractList Establishing historical baselines of species' populations is important for contextualising present-day population trends, identifying significant anthropogenic threats, and preventing a cultural phenomenon known as ‘shifting baseline syndrome’. However, our knowledge of historical baselines is limited by a lack of direct observation data on species abundance pre-1970. We present historical data of species-specific fur harvests from the Canadian government and Hudson's Bay Company as a proxy for estimating species abundance over multiple centuries. Using stochastic stock reduction analysis originally developed for marine species, we model historical population trends for eight mammals, and assess population trends based on two different baseline years: 1850 and 1970. Results show that population declines are significantly greater when using an 1850 baseline, as opposed to a 1970 baseline, and for four species, the population trend shifted from a population increase to a decrease. Overall, the median population change of the eight species changed from a 15% decline for 1850, to a 4% increase for 1970. This study shows the utility of harvest data for deriving population baselines for hunted terrestrial mammals which can be used in addition to other historical data such as local ecological knowledge. Results highlight the need for developing historically relevant population baselines in order to track abundances over time in threatened species and common species alike, to better inform species conservation programs, wildlife management plans and biodiversity indicators.
ArticleNumber 108421
Author Collen, Ben
Böhm, Monika
Collins, Amy C.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Amy C.
  surname: Collins
  fullname: Collins, Amy C.
  email: accollins@ucdavis.edu
  organization: Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, Shields Avenue, CA 95616, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Monika
  surname: Böhm
  fullname: Böhm, Monika
  organization: Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Ben
  surname: Collen
  fullname: Collen, Ben
  email: accollins@ucdavis.edu
  organization: Centre for Biodiversity & Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Keywords Hudson's Bay Company
Shifting baseline syndrome
North America
Historical baselines
Population estimation
Mammal conservation
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Snippet Establishing historical baselines of species' populations is important for contextualising present-day population trends, identifying significant anthropogenic...
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SubjectTerms conservation programs
environmental knowledge
fur
Historical baselines
Hudson's Bay Company
Mammal conservation
mammals
natural resources conservation
North America
Population estimation
population growth
Shifting baseline syndrome
species abundance
threatened species
Title Choice of baseline affects historical population trends in hunted mammals of North America
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108421
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Volume 242
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