Radiation-induced cataract in astronauts and cosmonauts

Opacification of the ocular lens is an important effect of exposure to ionizing radiation. Astronauts and cosmonauts are exposed to relatively high doses of all types of radiation in space, including high-energy particle radiation. A study was initiated to examine the lenses of the eyes of astronaut...

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Vydáno v:Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology Ročník 240; číslo 7; s. 543 - 547
Hlavní autoři: Rastegar, Zahra, Eckart, Peter, Mertz, Manfred
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Germany Springer Nature B.V 01.07.2002
Témata:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Astronauts
Cataract - diagnosis
Cataract - etiology
Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological
Humans
Lens, Crystalline - radiation effects
Male
Middle Aged
Occupational Diseases - etiology
Occupational Exposure
Ophthalmology
Photography
Radiation Injuries - diagnosis
Radiation Injuries - etiology
Radiation, Ionizing
Reference Values
ISSN:0721-832X, 1435-702X
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Popis
Shrnutí:Opacification of the ocular lens is an important effect of exposure to ionizing radiation. Astronauts and cosmonauts are exposed to relatively high doses of all types of radiation in space, including high-energy particle radiation. A study was initiated to examine the lenses of the eyes of astronauts/cosmonauts to detect signs of radiation-induced cataracts. The aim of this study was to take a first step towards gaining improved, quantitative insight into the risk of radiation-induced cataract associated with long space missions. The lenses of 21 former astronauts and cosmonauts were examined, using an upgraded Topcon SL-45 B Scheimpflug camera system. The degrees of opacification in this group of astronauts and cosmonauts were compared with the measurements in a reference group. This reference group was established by examining a cohort of 395 persons using the same Scheimpflug system. Initial results indicated that opacity values in most of the astronauts and cosmonauts were slightly to strongly increased in regions IV (posterior cortex) and V (posterior capsule), compared with the average opacity values for the respective age-group of the reference cohort. The aim of this study - to conduct first examinations of astronauts' and cosmonauts' ocular lenses with regard to signs of radiation-induced cataract - was successfully achieved in a total of 21 astronauts and cosmonauts using a Scheimpflug camera system. It is planned to examine a larger group of astronauts and cosmonauts in the future.
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ISSN:0721-832X
1435-702X
DOI:10.1007/s00417-002-0489-4