Theory of sampling (TOS) versus measurement uncertainty (MU) – A call for integration

•Critical appraisal of approaches to Measurement Uncertainty (MU).•Theory of Sampling (TOS) – the missing link in MU.•Untreated sampling errors result in uncontrollable, inflated estimates of MUtotal.•TOS alone should be responsible for the analytical aliquot (precedence over MU). We assess current...

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Published in:TrAC, Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.) Vol. 57; pp. 93 - 106
Main Authors: Esbensen, Kim H., Wagner, Claas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V 01.05.2014
Subjects:
Correct sampling error
EURACHEM/CITAC
GUM
Inconstant sampling bias
Incorrect sampling error
Measurement uncertainty
sampling
Sampling bias
Sampling error
terminology
Theory of sampling
time series analysis
Total sampling error
uncertainty
Incorrect sampling error
Sampling error
EURACHEM/CITAC
Correct sampling error
Theory of sampling
Measurement uncertainty
Inconstant sampling bias
Total sampling error
Sampling bias
GUM
ISSN:0165-9936, 1879-3142
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:•Critical appraisal of approaches to Measurement Uncertainty (MU).•Theory of Sampling (TOS) – the missing link in MU.•Untreated sampling errors result in uncontrollable, inflated estimates of MUtotal.•TOS alone should be responsible for the analytical aliquot (precedence over MU). We assess current approaches to measurement uncertainty (MU) with respect to the complete ensemble of sources affecting the measurement process, in particular the extent to which sampling errors as set out in the Theory of Sampling (TOS) are appropriately considered in the GUM and EURACHEM/CITAC guides. All pre-analysis sampling steps play an important, often dominant role in the total uncertainty budget, thereby critically affecting the validity of MU estimates, but most of these contributions are not included in the current MU framework. The TOS constitutes the only complete theoretical platform for dealing appropriately with the entire pathway from field sample to test portion. We here propose a way to reconcile the often strongly felt differences between MU and TOS. There is no need to debate terminology, as both TOS and MU can be left with their current usages.
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ISSN:0165-9936
1879-3142
DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2014.02.007