Sweet escape: The role of empathy in social media engagement with human versus virtual influencers

•People use social media for various purposes, including emotional diversion.•Influencers on social media share emotions to build connections with users.•Virtual influencers emulate similar emotions to human influencers.•Virtual influencers may provide escape from emotional experience.•“Escapism eff...

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Vydáno v:International journal of human-computer studies Ročník 174; s. 103008
Hlavní autoři: Mirowska, Agata, Arsenyan, Jbid
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2023
Elsevier
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ISSN:1071-5819, 1095-9300
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Abstract •People use social media for various purposes, including emotional diversion.•Influencers on social media share emotions to build connections with users.•Virtual influencers emulate similar emotions to human influencers.•Virtual influencers may provide escape from emotional experience.•“Escapism effect” where high empathy users prefer virtual influencers. Virtual influencers engage in emotional sharing to gain and keep followers. However, given that many people use social media for diversion purposes, this emotional sharing may hinder users’ ability to escape from everyday emotional experiences, particularly for highly empathetic individuals. Using a between subjects, randomised experimental design, we explore how empathy affects reactions to virtual vs. human influencers, showing that those highest on empathy are more likely to follow a virtual influencer, and rate her as more socially attractive, than a comparable human influencer; these results disappear when the influencers’ true nature is unknown to participants. We postulate that these results represent an “escapism effect”, where the virtual influencer is expected to provide greater diversionary benefits from everyday human emotional experiences and require fewer cognitive resources in the form of emotional sense making. We present practical implications and future research opportunities arising from this effect.
AbstractList Virtual influencers engage in emotional sharing to gain and keep followers. However, given that many people use social media for diversion purposes, this emotional sharing may hinder users’ ability to escape from everyday emotional experiences, particularly for highly empathetic individuals. Using a between subjects, randomised experimental design, we explore how empathy affects reactions to virtual vs. human influencers, showing that those highest on empathy are more likely to follow a virtual influencer, and rate her as more socially attractive, than a comparable human influencer; these results disappear when the influencers’ true nature is unknown to participants. We postulate that these results represent an “escapism effect”, where the virtual influencer is expected to provide greater diversionary benefits from everyday human emotional experiences and require fewer cognitive resources in the form of emotional sense making. We present practical implications and future research opportunities arising from this effect.
•People use social media for various purposes, including emotional diversion.•Influencers on social media share emotions to build connections with users.•Virtual influencers emulate similar emotions to human influencers.•Virtual influencers may provide escape from emotional experience.•“Escapism effect” where high empathy users prefer virtual influencers. Virtual influencers engage in emotional sharing to gain and keep followers. However, given that many people use social media for diversion purposes, this emotional sharing may hinder users’ ability to escape from everyday emotional experiences, particularly for highly empathetic individuals. Using a between subjects, randomised experimental design, we explore how empathy affects reactions to virtual vs. human influencers, showing that those highest on empathy are more likely to follow a virtual influencer, and rate her as more socially attractive, than a comparable human influencer; these results disappear when the influencers’ true nature is unknown to participants. We postulate that these results represent an “escapism effect”, where the virtual influencer is expected to provide greater diversionary benefits from everyday human emotional experiences and require fewer cognitive resources in the form of emotional sense making. We present practical implications and future research opportunities arising from this effect.
ArticleNumber 103008
Author Arsenyan, Jbid
Mirowska, Agata
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-5475-5826
  surname: Mirowska
  fullname: Mirowska, Agata
  email: agata.mirowska@neoma-bs.fr
  organization: Neoma Business School, 1 Rue du Maréchal Juin, Mont-Saint-Aignan 76130, France
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jbid
  surname: Arsenyan
  fullname: Arsenyan, Jbid
  organization: Rennes School of Business, 2 rue Robert d'Arbrissel, Rennes 35000, France
BackLink https://rennes-sb.hal.science/hal-04021848$$DView record in HAL
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Keywords Virtual influencer
Uncanny valley
Empathy
Virtual agent
Social media influencer
Language English
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Snippet •People use social media for various purposes, including emotional diversion.•Influencers on social media share emotions to build connections with...
Virtual influencers engage in emotional sharing to gain and keep followers. However, given that many people use social media for diversion purposes, this...
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SourceType Open Access Repository
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Publisher
StartPage 103008
SubjectTerms Computer Science
Empathy
Life Sciences
Neurons and Cognition
Psychology and behavior
Social and Information Networks
Social media influencer
Uncanny valley
Virtual agent
Virtual influencer
Title Sweet escape: The role of empathy in social media engagement with human versus virtual influencers
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103008
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Volume 174
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