Validity of an ICD-10 Coding Algorithm for Acute Heat Illness in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD ninth revision codes for AHI have been validated in the U.S., there have been no studies on the validity of ICD-10 codes for AHI in Canada. T...

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Vydané v:	International journal of environmental research and public health Ročník 21; číslo 9; s. 1132
Hlavní autori:	Baassiri, Hasan, Varghese, Timothy, Clemens, Kristin K., Ouédraogo, Alexandra M., Van Aarsen, Kristine, Vujčić, Branka, Yan, Justin W.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Switzerland MDPI AG 27.08.2024 MDPI
Predmet:	Adolescent Adult Aged Algorithms Child Child, Preschool Codes Cohort analysis Emergency medical care Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data Fainting Female Health sciences Heat Heat Stress Disorders - diagnosis Heat Stress Disorders - epidemiology Heatstroke Humans Illnesses International Classification of Diseases London Male Medical records Middle Aged Patients Retrospective Studies Validity Young Adult London Ontario Canada Canada United States > US retrospective cohort study ICD-10 coding algorithm acute heat illness emergency department
ISSN:	1660-4601, 1661-7827, 1660-4601
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Abstract	Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD ninth revision codes for AHI have been validated in the U.S., there have been no studies on the validity of ICD-10 codes for AHI in Canada. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of an ICD-10 coding algorithm for ED encounters for AHI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children and adults who had ED encounters at two large academic, tertiary hospitals in London, Canada, between May and September 2014–2018. We developed an algorithm of ICD-10 codes for AHI based upon a literature review and clinical expertise. Our “gold-standard” definition of AHI was patient-reported heat exposure and documentation of at least one heat-related complaint. To establish positive predictive value (PPV), we reviewed 62 algorithm-positive records and noted which met our “gold-standard” definition. To calculate negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp), we randomly reviewed 964 ED records for associated ICD-10 codes and diagnoses. Two independent reviewers completed blinded data abstraction, with duplicate abstraction in 20% of the sample. Of the 62 algorithm-positive records, mean (SD) age was 38.8 (23.8) years; 37% were female. PPV was 61.3 ± 12.1% (95% CI). Of the 964 randomly selected records, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (26.5) years; 51.1% were female. The NPV was 99.7 ± 0.4%, sensitivity 25.0 ± 42.4%, and specificity 100.0 ± 0.0%. An ICD-10 coding algorithm for AHI had high specificity but was limited in sensitivity. This algorithm can be used to assemble and study cohorts of patients who have had an AHI, but may underestimate the true incidence of AHI presentations in the ED.
AbstractList	Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD ninth revision codes for AHI have been validated in the U.S., there have been no studies on the validity of ICD-10 codes for AHI in Canada. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of an ICD-10 coding algorithm for ED encounters for AHI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children and adults who had ED encounters at two large academic, tertiary hospitals in London, Canada, between May and September 2014–2018. We developed an algorithm of ICD-10 codes for AHI based upon a literature review and clinical expertise. Our “gold-standard” definition of AHI was patient-reported heat exposure and documentation of at least one heat-related complaint. To establish positive predictive value (PPV), we reviewed 62 algorithm-positive records and noted which met our “gold-standard” definition. To calculate negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp), we randomly reviewed 964 ED records for associated ICD-10 codes and diagnoses. Two independent reviewers completed blinded data abstraction, with duplicate abstraction in 20% of the sample. Of the 62 algorithm-positive records, mean (SD) age was 38.8 (23.8) years; 37% were female. PPV was 61.3 ± 12.1% (95% CI). Of the 964 randomly selected records, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (26.5) years; 51.1% were female. The NPV was 99.7 ± 0.4%, sensitivity 25.0 ± 42.4%, and specificity 100.0 ± 0.0%. An ICD-10 coding algorithm for AHI had high specificity but was limited in sensitivity. This algorithm can be used to assemble and study cohorts of patients who have had an AHI, but may underestimate the true incidence of AHI presentations in the ED. Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD ninth revision codes for AHI have been validated in the U.S., there have been no studies on the validity of ICD-10 codes for AHI in Canada. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of an ICD-10 coding algorithm for ED encounters for AHI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children and adults who had ED encounters at two large academic, tertiary hospitals in London, Canada, between May and September 2014-2018. We developed an algorithm of ICD-10 codes for AHI based upon a literature review and clinical expertise. Our "gold-standard" definition of AHI was patient-reported heat exposure and documentation of at least one heat-related complaint. To establish positive predictive value (PPV), we reviewed 62 algorithm-positive records and noted which met our "gold-standard" definition. To calculate negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp), we randomly reviewed 964 ED records for associated ICD-10 codes and diagnoses. Two independent reviewers completed blinded data abstraction, with duplicate abstraction in 20% of the sample. Of the 62 algorithm-positive records, mean (SD) age was 38.8 (23.8) years; 37% were female. PPV was 61.3 ± 12.1% (95% CI). Of the 964 randomly selected records, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (26.5) years; 51.1% were female. The NPV was 99.7 ± 0.4%, sensitivity 25.0 ± 42.4%, and specificity 100.0 ± 0.0%. An ICD-10 coding algorithm for AHI had high specificity but was limited in sensitivity. This algorithm can be used to assemble and study cohorts of patients who have had an AHI, but may underestimate the true incidence of AHI presentations in the ED.Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD ninth revision codes for AHI have been validated in the U.S., there have been no studies on the validity of ICD-10 codes for AHI in Canada. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of an ICD-10 coding algorithm for ED encounters for AHI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children and adults who had ED encounters at two large academic, tertiary hospitals in London, Canada, between May and September 2014-2018. We developed an algorithm of ICD-10 codes for AHI based upon a literature review and clinical expertise. Our "gold-standard" definition of AHI was patient-reported heat exposure and documentation of at least one heat-related complaint. To establish positive predictive value (PPV), we reviewed 62 algorithm-positive records and noted which met our "gold-standard" definition. To calculate negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp), we randomly reviewed 964 ED records for associated ICD-10 codes and diagnoses. Two independent reviewers completed blinded data abstraction, with duplicate abstraction in 20% of the sample. Of the 62 algorithm-positive records, mean (SD) age was 38.8 (23.8) years; 37% were female. PPV was 61.3 ± 12.1% (95% CI). Of the 964 randomly selected records, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (26.5) years; 51.1% were female. The NPV was 99.7 ± 0.4%, sensitivity 25.0 ± 42.4%, and specificity 100.0 ± 0.0%. An ICD-10 coding algorithm for AHI had high specificity but was limited in sensitivity. This algorithm can be used to assemble and study cohorts of patients who have had an AHI, but may underestimate the true incidence of AHI presentations in the ED.
Author	Yan, Justin W. Ouédraogo, Alexandra M. Clemens, Kristin K. Varghese, Timothy Vujčić, Branka Baassiri, Hasan Van Aarsen, Kristine
AuthorAffiliation	3 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada 2 Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada 1 Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada 4 ICES, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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Cites_doi	10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.08.106 10.1200/JCO.21.02592 10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00429 10.1177/0033354917699826 10.1136/bmj.h5527 10.5811/westjem.2020.11.49007 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00822.x 10.3390/ijerph192214781 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002352 10.9778/cmajo.20150111 10.1007/s11892-018-1018-0 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.11.003 10.1177/0033354917710946 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32464-9 10.1056/NEJMcp2210623 10.1016/j.jbi.2014.02.013 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E
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Snippet	Acute heat illness (AHI) from extreme environmental heat exposure can lead to emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and even death. While the ICD...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adult Aged Algorithms Child Child, Preschool Codes Cohort analysis Emergency medical care Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data Fainting Female Health sciences Heat Heat Stress Disorders - diagnosis Heat Stress Disorders - epidemiology Heatstroke Humans Illnesses International Classification of Diseases London Male Medical records Middle Aged Patients Retrospective Studies Validity Young Adult
Title	Validity of an ICD-10 Coding Algorithm for Acute Heat Illness in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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