Optimal operation of a virtual power plant in frequency constrained electricity market
In this study, optimal offering strategy problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) as a price-maker player in day-ahead frequency constrained electricity market is presented. The optimal offering strategy problem is modelled as a bi-level optimisation problem. In the upper-level problem, the total prof...
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| Vydáno v: | IET generation, transmission & distribution Ročník 13; číslo 11; s. 2123 - 2133 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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The Institution of Engineering and Technology
04.06.2019
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| ISSN: | 1751-8687, 1751-8695 |
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| Abstract | In this study, optimal offering strategy problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) as a price-maker player in day-ahead frequency constrained electricity market is presented. The optimal offering strategy problem is modelled as a bi-level optimisation problem. In the upper-level problem, the total profit of VPP is maximised. In the lower-level problem, the clearing conditions of frequency constrained electricity market are modelled. The proposed bi-level optimisation problem is reformulated as a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) problem by using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. Then, the proposed MPEC problem, which is non-linear and hard to solve by commercial solvers, is transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem by using strong duality theorem and big-number mathematical technique. Here, stochastic optimisation is included in the modelling to enable the VPP for optimisation in the presence of uncertainties, e.g. renewable energy source generations, demands, and offering strategies of rivals. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed model is investigated by implementing it on various case studies. |
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| AbstractList | In this study, optimal offering strategy problem of a virtual power plant (VPP) as a price‐maker player in day‐ahead frequency constrained electricity market is presented. The optimal offering strategy problem is modelled as a bi‐level optimisation problem. In the upper‐level problem, the total profit of VPP is maximised. In the lower‐level problem, the clearing conditions of frequency constrained electricity market are modelled. The proposed bi‐level optimisation problem is reformulated as a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) problem by using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. Then, the proposed MPEC problem, which is non‐linear and hard to solve by commercial solvers, is transformed into a mixed‐integer linear programming problem by using strong duality theorem and big‐number mathematical technique. Here, stochastic optimisation is included in the modelling to enable the VPP for optimisation in the presence of uncertainties, e.g. renewable energy source generations, demands, and offering strategies of rivals. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed model is investigated by implementing it on various case studies. |
| Author | Mousavi, Mohammad Rayati, Mohammad Ranjbar, Ali Mohammad |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mohammad orcidid: 0000-0002-5929-1776 surname: Mousavi fullname: Mousavi, Mohammad email: mohammadmousavi@ieee.org organization: Center of Excellence in Power System Management & Control, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 2 givenname: Mohammad surname: Rayati fullname: Rayati, Mohammad organization: Center of Excellence in Power System Management & Control, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran – sequence: 3 givenname: Ali Mohammad surname: Ranjbar fullname: Ranjbar, Ali Mohammad organization: Center of Excellence in Power System Management & Control, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2024_132388 crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_stg_2020_0038 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPWRS_2021_3117571 crossref_primary_10_3390_en15103607 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10749_022_01431_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2021_107465 crossref_primary_10_1049_gtd2_12187 crossref_primary_10_1109_TSG_2020_3020163 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2022_108799 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2021_111393 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rineng_2025_105548 crossref_primary_10_1002_oca_3037 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_esr_2024_101390 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_segan_2021_100502 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_est_2024_113057 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_124355 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_epsr_2021_107513 crossref_primary_10_1049_gtd2_12543 crossref_primary_10_3390_en15093207 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.020 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2273276 10.1017/CBO9780511804441 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.857011 10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2483781 10.1109/TPWRS.2006.888963 10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2236108 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2242702 10.1109/TSG.2012.2227513 10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2411556 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852146 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2583435 10.1109/TSG.2013.2259270 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2070884 10.1109/TSTE.2017.2706563 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.011 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2298838 10.1109/TSTE.2015.2406322 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2682235 10.1049/iet-rpg:20060023 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2264942 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.06.059 |
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| Keywords | big-number mathematical technique frequency constrained electricity market renewable energy sources optimal offering strategy problem integer programming strong duality theorem virtual power plant linear programming upper-level problem bi-level optimisation problem MPEC problem mathematical programming mixed-integer linear programming problem optimal operation optimisation day-ahead frequency equilibrium constraints problem price-maker player Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions VPP duality (mathematics) power markets pricing lower-level problem |
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| SubjectTerms | big‐number mathematical technique bi‐level optimisation problem day‐ahead frequency duality (mathematics) equilibrium constraints problem frequency constrained electricity market integer programming Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions linear programming lower‐level problem mathematical programming mixed‐integer linear programming problem MPEC problem optimal offering strategy problem optimal operation optimisation power markets price‐maker player pricing renewable energy sources Special Issue: Emerging Technologies for Virtual Power Plant and Microgrid strong duality theorem upper‐level problem virtual power plant VPP |
| Title | Optimal operation of a virtual power plant in frequency constrained electricity market |
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