Investigating the Effect of Operation Mode and Manifestation on Physicalizations of Dynamic Processes

We conducted a study to systematically investigate the communication of complex dynamic processes along a two‐dimensional design space, where the axes represent a representation's manifestation (physical or virtual) and operation (manual or automatic). We exemplify the design space on a model e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Computer graphics forum Vol. 43; no. 3
Main Authors: Pahr, Daniel, Ehlers, Henry, Wu, Hsiang‐Yun, Waldner, Manuela, Raidou, RenataG
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.06.2024
Subjects:
CCS Concepts
Cues
Empirical studies in visualization
Human‐centered computing → Visualization application domains
Representations
Taskload
ISSN:0167-7055, 1467-8659
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:We conducted a study to systematically investigate the communication of complex dynamic processes along a two‐dimensional design space, where the axes represent a representation's manifestation (physical or virtual) and operation (manual or automatic). We exemplify the design space on a model embodying cardiovascular pathologies, represented by a mechanism where a liquid is pumped into a draining vessel, with complications illustrated through modifications to the model. The results of a mixed‐methods lab study with 28 participants show that both physical manifestation and manual operation have a strong positive impact on the audience's engagement. The study does not show a measurable knowledge increase with respect to cardiovascular pathologies using manually operated physical representations. However, subjectively, participants report a better understanding of the process—mainly through non‐visual cues like haptics, but also auditory cues. The study also indicates an increased task load when interacting with the process, which, however, seems to play a minor role for the participants. Overall, the study shows a clear potential of physicalization for the communication of complex dynamic processes, which only fully unfold if observers have to chance to interact with the process.
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ISSN:0167-7055
1467-8659
DOI:10.1111/cgf.15106