Fourier Plane-Wave Series Expansion for Holographic MIMO Communications

Imagine a MIMO communication system that fully exploits the propagation characteristics offered by an electromagnetic channel and ultimately approaches the limits imposed by wireless communications. This is the concept of Holographic MIMO communications. Accurate and tractable channel modeling is cr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on wireless communications Vol. 21; no. 9; pp. 6890 - 6905
Main Authors: Pizzo, Andrea, Sanguinetti, Luca, Marzetta, Thomas L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York IEEE 01.09.2022
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Antenna arrays
Approximation
Communications systems
Electromagnetic MIMO channel modeling
Electromagnetic scattering
Electromagnetics
Far fields
First principles
Fourier series
Fourier spectral representation
Holographic MIMO
Holography
Mathematical analysis
MIMO communication
near-field communications
plane-wave decomposition
Propagation
Series expansion
Stochastic models
Stochastic processes
Wave propagation
Wireless communication
Wireless communications
ISSN:1536-1276, 1558-2248
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Imagine a MIMO communication system that fully exploits the propagation characteristics offered by an electromagnetic channel and ultimately approaches the limits imposed by wireless communications. This is the concept of Holographic MIMO communications. Accurate and tractable channel modeling is critical to understanding its full potential. Classical stochastic models used by communications theorists are derived under the electromagnetic far-field assumption, i.e. planar wave approximation over the array. However, such assumption breaks down when electromagnetically large (compared to the wavelength) antenna arrays are considered. In this paper, we start from the first principles of wave propagation and provide a Fourier plane-wave series expansion of the channel response, which fully captures the essence of electromagnetic propagation in arbitrary scattering and is also valid in the (radiative) near-field. The expansion is based on the Fourier spectral representation and has an intuitive physical interpretation, as it statistically describes the angular coupling between source and receiver. When discretized uniformly, it leads to a low-rank semi-unitarily equivalent approximation of the electromagnetic channel in the angular domain. The developed channel model is used to compute the ergodic capacity of a point-to-point Holographic MIMO system with different degrees of channel state information.
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ISSN:1536-1276
1558-2248
DOI:10.1109/TWC.2022.3152965