Deep learning-based decision support system for cervical cancer identification in liquid-based cytology pap smears

BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of women cancer deaths worldwide. The primary etiology of cervical cancer is the persistent infection of specific high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus. Liquid-based cytology is the established method for early detection of cervical c...

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Published in:Technology and health care Vol. 33; no. 5; p. 2194
Main Authors: Atteia, Ghada, Alabdulhafith, Maali, Abdallah, Hanaa A, Abdel Samee, Nagwan, Alayed, Walaa
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.09.2025
Subjects:
Algorithms
Decision Support Systems, Clinical
Deep Learning
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Female
Humans
Papanicolaou Test - methods
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - pathology
Vaginal Smears - methods
deep learning
cytology smear images
cervical cancer
Artificial Intelligence
feature selection
decision support system
ISSN:1878-7401, 1878-7401
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of women cancer deaths worldwide. The primary etiology of cervical cancer is the persistent infection of specific high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus. Liquid-based cytology is the established method for early detection of cervical cancer. The evaluation of cellular abnormalities at a microscopic level allows for the identification of malignant or precancerous features in liquid-based cytology pap smears. This technique is characterized by its time-consuming nature and susceptibility to both inter- and intra-observer variability. Hence, the utilization of Artificial Intelligence in computer-assisted diagnosis can reduce the duration needed for diagnosing this ailment, thereby eliminating delayed diagnosis and facilitating the implementation of an efficient treatment.ObjectiveThis research presents a new deep learning-based cervical cancer identification decision support system in liquid-based cytology smear images.MethodsThe proposed diagnosis support system incorporates a novel hybrid feature reduction and optimization module, which integrates a sparse Autoencoder with the Binary Harris Hawk metaheuristic optimization algorithm to select the most informative features from a supplemented feature set of the input images. The supplemented feature set is retrieved by three pretrained Convolutional Neural Networks. The module utilizes an improved feature set to conduct a Bayesian-optimized K Nearest Neighbors machine learning classification of cervical cancer in input Pap smears.ResultsThe introduced approach achieves a classification accuracy of 99.9% and demonstrates an improved ability to detect the stages of cervical cancer, with a sensitivity of 99.8%. In addition, the system has the ability to identify the lack of cervical cancer stages with a specificity rate of 99.9%.ConclusionThe proposed system outpaces recent deep learning-based cervical cancer identification systems.
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ISSN:1878-7401
1878-7401
DOI:10.1177/09287329251330081