Exceptional preservation of a prehistoric human brain from Heslington, Yorkshire, UK
Archaeological work in advance of construction at a site on the edge of York, UK, yielded human remains of prehistoric to Romano-British date. Amongst these was a mandible and cranium, the intra-cranial space of which contained shrunken but macroscopically recognizable remains of a brain. Although t...
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| Published in: | Journal of archaeological science Vol. 38; no. 7; pp. 1641 - 1654 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2011
Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 0305-4403, 1095-9238 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Archaeological work in advance of construction at a site on the edge of York, UK, yielded human remains of prehistoric to Romano-British date. Amongst these was a mandible and cranium, the intra-cranial space of which contained shrunken but macroscopically recognizable remains of a brain. Although the distinctive surface morphology of the organ is preserved, little recognizable brain histology survives. Though rare, the survival of brain tissue in otherwise skeletalised human remains from wet burial environments is not unique. A survey of the literature shows that similar brain masses have been previously reported in diverse circumstances. We argue for a greater awareness of these brain masses and for more attention to be paid to their detection and identification in order to improve the reporting rate and to allow a more comprehensive study of this rare archaeological survival.
► Survival of a prehistoric brain in an excavated skull. ► Exceptional ceremonial deposit. ► Characterisation of the composition of the preserved brain. ► Critical review of brain survival in skeletalised human remains back to the 18th century. ► Investigation of conditions for brain preservation. |
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| AbstractList | Archaeological work in advance of construction at a site on the edge of York, UK, yielded human remains of prehistoric to Romano-British date. Amongst these was a mandible and cranium, the intra-cranial space of which contained shrunken but macroscopically recognizable remains of a brain. Although the distinctive surface morphology of the organ is preserved, little recognizable brain histology survives. Though rare, the survival of brain tissue in otherwise skeletalised human remains from wet burial environments is not unique. A survey of the literature shows that similar brain masses have been previously reported in diverse circumstances. We argue for a greater awareness of these brain masses and for more attention to be paid to their detection and identification in order to improve the reporting rate and to allow a more comprehensive study of this rare archaeological survival.
► Survival of a prehistoric brain in an excavated skull. ► Exceptional ceremonial deposit. ► Characterisation of the composition of the preserved brain. ► Critical review of brain survival in skeletalised human remains back to the 18th century. ► Investigation of conditions for brain preservation. |
| Author | O’Connor, Sonia Heaton, Karl Rumsby, Martin Keely, Brendan J. Brown, Keri A. Buckberry, Jo Schutkowski, Holger Edwards, Howell G.M. Pickering, Matthew D. Shackleton, Kimberley A. Heron, Carl Gledhill, Andy Usai, Maria-Raimonda Anwar, Danish Masinton, Anthony Thomas-Oates, Jane Gardner, Peter Collins, Matthew Denton, John Wilson, Andrew S. Petzold, Axel Faria, Elsa Correia Bergström, Ed Ali, Esam Penkman, Kirsty Janaway, Rob King, David Al-Sabah, Salim Dorling, Konrad M. Duffey, Phil Dowle, Adam Thomas, Jerry Buckley, Stephen O’Connor, Terry |
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A. organization: Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK – sequence: 7 givenname: Jo surname: Buckberry fullname: Buckberry, Jo organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 8 givenname: Stephen surname: Buckley fullname: Buckley, Stephen organization: Department of Archaeology, University of York, King’s Manor, York YO1 7EP, UK – sequence: 9 givenname: Matthew surname: Collins fullname: Collins, Matthew organization: BioArCh, Departments of Biology, Archaeology and Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 10 givenname: John surname: Denton fullname: Denton, John organization: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK – sequence: 11 givenname: Konrad M. surname: Dorling fullname: Dorling, Konrad M. organization: Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK – sequence: 12 givenname: Adam surname: Dowle fullname: Dowle, Adam organization: Technology Facility, Department of Biology , University of York, PO Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK – sequence: 13 givenname: Phil surname: Duffey fullname: Duffey, Phil organization: YorkHospital, Wigginton Road, York YO31 8HE, UK – sequence: 14 givenname: Howell G.M. surname: Edwards fullname: Edwards, Howell G.M. organization: Chemical and Forensic Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 15 givenname: Elsa Correia surname: Faria fullname: Faria, Elsa Correia organization: Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK – sequence: 16 givenname: Peter surname: Gardner fullname: Gardner, Peter organization: Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK – sequence: 17 givenname: Andy surname: Gledhill fullname: Gledhill, Andy organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 18 givenname: Karl surname: Heaton fullname: Heaton, Karl organization: Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 19 givenname: Carl surname: Heron fullname: Heron, Carl organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 20 givenname: Rob surname: Janaway fullname: Janaway, Rob organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 21 givenname: Brendan J. surname: Keely fullname: Keely, Brendan J. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 22 givenname: David surname: King fullname: King, David organization: YorkHospital, Wigginton Road, York YO31 8HE, UK – sequence: 23 givenname: Anthony surname: Masinton fullname: Masinton, Anthony organization: Department of Archaeology, University of York, King’s Manor, York YO1 7EP, UK – sequence: 24 givenname: Kirsty surname: Penkman fullname: Penkman, Kirsty organization: BioArCh, Departments of Biology, Archaeology and Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 25 givenname: Axel surname: Petzold fullname: Petzold, Axel organization: Department of Neuroimmunology, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK – sequence: 26 givenname: Matthew D. surname: Pickering fullname: Pickering, Matthew D. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 27 givenname: Martin surname: Rumsby fullname: Rumsby, Martin organization: Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5YW, UK – sequence: 28 givenname: Holger surname: Schutkowski fullname: Schutkowski, Holger organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 29 givenname: Kimberley A. surname: Shackleton fullname: Shackleton, Kimberley A. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 30 givenname: Jerry surname: Thomas fullname: Thomas, Jerry organization: Technology Facility, Department of Biology , University of York, PO Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK – sequence: 31 givenname: Jane surname: Thomas-Oates fullname: Thomas-Oates, Jane organization: Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK – sequence: 32 givenname: Maria-Raimonda surname: Usai fullname: Usai, Maria-Raimonda organization: Department of Archaeology, University of York, King’s Manor, York YO1 7EP, UK – sequence: 33 givenname: Andrew S. surname: Wilson fullname: Wilson, Andrew S. organization: Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK – sequence: 34 givenname: Terry surname: O’Connor fullname: O’Connor, Terry organization: Department of Archaeology, University of York, King’s Manor, York YO1 7EP, UK |
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| Keywords | Burial environment Putrefaction Decapitation Waterlogging Brain tissue Adipocere Burial Brain Preservation Skull Histology Human remain |
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