Use of offensive language in human-artificial intelligence chatbot interaction: The effects of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness
This study examined the factors that affect artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot users' use of profanity and offensive words, employing the concepts of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness of chatbot. The study also looked into users' liking of chatbots' re...
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| Vydané v: | Computers in human behavior Ročník 121; s. 106795 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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Elmsford
Elsevier Ltd
01.08.2021
Elsevier Science Ltd |
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| ISSN: | 0747-5632, 1873-7692 |
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| Abstract | This study examined the factors that affect artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot users' use of profanity and offensive words, employing the concepts of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness of chatbot. The study also looked into users' liking of chatbots' responses to the users' utterance of profanity and offensive words. Using a national survey (N = 645), the study found that users' idealism orientation was a significant factor in explaining use of such offensive language. In addition, users with high idealism revealed liking of chatbots' active intervention, whereas those with high relativism displayed liking of chatbots' reactive responses. Moreover, users’ perceived humanlikeness of chatbot increased their likelihood of using offensive words targeting dislikable acquaintances, racial/ethnic groups, and political parties. These findings are expected to fill the gap between the current use of AI chatbots and the lack of empirical studies examining language use.
•This study examined factors impacting AI chatbot users' language use.•Users' ethical idealism was related to the use of profanity and offensive words.•Users' perceived human-likeness of chatbot increased their use of offensive words. |
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| AbstractList | This study examined the factors that affect artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot users' use of profanity and offensive words, employing the concepts of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness of chatbot. The study also looked into users' liking of chatbots' responses to the users' utterance of profanity and offensive words. Using a national survey (N = 645), the study found that users' idealism orientation was a significant factor in explaining use of such offensive language. In addition, users with high idealism revealed liking of chatbots' active intervention, whereas those with high relativism displayed liking of chatbots' reactive responses. Moreover, users’ perceived humanlikeness of chatbot increased their likelihood of using offensive words targeting dislikable acquaintances, racial/ethnic groups, and political parties. These findings are expected to fill the gap between the current use of AI chatbots and the lack of empirical studies examining language use.
•This study examined factors impacting AI chatbot users' language use.•Users' ethical idealism was related to the use of profanity and offensive words.•Users' perceived human-likeness of chatbot increased their use of offensive words. This study examined the factors that affect artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot users' use of profanity and offensive words, employing the concepts of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness of chatbot. The study also looked into users' liking of chatbots' responses to the users' utterance of profanity and offensive words. Using a national survey (N = 645), the study found that users' idealism orientation was a significant factor in explaining use of such offensive language. In addition, users with high idealism revealed liking of chatbots' active intervention, whereas those with high relativism displayed liking of chatbots' reactive responses. Moreover, users' perceived humanlikeness of chatbot increased their likelihood of using offensive words targeting dislikable acquaintances, racial/ethnic groups, and political parties. These findings are expected to fill the gap between the current use of AI chatbots and the lack of empirical studies examining language use. |
| ArticleNumber | 106795 |
| Author | Cho, Seonggyeol Choi, Jinyoung Jang, Kyungeun Park, Namkee |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Namkee surname: Park fullname: Park, Namkee email: npark@yonsei.ac.kr organization: Department of Communication, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Kyungeun surname: Jang fullname: Jang, Kyungeun email: katejjang@gmail.com organization: Institute for Communication Research, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea – sequence: 3 givenname: Seonggyeol surname: Cho fullname: Cho, Seonggyeol email: seonggyeol@gmail.com organization: Department of Communication, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Jinyoung orcidid: 0000-0002-2470-9722 surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Jinyoung email: jinyoung.choi@wisc.edu organization: Department of Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 821 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706, United States |
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| Keywords | Human-AI chatbot interaction Offensive language use Perceived humanlikeness of chatbot Social competence Ethical ideology |
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| SubjectTerms | Artificial intelligence Chatbots Ethical ideology Ethical standards Human-AI chatbot interaction Idealism Minority & ethnic groups Offensive language use Perceived humanlikeness of chatbot Political parties Profanity Social competence |
| Title | Use of offensive language in human-artificial intelligence chatbot interaction: The effects of ethical ideology, social competence, and perceived humanlikeness |
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