Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries

Smartphone ownership and screen time are increasing across the world, but there have been few attempts to quantify smartphone addiction on a global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published between 2014 and 2020 that used the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the most common measure of prob...

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Veröffentlicht in:Computers in human behavior Jg. 129; S. 107138
Hauptverfasser: Olson, Jay A., Sandra, Dasha A., Colucci, Élissa S., Al Bikaii, Alain, Chmoulevitch, Denis, Nahas, Johnny, Raz, Amir, Veissière, Samuel P.L.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elmsford Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2022
Elsevier Science Ltd
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ISSN:0747-5632, 1873-7692
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Abstract Smartphone ownership and screen time are increasing across the world, but there have been few attempts to quantify smartphone addiction on a global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published between 2014 and 2020 that used the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the most common measure of problematic smartphone use. We focused on adolescents and young adults (aged 15 to 35) since they tend to have the highest screen time and smartphone ownership rates. Across 24 countries, 83 samples, and 33,831 participants, we demonstrate that problematic smartphone use is increasing across the world. China, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia had the highest scores while Germany and France had the lowest. We suggest that the clinical interpretation of these scores should be updated given current global trends. •We conducted a meta-analysis of problematic smartphone use, focusing on young adults.•The analysis (2014–2020) included 24 countries, 83 samples, and 33,831 participants.•The results showed that problematic smartphone use is increasing across the world.•China and Saudi Arabia had the highest rates while Germany and France had the lowest.•Updating the clinical interpretation of these scores may be needed in some countries.
AbstractList Smartphone ownership and screen time are increasing across the world, but there have been few attempts to quantify smartphone addiction on a global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published between 2014 and 2020 that used the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the most common measure of problematic smartphone use. We focused on adolescents and young adults (aged 15 to 35) since they tend to have the highest screen time and smartphone ownership rates. Across 24 countries, 83 samples, and 33,831 participants, we demonstrate that problematic smartphone use is increasing across the world. China, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia had the highest scores while Germany and France had the lowest. We suggest that the clinical interpretation of these scores should be updated given current global trends. •We conducted a meta-analysis of problematic smartphone use, focusing on young adults.•The analysis (2014–2020) included 24 countries, 83 samples, and 33,831 participants.•The results showed that problematic smartphone use is increasing across the world.•China and Saudi Arabia had the highest rates while Germany and France had the lowest.•Updating the clinical interpretation of these scores may be needed in some countries.
Smartphone ownership and screen time are increasing across the world, but there have been few attempts to quantify smartphone addiction on a global scale. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published between 2014 and 2020 that used the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the most common measure of problematic smartphone use. We focused on adolescents and young adults (aged 15 to 35) since they tend to have the highest screen time and smartphone ownership rates. Across 24 countries, 83 samples, and 33,831 participants, we demonstrate that problematic smartphone use is increasing across the world. China, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia had the highest scores while Germany and France had the lowest. We suggest that the clinical interpretation of these scores should be updated given current global trends.
ArticleNumber 107138
Author Nahas, Johnny
Al Bikaii, Alain
Veissière, Samuel P.L.
Olson, Jay A.
Raz, Amir
Sandra, Dasha A.
Colucci, Élissa S.
Chmoulevitch, Denis
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jay A.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1161-5209
  surname: Olson
  fullname: Olson, Jay A.
  email: jay.olson@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychiatry, 1033 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Dasha A.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9930-2807
  surname: Sandra
  fullname: Sandra, Dasha A.
  email: dasha.sandra@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Integrated Program in Neuroscience, 1033 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Élissa S.
  surname: Colucci
  fullname: Colucci, Élissa S.
  email: elissa.colucci@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychology, 2001 McGill College Avenue, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Alain
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5891-0435
  surname: Al Bikaii
  fullname: Al Bikaii, Alain
  email: alain.albikaii@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychology, 2001 McGill College Avenue, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Denis
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5080-941X
  surname: Chmoulevitch
  fullname: Chmoulevitch, Denis
  email: denis.chmoulevitch@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychology, 2001 McGill College Avenue, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Johnny
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9552-2159
  surname: Nahas
  fullname: Nahas, Johnny
  email: jean.nahas@mail.mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychology, 2001 McGill College Avenue, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Amir
  surname: Raz
  fullname: Raz, Amir
  email: raz@chapman.edu
  organization: Department of Psychiatry, 1033 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Samuel P.L.
  surname: Veissière
  fullname: Veissière, Samuel P.L.
  email: samuel.veissiere@mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Psychiatry, 1033 Pine Avenue West, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
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Sat Nov 29 07:12:37 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:39:55 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:40:31 EST 2024
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Keywords Problematic smartphone use
Smartphone addiction
Meta-analysis
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PublicationTitle Computers in human behavior
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Snippet Smartphone ownership and screen time are increasing across the world, but there have been few attempts to quantify smartphone addiction on a global scale. We...
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StartPage 107138
SubjectTerms Addictions
Adolescents
Meta-analysis
Ownership
Problematic smartphone use
Screen time
Smartphone addiction
Smartphones
Young adults
Title Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2638079560
Volume 129
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