An ESPI experimental study on the phenomenon of fracture in glass. Is it brittle or plastic?
The crack opening displacement (COD) in annealed soda-lime (float) glass has been measured with an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) apparatus using coherent laser light. Specimens, naturally pre-cracked with a particular technique, were loaded under strain-driven bending until crack...
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| Vydané v: | Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids Ročník 59; číslo 7; s. 1338 - 1354 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2011
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| ISSN: | 0022-5096 |
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| Abstract | The crack opening displacement (COD) in annealed soda-lime (float) glass has been measured with an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) apparatus using coherent laser light. Specimens, naturally pre-cracked with a particular technique, were loaded under strain-driven bending until crack propagated; at regular intervals loading was paused to let the crack reach subcritical equilibrium and the COD measured. By using a post-processing algorithm comparing four images lighted with phase-shifted laser beams, surface displacements could be measured at a resolution of
0.01
μ
m
.
Glass transparency has allowed to see through that the propagating crack front is not sharp but curved, jagged and merged in an opaque neighborhood. Numerical simulations show that the measured CODs cannot be reproduced if cohesive
surface forces
à la Barenblatt–Dugdale bridge the crack lips; instead a plastic-like region must form in a
bulk neighborhood of the tip, where inelastic strains are associated with volume increase rather than deviatoric distortion. For this, a Gurson–Tvergaard model of porous plasticity, accounting for the formation of microvoids/microcracks, has been found more efficient than classical von Mises plasticity. This study confirms the formation at the crack tip of a process zone, whose occurrence in brittle materials like glass is still a subject of controversy. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The crack opening displacement (COD) in annealed soda-lime (float) glass has been measured with an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) apparatus using coherent laser light. Specimens, naturally pre-cracked with a particular technique, were loaded under strain-driven bending until crack propagated; at regular intervals loading was paused to let the crack reach subcritical equilibrium and the COD measured. By using a post-processing algorithm comparing four images lighted with phase-shifted laser beams, surface displacements could be measured at a resolution of
0.01
μ
m
.
Glass transparency has allowed to see through that the propagating crack front is not sharp but curved, jagged and merged in an opaque neighborhood. Numerical simulations show that the measured CODs cannot be reproduced if cohesive
surface forces
à la Barenblatt–Dugdale bridge the crack lips; instead a plastic-like region must form in a
bulk neighborhood of the tip, where inelastic strains are associated with volume increase rather than deviatoric distortion. For this, a Gurson–Tvergaard model of porous plasticity, accounting for the formation of microvoids/microcracks, has been found more efficient than classical von Mises plasticity. This study confirms the formation at the crack tip of a process zone, whose occurrence in brittle materials like glass is still a subject of controversy. The crack opening displacement (COD) in annealed soda-lime (float) glass has been measured with an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) apparatus using coherent laser light. Specimens, naturally pre-cracked with a particular technique, were loaded under strain-driven bending until crack propagated; at regular intervals loading was paused to let the crack reach subcritical equilibrium and the COD measured. By using a post-processing algorithm comparing four images lighted with phase-shifted laser beams, surface displacements could be measured at a resolution of [inline image]. Glass transparency has allowed to see through that the propagating crack front is not sharp but curved, jagged and merged in an opaque neighborhood. Numerical simulations show that the measured CODs cannot be reproduced if cohesive surface forces a la Barenblatt-Dugdale bridge the crack lips; instead a plastic-like region must form in a bulk neighborhood of the tip, where inelastic strains are associated with volume increase rather than deviatoric distortion. For this, a Gurson-Tvergaard model of porous plasticity, accounting for the formation of microvoids/microcracks, has been found more efficient than classical von Mises plasticity. This study confirms the formation at the crack tip of a process zone, whose occurrence in brittle materials like glass is still a subject of controversy. |
| Author | Ferretti, Daniele Rossi, Marco Royer-Carfagni, Gianni |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Daniele surname: Ferretti fullname: Ferretti, Daniele organization: Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 181/A, I 43100 Parma, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Marco surname: Rossi fullname: Rossi, Marco organization: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Diotisalvi 2, I 56126 Pisa, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Gianni surname: Royer-Carfagni fullname: Royer-Carfagni, Gianni email: gianni.royer@unipr.it organization: Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 181/A, I 43100 Parma, Italy |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1967.tb15145.x 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.215502 10.1016/0013-7944(81)90006-0 10.1016/j.tafmec.2003.11.022 10.1002/nme.1620240713 10.1016/j.jmps.2010.06.006 10.1364/AO.24.003053 10.1016/S0022-5096(98)00034-9 10.1016/0013-7944(84)90070-5 10.1007/BF00752191 10.1179/msc.1980.14.8-9.450 10.1007/BF00545170 10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70121-2 10.1209/epl/i1996-00493-3 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1983.tb09980.x 10.1115/1.3443401 10.1016/j.jmps.2010.02.010 10.1016/0022-5096(60)90013-2 10.1016/0013-7944(69)90010-1 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.075504 10.1088/0022-3727/42/21/214006 10.1115/1.3224807 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb02077.x 10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00028-9 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1985.tb15246.x 10.1016/0001-6160(87)90108-8 10.1007/BF00036191 10.1016/0167-6636(94)00008-5 |
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| Keywords | Cohesive crack Crack opening displacement (COD) Porous plasticity Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) Glass |
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| Snippet | The crack opening displacement (COD) in annealed soda-lime (float) glass has been measured with an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) apparatus... |
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Cohesive crack Crack opening displacement Crack opening displacement (COD) Electronic speckle pattern interferometry Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) Fracture mechanics Glass Mathematical models Plasticity Porous plasticity |
| Title | An ESPI experimental study on the phenomenon of fracture in glass. Is it brittle or plastic? |
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