Community and the Crime Decline: The Causal Effect of Local Nonprofits on Violent Crime

Largely overlooked in the theoretical and empirical literature on the crime decline is a long tradition of research in criminology and urban sociology that considers how violence is regulated through informal sources of social control arising from residents and organizations internal to communities....

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Vydané v:	American sociological review Ročník 82; číslo 6; s. 1214 - 1240
Hlavní autori:	Sharkey, Patrick, Torrats-Espinosa, Gerard, Takyar, Delaram
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publishing 01.12.2017 SAGE Publications American Sociological Association
Predmet:	Causality Cities Communities Community associations Community life Community living Community Relations Crime Crime prevention Crime rates Criminal justice Criminal law Criminal statistics Criminology Homicide Murder Murders & murder attempts Neighborhoods Nonprofit organizations Property Property crimes Property offences Residents Social control Sociology Urban crime Urban sociology Violence Violent crime Violent crimes United States > US nonprofits instrumental variables community systemic model violence
ISSN:	0003-1224, 1939-8271
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Shrnutí:	Largely overlooked in the theoretical and empirical literature on the crime decline is a long tradition of research in criminology and urban sociology that considers how violence is regulated through informal sources of social control arising from residents and organizations internal to communities. In this article, we incorporate the "systemic" model of community life into debates on the U.S. crime drop, and we focus on the role that local nonprofit organizations played in the national decline of violence from the 1990s to the 2010s. Using longitudinal data and a strategy to account for the endogeneity of nonprofit formation, we estimate the causal effect on violent crime of nonprofits focused on reducing violence and building stronger communities. Drawing on a panel of 264 cities spanning more than 20 years, we estimate that every 10 additional organizations focusing on crime and community life in a city with 100,000 residents leads to a 9 percent reduction in the murder rate, a 6 percent reduction in the violent crime rate, and a 4 percent reduction in the property crime rate.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14
ISSN:	0003-1224 1939-8271
DOI:	10.1177/0003122417736289