A Radar-Based Climatology of Mesoscale Convective Systems in the United States

This research applies an automated mesoscale convective system (MCS) segmentation, classification, and tracking approach to composite radar reflectivity mosaic images that cover the contiguous United States (CONUS) and span a relatively long study period of 22 years (1996–2017). These data afford a...

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Vydané v:	Journal of climate Ročník 32; číslo 5; s. 1591 - 1606
Hlavní autori:	Haberlie, Alex M., Ashley, Walker S.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Boston American Meteorological Society 01.03.2019
Predmet:	Agricultural land Annual rainfall Aquifer recharge Aquifers Automation Climate Climatology Corn Corn belt Datasets Floods Groundwater recharge High plains Hydroclimate Hydrologic data Image classification Image segmentation Interannual variability Land use Mesoscale convective complexes Mesoscale convective systems Precipitation Precipitation data Radar Radar imaging Radar reflectivity Radar tracking Rain Rainfall Reflectance Regions Seasonal rainfall Seasonal variability Seasonal variation Seasons Studies Warm seasons Continental Divide United States > US
ISSN:	0894-8755, 1520-0442
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Abstract	This research applies an automated mesoscale convective system (MCS) segmentation, classification, and tracking approach to composite radar reflectivity mosaic images that cover the contiguous United States (CONUS) and span a relatively long study period of 22 years (1996–2017). These data afford a novel assessment of the seasonal and interannual variability of MCSs. Additionally, hourly precipitation data from 16 of those years (2002–17) are used to systematically examine rainfall associated with radar-derived MCS events. The attributes and occurrence of MCSs that pass over portions of the CONUS east of the Continental Divide (ECONUS), as well as five author-defined subregions—North Plains, High Plains, Corn Belt, Northeast, and Mid-South—are also examined. The results illustrate two preferred regions for MCS activity in the ECONUS: 1) the Mid-South and Gulf Coast and 2) the Central Plains and Midwest. MCS occurrence and MCS rainfall display a marked seasonal cycle, with most of the regions experiencing these events primarily during the warm season (May–August). Additionally, MCS rainfall was responsible for over 50% of annual and seasonal rainfall for many locations in the ECONUS. Of particular importance, the majority of warm-season rainfall for regions with high agricultural land use (Corn Belt) and important aquifer recharge properties (High Plains) is attributable to MCSs. These results reaffirm that MCSs are a significant aspect of the ECONUS hydroclimate.
AbstractList	This research applies an automated mesoscale convective system (MCS) segmentation, classification, and tracking approach to composite radar reflectivity mosaic images that cover the contiguous United States (CONUS) and span a relatively long study period of 22 years (1996–2017). These data afford a novel assessment of the seasonal and interannual variability of MCSs. Additionally, hourly precipitation data from 16 of those years (2002–17) are used to systematically examine rainfall associated with radar-derived MCS events. The attributes and occurrence of MCSs that pass over portions of the CONUS east of the Continental Divide (ECONUS), as well as five author-defined subregions—North Plains, High Plains, Corn Belt, Northeast, and Mid-South—are also examined. The results illustrate two preferred regions for MCS activity in the ECONUS: 1) the Mid-South and Gulf Coast and 2) the Central Plains and Midwest. MCS occurrence and MCS rainfall display a marked seasonal cycle, with most of the regions experiencing these events primarily during the warm season (May–August). Additionally, MCS rainfall was responsible for over 50% of annual and seasonal rainfall for many locations in the ECONUS. Of particular importance, the majority of warm-season rainfall for regions with high agricultural land use (Corn Belt) and important aquifer recharge properties (High Plains) is attributable to MCSs. These results reaffirm that MCSs are a significant aspect of the ECONUS hydroclimate.
Author	Haberlie, Alex M. Ashley, Walker S.
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Snippet	This research applies an automated mesoscale convective system (MCS) segmentation, classification, and tracking approach to composite radar reflectivity mosaic...
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SubjectTerms	Agricultural land Annual rainfall Aquifer recharge Aquifers Automation Climate Climatology Corn Corn belt Datasets Floods Groundwater recharge High plains Hydroclimate Hydrologic data Image classification Image segmentation Interannual variability Land use Mesoscale convective complexes Mesoscale convective systems Precipitation Precipitation data Radar Radar imaging Radar reflectivity Radar tracking Rain Rainfall Reflectance Regions Seasonal rainfall Seasonal variability Seasonal variation Seasons Studies Warm seasons
Title	A Radar-Based Climatology of Mesoscale Convective Systems in the United States
URI	https://www.jstor.org/stable/26663150 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2400579655
Volume	32
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