Marronage, Here and There Liberia, Enslavement’s Conversion, and the Settler-Not

This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its historiography and across contemporary discourse regarding its fortunes into the twenty-first century, Liberia is a notable, albeit contested, in...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:International labor and working class history Ročník 96; číslo 96; s. 38 - 59
Hlavní autor: Woods, Tryon P.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Cambridge Cambridge University Press 01.10.2019
Témata:
ISSN:0147-5479, 1471-6445
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its historiography and across contemporary discourse regarding its fortunes into the twenty-first century, Liberia is a notable, albeit contested, instance of the modern era’s correctable violence in that it stands as an imperfect realization of the emancipated slave, the liberated colony, and the freedom to labor unalienated, then such representation continues to hide more than it reveals. This essay, instead, reads Liberia as an instructive leitmotif for the conversion of racial slavery’s synecdochical plantation system in the Americas into the plantation of the world writ large: the global scene of antiblackness and the immutable qualification for enslavement accorded black positionality alone. Transitions between political economic systems—from slave trade to “re-colonization,” from Firestone occupation to dictatorial-democratic regimes—reemerge from this re-examination as crucial but inessential to understanding Liberia’s position, and thus that of black laboring subjects, in the modern world. I argue that slavery is the simultaneous primitive accumulation of black land and bodies, but that this reality largely escapes current conceptualization of not only the history of labor but also that of enslavement. In other words, the African slave trade (driven first by Arabs in the Indian Ocean region, then Europeans in the Mediterranean, and, subsequently, Euro-Americans in the Atlantic) did not simply leave as its corollary effect, or byproduct, the underdevelopment of African societies. The trade in African flesh was at once the co-production of a geography of desire in which blackness is perpetually fungible at every scale, from the body to the nation-state to its soil—all treasures not simply for violation and exploitation, but more importantly, for accumulation and all manner of usage. The Liberian project elucidates this ongoing reality in distinctive ways—especially when we regard it through the lens of the millennium-plus paradigm of African enslavement. Conceptualizing slavery’s “afterlife” entails exploring the ways that emancipation extended, not ameliorated, the chattel condition, and as such, impugns the efficacy of key analytic categories like “settler,” “native,” “labor,” and “freedom” when applied to black existence. Marronage, rather than colonization or emancipation, situates Liberia within the intergenerational struggle of, and over, black work against social death. Read as enslavement’s conversion, this essay neither impugns nor heralds black action and leadership on the Liberian project at a particular historical moment, but rather agitates for centering black thought on the ongoing issue of black fungibility and social captivity that Liberia exemplifies. I argue that such a reading of Liberia presents a critique of both settler colonialism and of a certain conceptualization of the black radical tradition and its futures in heavily optimist, positivist, and political economic terms that are enjoying considerable favor in leading discourse on black struggle today.
AbstractList This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its historiography and across contemporary discourse regarding its fortunes into the twenty-first century, Liberia is a notable, albeit contested, instance of the modern era's correctable violence in that it stands as an imperfect realization of the emancipated slave, the liberated colony, and the freedom to labor unalienated, then such representation continues to hide more than it reveals. This essay, instead, reads Liberia as an instructive leitmotif for the conversion of racial slavery's synecdochical plantation system in the Americas into the plantation of the world writ large: the global scene of antiblackness and the immutable qualification for enslavement accorded black positionality alone. Transitions between political economic systems—from slave trade to “re-colonization,” from Firestone occupation to dictatorial-democratic regimes—reemerge from this re-examination as crucial but inessential to understanding Liberia's position, and thus that of black laboring subjects, in the modern world. I argue that slavery is the simultaneous primitive accumulation of black land and bodies, but that this reality largely escapes current conceptualization of not only the history of labor but also that of enslavement. In other words, the African slave trade (driven first by Arabs in the Indian Ocean region, then Europeans in the Mediterranean, and, subsequently, Euro-Americans in the Atlantic) did not simply leave as its corollary effect, or byproduct, the underdevelopment of African societies. The trade in African flesh was at once the co-production of a geography of desire in which blackness is perpetually fungible at every scale, from the body to the nation-state to its soil—all treasures not simply for violation and exploitation, but more importantly, for accumulation and all manner of usage. The Liberian project elucidates this ongoing reality in distinctive ways—especially when we regard it through the lens of the millennium-plus paradigm of African enslavement. Conceptualizing slavery's “afterlife” entails exploring the ways that emancipation extended, not ameliorated, the chattel condition, and as such, impugns the efficacy of key analytic categories like “settler,” “native,” “labor,” and “freedom” when applied to black existence. Marronage, rather than colonization or emancipation, situates Liberia within the intergenerational struggle of, and over, black work against social death. Read as enslavement's conversion, this essay neither impugns nor heralds black action and leadership on the Liberian project at a particular historical moment, but rather agitates for centering black thought on the ongoing issue of black fungibility and social captivity that Liberia exemplifies. I argue that such a reading of Liberia presents a critique of both settler colonialism and of a certain conceptualization of the black radical tradition and its futures in heavily optimist, positivist, and political economic terms that are enjoying considerable favor in leading discourse on black struggle today.
Copyright © International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc. 20192019International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc.This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its historiography and across contemporary discourse regarding its fortunes into the twenty-first century, Liberia is a notable, albeit contested, instance of the modern era's correctable violence in that it stands as an imperfect realization of the emancipated slave, the liberated colony, and the freedom to labor unalienated, then such representation continues to hide more than it reveals. This essay, instead, reads Liberia as an instructive leitmotif for the conversion of racial slavery's synecdochical plantation system in the Americas into the plantation of the world writ large: the global scene of antiblackness and the immutable qualification for enslavement accorded black positionality alone. Transitions between political economic systems—from slave trade to “re-colonization,” from Firestone occupation to dictatorial-democratic regimes—reemerge from this re-examination as crucial but inessential to understanding Liberia's position, and thus that of black laboring subjects, in the modern world. I argue that slavery is the simultaneous primitive accumulation of black land and bodies, but that this reality largely escapes current conceptualization of not only the history of labor but also that of enslavement. In other words, the African slave trade (driven first by Arabs in the Indian Ocean region, then Europeans in the Mediterranean, and, subsequently, Euro-Americans in the Atlantic) did not simply leave as its corollary effect, or byproduct, the underdevelopment of African societies. The trade in African flesh was at once the co-production of a geography of desire in which blackness is perpetually fungible at every scale, from the body to the nation-state to its soil—all treasures not simply for violation and exploitation, but more importantly, for accumulation and all manner of usage. The Liberian project elucidates this ongoing reality in distinctive ways—especially when we regard it through the lens of the millennium-plus paradigm of African enslavement. Conceptualizing slavery's “afterlife” entails exploring the ways that emancipation extended, not ameliorated, the chattel condition, and as such, impugns the efficacy of key analytic categories like “settler,” “native,” “labor,” and “freedom” when applied to black existence. Marronage, rather than colonization or emancipation, situates Liberia within the intergenerational struggle of, and over, black work against social death. Read as enslavement's conversion, this essay neither impugns nor heralds black action and leadership on the Liberian project at a particular historical moment, but rather agitates for centering black thought on the ongoing issue of black fungibility and social captivity that Liberia exemplifies. I argue that such a reading of Liberia presents a critique of both settler colonialism and of a certain conceptualization of the black radical tradition and its futures in heavily optimist, positivist, and political economic terms that are enjoying considerable favor in leading discourse on black struggle today.
Author Woods, Tryon P.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tryon P.
  surname: Woods
  fullname: Woods, Tryon P.
BookMark eNp9kE9Lw0AQxRepYFr9AD0IBa9GZ_b_HqWoFSoerOew2Ww0pWbrbnrw25sQ8aDgaYZ57zczvCmZtKH1hMwRrhBQXT8DciW4MmgAgII8Ilk_wVxyLiYkG-R80E_INKUtADIwmJH5o40xtPbVXy5WPvqFbavF5q3vTslxbXfJn33XGXm5u90sV_n66f5hebPOHWO6y6XTXEmv69q5UlArTG2c15RTCVB6Y0Aa4axiDhiykgpXVhUvKagKuS0rNiMX4959DB8Hn7piGw6x7U8WlFGUSjKtexeOLhdDStHXxT427zZ-FgjFkEDxJ4GeUb8Y13S2a0LbRdvs_iXPR3KbuhB_TlGpheqfYV__p2dr
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1080_10714413_2024_2388917
crossref_primary_10_1080_0969725X_2022_2093933
crossref_primary_10_1080_24694452_2021_1894087
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0018246X21000480
Cites_doi 10.1215/9780822387022
10.1353/aq.2017.0020
10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632711.001.0001
10.1057/9781137297297
10.1215/quiparle.13.2.53
10.1215/9780822391715
10.1080/1350463032000101542
10.5749/jcritethnstud.1.2.0102
10.4159/9780674054769
10.14321/j.ctvcwnj98
10.2979/blackcamera.7.1.134
10.1215/quiparle.13.2.183
10.1177/0896920514552535
10.1353/aq.2017.0019
10.4159/9780674369818
10.5749/minnesota/9780816676408.001.0001
10.5749/minnesota/9780816677757.001.0001
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc., 2019
Copyright Cambridge University Press Fall 2019
Copyright_xml – notice: International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc., 2019
– notice: Copyright Cambridge University Press Fall 2019
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
0-V
3V.
7U4
7UB
7WY
7WZ
7XB
87Z
884
8FK
8FL
8G5
ABUWG
AFKRA
ALSLI
AZQEC
BENPR
BEZIV
BHHNA
CCPQU
DWI
DWQXO
FRNLG
F~G
GNUQQ
GUQSH
HEHIP
K60
K6~
L.-
M0C
M0I
M2O
M2S
MBDVC
PETBT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PHNHU
PKEHL
PMKZF
POGQB
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQEST
PQHSC
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PRQQA
Q9U
QXPDG
WZK
DOI 10.1017/S0147547919000206
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection【Remote access available】
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)
Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
ABI/INFORM Collection
ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Collection
Alt-PressWatch (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni)
Research Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Social Science Premium Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Business Premium Collection
Sociological Abstracts
ProQuest One Community College
Sociological Abstracts
ProQuest Central
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
ProQuest Central Student
Research Library Prep
Sociology Collection (OCUL)
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Business Collection
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
ABI/INFORM Global
Alt-PressWatch
Research Library
Sociology Database (OCUL)
Research Library (Corporate)
ProQuest Global & International Studies Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Global Studies & International Relations
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Digital Collections
ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection
ProQuest One Business (OCUL)
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
History Study Center
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest One Social Sciences
ProQuest Central Basic
Diversity Collection
Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Alt-PressWatch (Alumni Edition)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Business
Research Library Prep
ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
Sociology & Social Sciences Collection
ProQuest One Global Studies & International Relations
ProQuest Central China
ABI/INFORM Complete
Global & International Studies Collection
ProQuest Central
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
Diversity Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Global & International Studies Collection
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Sociology Collection
Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Sociology
Alt-PressWatch
ABI/INFORM Complete (Alumni Edition)
Business Premium Collection
Social Science Premium Collection
ABI/INFORM Global
ProQuest One Social Sciences
ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Sociology Collection
ProQuest Business Collection
ProQuest Digital Collections
Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)
ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Sociological Abstracts
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList CrossRef

Alt-PressWatch (Alumni Edition)
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Economics
History & Archaeology
Geography
EISSN 1471-6445
EndPage 59
ExternalDocumentID 10_1017_S0147547919000206
26857883
GeographicLocations New York
Liberia
United States--US
West Africa
Africa
GeographicLocations_xml – name: New York
– name: West Africa
– name: Africa
– name: Liberia
– name: United States--US
GroupedDBID -1D
-E.
-ET
-~X
.FH
0-V
09C
09D
0E1
0R~
29J
2FS
4.4
5GY
5VS
6~8
74X
74Z
7WY
7~V
884
8FL
8G5
8I0
8R4
8R5
AABES
AABWE
AACJB
AACJH
AACKI
AAGFV
AAKTX
AALKF
AAOTU
AAPYI
AARAB
AASVR
AAUKB
ABBXD
ABGDZ
ABITZ
ABJNI
ABKVW
ABQWD
ABROB
ABTCQ
ABTME
ABTND
ABUWG
ABVFV
ABVKB
ABXAU
ABXHF
ABYYQ
ABZCX
ACABY
ACDLN
ACGFS
ACHQT
ACIMK
ACNCT
ACUIJ
ACYZP
ACZBM
ACZBN
ADFEC
ADGDI
ADKIL
ADMHG
ADTCA
ADVJH
AEBAK
AEHGV
AFFUJ
AFKQG
AFKRA
AFKRZ
AFLVW
AFUTZ
AFZFC
AGABE
AGHGI
AGJUD
AGTDA
AHAJD
AHQXX
AHRGI
AIDRF
AIGNW
AIHIV
AISIE
AJ7
AJPFC
AJQAS
AKMAY
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALSLI
ALVPG
ANFVQ
AOWSX
ARABE
ARALO
ASOEW
ATUCA
AUXHV
AVDNQ
AZQEC
BBLKV
BENPR
BEZIV
BGHMG
BMAJL
BPHCQ
C0O
CBIIA
CCPQU
CCQAD
CFAFE
CGMFO
CHEAL
CJCSC
CS3
DOHLZ
DU5
DWQXO
EBS
ED0
EJD
F5P
FRNLG
GNUQQ
GUQSH
HEHIP
HG-
HOVLH
HSS
HST
HZ~
I.5
IH6
IOEEP
IOO
IS6
I~P
J36
J38
J3B
JAF
JENOY
JHPGK
JOSPZ
JPPEU
JPPIE
JQKCU
JRMXA
JST
K60
K6~
L98
LW7
M-V
M0C
M0I
M2O
M2S
M7~
NIKVX
O9-
OYBOY
P2P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PMKZF
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQHSC
PQQKQ
PROAC
Q2X
QXPDG
RCA
ROL
RR0
S6-
S6U
T9M
TN5
UPT
UT1
WFFJZ
WH7
WQ3
WXS
WYP
ZYDXJ
~A4
-1C
-1E
-2P
-2R
-~6
6~7
7~U
9M5
AADNG
AAKNA
AATMM
AAYXX
ABBHK
ABJWI
ABXSQ
ABZUI
ACEJA
ACNTW
ACRPL
ACWYQ
ACXJH
ADNMO
ADOVH
ADULT
AEBPU
AEFOJ
AEMFK
AEUPB
AFFHD
AFFNX
AGLWM
AGQPQ
AI.
AKZCZ
ANOYL
APTMU
ARZZG
ASMEE
AWSUU
AYIQA
BBQHK
BJBOZ
CAG
CBXGM
CCUQV
CDIZJ
CFBFF
CFLAC
CITATION
COF
EGQIC
GDOGT
HVGLF
I.7
I.8
IPSME
IPYYG
JAAYA
JBMMH
JHFFW
JKQEH
JLEZI
JLXEF
JPL
KAFGG
LPU
M8.
MVM
NMJTQ
PETBT
PHNHU
POGQB
PRQQA
SA0
VH1
ZJOSE
ZMEZD
3V.
7U4
7UB
7XB
8FK
BHHNA
DWI
L.-
MBDVC
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
WZK
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-6c8476e8ffccb52a59f9ce8242600be990695ca73c0313b25cbdd4b207d14abd3
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISICitedReferencesCount 6
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000506175700003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0147-5479
IngestDate Mon Nov 10 04:50:43 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:09:52 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:18:11 EST 2025
Thu Jul 03 21:33:26 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 96
Language English
License https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c338t-6c8476e8ffccb52a59f9ce8242600be990695ca73c0313b25cbdd4b207d14abd3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
OpenAccessLink https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/F7983915929C3141A5487ADC6B809375/S0147547919000206a.pdf/div-class-title-marronage-here-and-there-liberia-enslavement-s-conversion-and-the-settler-not-div.pdf
PQID 2321676388
PQPubID 32780
PageCount 22
ParticipantIDs proquest_journals_2321676388
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0147547919000206
crossref_citationtrail_10_1017_S0147547919000206
jstor_primary_26857883
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20191001
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2019-10-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 10
  year: 2019
  text: 20191001
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Cambridge
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Cambridge
PublicationTitle International labor and working class history
PublicationYear 2019
Publisher Cambridge University Press
Publisher_xml – name: Cambridge University Press
References S0147547919000206_ref24
Blackburn (S0147547919000206_ref5) 1997
Clarke (S0147547919000206_ref16) 1974
S0147547919000206_ref23
Brathwaite (S0147547919000206_ref30) 1970; 2
Klein (S0147547919000206_ref55) 1979
Blackmon (S0147547919000206_ref14) 2008
Magness (S0147547919000206_ref64) 2011
Scott (S0147547919000206_ref62) 2018
S0147547919000206_ref15
Dayan (S0147547919000206_ref72) 2011
Hartman (S0147547919000206_ref9) 1997
Cortez (S0147547919000206_ref56) 1971
Rodney (S0147547919000206_ref53) 1970
Levitt (S0147547919000206_ref67) 2005
S0147547919000206_ref71
Patterson (S0147547919000206_ref20) 1982
Farley (S0147547919000206_ref22) 2005; 36
Horne (S0147547919000206_ref63) 2015
(S0147547919000206_ref2) 2001
Rodney (S0147547919000206_ref49) 2018
Beachey (S0147547919000206_ref36) 1976
Armah (S0147547919000206_ref25) 2000
Dayan (S0147547919000206_ref65) 1995
Saucier (S0147547919000206_ref21) 2016
DuBois (S0147547919000206_ref46) 1979
Woods (S0147547919000206_ref74) 2018; 10
Robinson (S0147547919000206_ref73) 1997
Kehinde (S0147547919000206_ref32) 2007; 1
Diouf (S0147547919000206_ref34) 2016
(S0147547919000206_ref31) 1973
Clarke (S0147547919000206_ref66) 1974
S0147547919000206_ref29
(S0147547919000206_ref59) 1996
Wolfe (S0147547919000206_ref33) 2016
Binder (S0147547919000206_ref13) 1996; 16
Lovejoy (S0147547919000206_ref37) 2000
Clegg (S0147547919000206_ref61) 2004
Wheelock (S0147547919000206_ref60) 2016
King (S0147547919000206_ref27) 2016; 19
S0147547919000206_ref40
S0147547919000206_ref41
Spivey (S0147547919000206_ref75) 1986
Diop (S0147547919000206_ref69) 1987
Judy (S0147547919000206_ref19) 1993
(S0147547919000206_ref58) 1992
Sachs (S0147547919000206_ref50) 2009
Wahad (S0147547919000206_ref44) 1993
Rodney (S0147547919000206_ref52) 1990
Segal (S0147547919000206_ref38) 2001
Payne (S0147547919000206_ref43) 1995
Robinson (S0147547919000206_ref1) 2000
Martinot (S0147547919000206_ref17) 2002
Garvey (S0147547919000206_ref47) 2014
Clarke (S0147547919000206_ref77) 1974
Hartman (S0147547919000206_ref12) 2008
Baptist (S0147547919000206_ref8) 2014
Eltis (S0147547919000206_ref4) 2000
S0147547919000206_ref39
Manning (S0147547919000206_ref54) 1990
S0147547919000206_ref57
S0147547919000206_ref11
Inikori (S0147547919000206_ref68) 1982
S0147547919000206_ref10
S0147547919000206_ref51
Sexton (S0147547919000206_ref18) 2003; 9
Day (S0147547919000206_ref26) 2015; 1
James (S0147547919000206_ref45) 1974
Garvey (S0147547919000206_ref76) 2014
Horne (S0147547919000206_ref48) 2019
Wiley (S0147547919000206_ref70) 1980
Sayers (S0147547919000206_ref35) 2016
S0147547919000206_ref3
(S0147547919000206_ref28) 2019
S0147547919000206_ref6
S0147547919000206_ref7
Gueye (S0147547919000206_ref42) 2003
References_xml – ident: S0147547919000206_ref10
  doi: 10.1215/9780822387022
– start-page: xix
  volume-title: Two Thousand Seasons
  year: 2000
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref25
– volume-title: Rule of Racialization: Class, Identity, Governance
  year: 2002
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref17
– volume: 36
  start-page: 225
  year: 2005
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref22
  article-title: Perfecting Slavery
  publication-title: Loyola University Chicago Law Journal
– start-page: 20
  volume-title: (Dis)forming the American Canon: African-Arabic Slave Narrative and the Vernacular
  year: 1993
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref19
– volume-title: Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa, 2nd ed.
  year: 2000
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref37
– start-page: 104
  volume-title: Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa
  year: 1974
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref66
– start-page: 141
  volume-title: The Law is a White Dog: How Legal Rituals Make and Unmake Persons
  year: 2011
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref72
– start-page: 25
  volume-title: The Evolution of Deadly Conflict in Liberia: From “Paternaltarianism” to State Collapse
  year: 2005
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref67
– volume-title: I've Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle
  year: 1995
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref43
– volume: 10
  start-page: 631
  year: 2018
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref74
  article-title: The Implicit Bias of Implicit Bias Theory
  publication-title: Drexel Law Review
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref3
  doi: 10.1353/aq.2017.0020
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref57
  doi: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632711.001.0001
– start-page: 1
  volume-title: Conceptual Aphasia in Black: Displacing Racial Formation
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref21
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref6
  doi: 10.1057/9781137297297
– volume-title: Lose Your Mother: A Journey Along the Atlantic Slave Route
  year: 2008
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref12
– start-page: 44
  volume-title: The Price of Liberty: African Americans and the Making of Liberia
  year: 2004
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref61
– volume-title: Revolution and Evolution in the Twentieth Century
  year: 1974
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref45
– volume-title: Islam's Black Slaves: The Other Black Diaspora
  year: 2001
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref38
– start-page: 134
  volume-title: Black Movements in America
  year: 1997
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref73
– volume-title: Deep Sightings and Rescue Missions: Fiction, Essays, and Conversations
  year: 1996
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref59
– volume: 19
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref27
  article-title: New World Grammars: The ‘Unthought’ Black Discourses of Conquest
  publication-title: Theory and Event
– volume-title: A Desolate Place for a Defiant People: The Archaeology of Maroons, Indigenous Americans, and Enslaved Laborers in the Great Dismal Swamp
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref35
– start-page: 4
  volume-title: Slaves No More: Letters from Liberia 1833–1869
  year: 1980
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref70
– volume-title: Slavery and Social Death: A Comparative Study
  year: 1982
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref20
– volume: 16
  start-page: 2063
  year: 1996
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref13
  article-title: The Slavery of Emancipation
  publication-title: Cardozo Law Review
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref24
  doi: 10.1215/quiparle.13.2.53
– volume: 2
  start-page: 38
  year: 1970
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref30
  article-title: Imehri
  publication-title: Savacou
– volume-title: The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power
  year: 2009
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref50
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref11
  doi: 10.1215/9780822391715
– volume-title: Still Black, Still Strong: Survivors of the War Against Black Revolutionaries
  year: 1993
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref44
– volume: 9
  start-page: 169
  year: 2003
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref18
  article-title: The Avant-Garde of White Supremacy
  publication-title: Social Identities
  doi: 10.1080/1350463032000101542
– year: 1986
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref75
  publication-title: The Politics of Miseducation: The Booker Washington Institute of Liberia 1929–1984
– start-page: 63
  volume-title: Traces of History: Elementary Structures of Race
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref33
– volume: 1
  start-page: 102
  year: 2015
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref26
  article-title: Being or Nothingness: Indigeneity, Antiblackness, and Settler Colonial Critique
  publication-title: Critical Ethnic Studies
  doi: 10.5749/jcritethnstud.1.2.0102
– volume-title: Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition
  year: 2000
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref1
– volume-title: The Slave Trade of Eastern Africa
  year: 1976
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref36
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref23
  doi: 10.4159/9780674054769
– volume-title: The Making of New World Slavery: From the Baroque to the Modern, 1492–1800
  year: 1997
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref5
– start-page: 372
  volume-title: Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa
  year: 1974
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref77
– volume-title: The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas
  year: 2000
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref4
– volume-title: Garvey and Garveyism
  year: 2014
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref47
– volume-title: An Anthropology of Marxism
  year: 2001
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref2
– volume-title: White Supremacy Confronted: U.S. Imperialism and Anti-Communism vs. The Liberation of Southern Africa from Rhodes to Mandela
  year: 2019
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref48
– volume-title: Scenes of Subjection: Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth Century America
  year: 1997
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref9
– start-page: 77
  volume-title: Walter Rodney Speaks: The Making of an African Intellectual
  year: 1990
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref52
– volume: 1
  start-page: 184
  year: 2007
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref32
  article-title: Edward Brathwaite's The Arrivants and the Trope of Cultural Searching
  publication-title: The Journal of Pan-African Studies
– volume-title: Forced Migration: The Impact of the Export Slave Trade on African Societies
  year: 1982
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref68
– volume-title: The Black Shoals: Offshore Formations of Black and Native Studies
  year: 2019
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref28
– start-page: 12
  volume-title: Confronting Black Jacobins: The United States, the Haitian Revolution, and the Origins of the Dominican Republic
  year: 2015
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref63
– volume-title: Black Reconstruction in America
  year: 1979
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref46
– volume-title: The Uncommon Market
  year: 1979
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref55
– start-page: 124
  volume-title: Slavery and African Life
  year: 1990
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref54
– start-page: 104
  volume-title: Barbaric Culture and Black Critique: Black Antislavery Writers, Religion, and the Slaveholding Atlantic
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref60
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref15
  doi: 10.14321/j.ctvcwnj98
– volume-title: How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
  year: 2018
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref49
– start-page: 9
  volume-title: Festivals and Funerals
  year: 1971
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref56
– start-page: 6
  volume-title: Garvey and Garveyism
  year: 2014
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref76
– start-page: 209
  volume-title: The Arrivants: A New World Trilogy—Rites of Passage, Islands, Masks
  year: 1973
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref31
– volume-title: Slavery's Exiles: The Story of the American Maroons
  year: 2016
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref34
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref71
  doi: 10.2979/blackcamera.7.1.134
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref39
  doi: 10.1215/quiparle.13.2.183
– start-page: 205
  volume-title: Haiti, History, and the Gods
  year: 1995
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref65
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref41
  doi: 10.1177/0896920514552535
– volume-title: Colonization After Emancipation: Lincoln and the Movement for Black Settlement
  year: 2011
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref64
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref40
  doi: 10.1353/aq.2017.0019
– start-page: 53
  volume-title: Fighting the Slave Trade: West African Strategies
  year: 2003
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref42
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref7
  doi: 10.4159/9780674369818
– volume-title: Slavery By Another Name: The Reenslavement of African Americans from the Civil War to World War II
  year: 2008
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref14
– start-page: 258
  volume-title: A History of the Upper Guinea Coast, 1545 to 1800
  year: 1970
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref53
– volume-title: The Common Wind: Afro-American Currents in the Age of the Haitian Revolution
  year: 2018
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref62
– start-page: xxix
  volume-title: Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa
  year: 1974
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref16
– volume-title: The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
  year: 2014
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref8
– volume-title: The Salt Eaters
  year: 1992
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref58
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref29
  doi: 10.5749/minnesota/9780816676408.001.0001
– ident: S0147547919000206_ref51
  doi: 10.5749/minnesota/9780816677757.001.0001
– start-page: 162
  volume-title: Precolonial Black Africa
  year: 1987
  ident: S0147547919000206_ref69
RelatedPersons Garvey, Marcus Mosiah (1887-1940)
RelatedPersons_xml – fullname: Garvey, Marcus Mosiah (1887-1940)
SSID ssj0013091
Score 2.16275
Snippet This proposed contribution to the special issue of ILWCH offers a theoretical re-consideration of the Liberian project. If, as is commonly supposed in its...
Copyright © International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc. 20192019International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc.This proposed contribution to the...
SourceID proquest
crossref
jstor
SourceType Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 38
SubjectTerms Accumulation
Alienation
Arab people
Bias
Black people
Colonialism
Colonization
Concept formation
Conversion
Discourse
Economic systems
Economic underdevelopment
Efficacy
Emancipation
Emancipation of slaves
European cultural groups
Exploitation
Freedoms
Garvey, Marcus Mosiah (1887-1940)
Geography
Historiography
History
International trade
Labor history
Leadership
Life after death
Nation states
Ontology
Political discourse
Political economy
Political systems
Politics
Racial identity
Reality
Slave trade
Slavery
Social death
Society
Theory
Trade
Violence
White people
Working class
Subtitle Liberia, Enslavement’s Conversion, and the Settler-Not
Title Marronage, Here and There
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/26857883
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2321676388
Volume 96
WOSCitedRecordID wos000506175700003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ABI/INFORM Global
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-6445
  dateEnd: 20241207
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0013091
  issn: 0147-5479
  databaseCode: M0C
  dateStart: 20070101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/abiglobal
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest ABI/INFORM Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-6445
  dateEnd: 20241207
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0013091
  issn: 0147-5479
  databaseCode: 7WY
  dateStart: 20070101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/abicomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-6445
  dateEnd: 20241207
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0013091
  issn: 0147-5479
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20070101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Research Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-6445
  dateEnd: 20241207
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0013091
  issn: 0147-5479
  databaseCode: M2O
  dateStart: 20070101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/pqrl
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Sociology Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1471-6445
  dateEnd: 20241207
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0013091
  issn: 0147-5479
  databaseCode: M2S
  dateStart: 20070101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/sociology
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS-QwEB90PdCX8_QU904lD-KBbLDt9iP1RXRZ8UHXr_vwnkozSVGQrra9g_3vb5KmyiH44kto0xQKM5mZJL_-fgA7SpPXCoNs9WTIQ9QFz_0YuaLixJOYDrWVA_p5lkwm4vY2vXQbbrWDVXYx0QZqNUWzR75Pmd-PaTIIcfj4xI1qlDlddRIa87BgmMrCHiwcjyeX1y_nCF6rmeeHCY_CJO3ONS1pNHWaPj-153Hxf5mpBSe-CtA265wsv_d7P8FHV2-yo9ZBVmBOl6uw2P2OXNO1k0G_m63CWksaMmO7zDDS5lb1d_YZrs4NVaPByQzYqa40y0vFyMEqfcAs5OQ-H7BxSd5l2cebbzUbGTS73Yob2NFUZ7IbbQiTKz6ZNmvw42T8fXTKnRYDR1rENjxGSmOxFkWBKKMgj9IiRS0CS3AvNeW0OI0wT4ZoyCBlEKFUKpSBlyg_zKUarkOvnJZ6A5gXa1oWSSyQVkOqELmmmkdjgNIrfBVhH7zODhk6onKjl_GQtYi0JHtluj7sPb_y2LJ0vDV43Rr3eWQQC4pbYtiHzc6UmZvJdfZixy9vP_4KS1RMpS3QbxN6TfVHb8EH_Nvc19U2zCe_fm8796S7c29k2uDCtjf_AE_a6sA
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bS9xAFD5YLeiLWqu41tp56AXKDiazuUwKRcQqK-4uLdriW8ycmaBQsjZJW_ZP-Rt7ZpIoIvjmQ9_CZBJI5lznfPMdgLfakNRKi2z1VMADNDnP_Ai5puDEU5gMjGsH9GMUTyby_Dz5Ogc33VkYC6vsbKIz1HqKdo98lzy_H5EySLl3_YvbrlG2utq10GjE4sTM_lLKVn0-_kLr-06Io8OzgyFvuwpwpHSs5hGSQY6MzHNEFYosTPIEjRSOql0Zss5REmIWD9DSGioRotI6UMKLtR9kSg_ovc9gIaBMyEIIx-L0rmrhNR36_CDmYRAnXRXVUVTToB3zE1f9i-75wQYK-cAdOB93tPK__Z1VWG6jabbfiP8LmDPFGix2h60rum6bvF_O1mC9oUSZsffM8u1mrqfx7CV8G1siSosC6rOhKQ3LCs1IfUrziTlAzVXWZ4cF6Y7jVq8_VOzAYvXdRmPfzaYomp0aSwdd8sm0XofvT_LVGzBfTAuzCcyLDCV9CnOkXE_nMjMU0RkUqLzc1yH2wOvWPcWWht12A_mZNni7OH0gKj34ePvIdcNB8tjkDSdMtzNFJMkqy0EPtjvRSVs7VaV3crP1-O03sDg8G4_S0fHk5BUsUdiYNJDGbZivy9_mNTzHP_VVVe44lWBw8dRS9g_vhkNp
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V3fS9xAEB70WmxfamsVr1W7D7aFckuTXH4WRIp6KNrD0l_2Kc3OTlAouWuSVu5f86_r7CZRRPDNB99Csgkk-WZ2ZufbbwA2NTFqY8NsdZQvfaRcZm6IUnNw4ihMhmTbAX0_isbj-OQkOZ6Di24vjKFVdj7ROmo9QbNG_p5nfjdkY-CELW9pEce7o-3pH2k6SJlKa9dOo4HIIc3OOX2rtg52-V-_9rzR3tedfdl2GJDIqVktQ2TnHFKc54gq8LIgyROk2LOy7YrYU4dJgFk0RCNxqLwAlda-8pxIu36m9JCfOw8PIoN7tqXox8-rCobTdOtz_UgGfpR0FVUrV80nzTk3sZXA8Nqc2NAib0wNdr4bLd7nL_UUnrRRtvjYmMUzmKNiCR51m7ArPm6bv5_OlmC5kUqZiTfC6PBmttfx7Dl8_mQEKg07aCD2qSSRFVqwWZX0QViizVk2EHsF25TVXK_fVmLHcPjtAuTAjuboWnwhIxNdyvGkXoZvd_LWK9ArJgWtgnBC4mRQYY6cA-o8zogjPUIPlZO7OsA-OB0GUmzl2U2XkN9pw8OL0huw6cO7y1umjTbJbYNXLLAuR3phzKiNh31Y62CUtv6rSq8w9OL2y69ggcGVHh2MD1_CY44mk4bpuAa9uvxL6_AQ_9VnVblhrUPAr7sG2X9GfExa
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Marronage%2C+Here+and+There&rft.jtitle=International+labor+and+working+class+history&rft.au=Woods%2C+Tryon+P.&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.issn=0147-5479&rft.eissn=1471-6445&rft.issue=96&rft.spage=38&rft.epage=59&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0147547919000206&rft.externalDocID=26857883
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0147-5479&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0147-5479&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0147-5479&client=summon