Overcome Medical Algorithm Aversion: Conditional Joint Effect of Direct and Indirect Information
The just-ended COVID-19 pandemic and the looming global aging remind us that we need to be prepared for the shortage of doctors, which might become an urgent medical crisis in the future. Medical AI could relieve this urgency and sometimes perform better than human doctors; however, people are reluc...
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| Published in: | International journal of human-computer interaction Vol. 41; no. 7; pp. 3889 - 3900 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Norwood
Taylor & Francis
03.04.2025
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc |
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| ISSN: | 1044-7318, 1532-7590, 1044-7318 |
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| Abstract | The just-ended COVID-19 pandemic and the looming global aging remind us that we need to be prepared for the shortage of doctors, which might become an urgent medical crisis in the future. Medical AI could relieve this urgency and sometimes perform better than human doctors; however, people are reluctant to trust medical AI because of algorithm aversion. Although several factors that can minimize algorithm aversion have been identified, they are not effective enough to promote medical AI as people's first choice. Therefore, inspired by the direct and indirect information model of trust and media equation hypothesis, this research explored a new method to minimize aversion to medical AI by highlighting its social attributes. In 3 between-subject studies, a medical AI system's direct information (i.e., transparency and quantitation of the decision-making process (DMP)) and indirect information (i.e., social proof) were manipulated. Study 1 (N = 193) and 2 (N = 429) showed that transparency of DMP and social proof increased trust in AI, but did not affect trust in human doctors. Social proof jointly affected trust in AI with non-quantitative DMP but not quantitative DMP. Study 3 (N = 184) further revealed the joint effect of the transparent non-quantitative DMP and near-perfect social proof, which could minimize algorithm aversion. These results extended the direct-indirect information model in interpersonal trust, revealed conditional media equation in human-AI trust, and offered practical implications for medical AI interface design. |
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| AbstractList | The just-ended COVID-19 pandemic and the looming global aging remind us that we need to be prepared for the shortage of doctors, which might become an urgent medical crisis in the future. Medical AI could relieve this urgency and sometimes perform better than human doctors; however, people are reluctant to trust medical AI because of algorithm aversion. Although several factors that can minimize algorithm aversion have been identified, they are not effective enough to promote medical AI as people’s first choice. Therefore, inspired by the direct and indirect information model of trust and media equation hypothesis, this research explored a new method to minimize aversion to medical AI by highlighting its social attributes. In 3 between-subject studies, a medical AI system’s direct information (i.e., transparency and quantitation of the decision-making process (DMP)) and indirect information (i.e., social proof) were manipulated. Study 1 (N = 193) and 2 (N = 429) showed that transparency of DMP and social proof increased trust in AI, but did not affect trust in human doctors. Social proof jointly affected trust in AI with non-quantitative DMP but not quantitative DMP. Study 3 (N = 184) further revealed the joint effect of the transparent non-quantitative DMP and near-perfect social proof, which could minimize algorithm aversion. These results extended the direct-indirect information model in interpersonal trust, revealed conditional media equation in human-AI trust, and offered practical implications for medical AI interface design. |
| Author | Xiao, Chengli Zhao, Yansong |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yansong surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Yansong organization: Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University – sequence: 2 givenname: Chengli orcidid: 0000-0002-5195-6446 surname: Xiao fullname: Xiao, Chengli organization: Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University |
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| SubjectTerms | Aging algorithm aversion algorithmic transparency Algorithms Artificial intelligence COVID-19 Decision making Direct and indirect information Humans Information Mass media Pandemics Physicians quantitation Quantitative analysis social proof Transparency Trust Urgency |
| Title | Overcome Medical Algorithm Aversion: Conditional Joint Effect of Direct and Indirect Information |
| URI | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10447318.2024.2344146 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3178399670 |
| Volume | 41 |
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