Optimization of graphene-based biosensor design for haemoglobin detection using the gradient boosting algorithm for behaviour prediction

•A biosensor based on a metasurfaces for detecting hemoglobin is presented.•The Gradient Boosting Algorithm predicts absorption metrics with an R2 score of 1.0.•The proposed sensor demonstrates remarkable sensitivity, achieving a peak value of 267 GHzRIU−1.•An optimal quality factor of 10.457 is exh...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Measurement : journal of the International Measurement Confederation Jg. 239; S. 115452
Hauptverfasser:	Wekalao, Jacob, Prasad Srinivasan, Guru, Patel, Shobhit K., Ahmed Al-zahrani, Fahad
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Elsevier Ltd 15.01.2025
Schlagworte:	biosensor Gradient boosting algorithm Graphene Metamaterials Metasurfaces Plasmonic Refractive index sensing Terahertz spectroscopy biosensor Graphene Plasmonic Metasurfaces Terahertz spectroscopy Metamaterials Gradient boosting algorithm Refractive index sensing
ISSN:	0263-2241
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Abstract	•A biosensor based on a metasurfaces for detecting hemoglobin is presented.•The Gradient Boosting Algorithm predicts absorption metrics with an R2 score of 1.0.•The proposed sensor demonstrates remarkable sensitivity, achieving a peak value of 267 GHzRIU−1.•An optimal quality factor of 10.457 is exhibited by the sensor.•The sensor exemplifies high-resolution capacity and a narrow Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of 81 GHz. This study presents an advanced biosensor based on metasurfaces for hemoglobin detection. The proposed sensor design integrates graphene with gold and silver, leveraging their exceptional optical properties and ability to support surface plasmon resonances. The metasurface-based architecture enhances interactions between the sensor and hemoglobin biomolecules, resulting in improved sensitivity and other performance parameters. Extensive optimization of the design parameters, including resonator dimensions and graphene chemical potential, was conducted to achieve an optimized sensor design. The sensor exhibits exceptional characteristics, including a peak sensitivity of 267 GHzRIU−1, a quality factor of 10.457, and a sensor resolution of 0.094, among other remarkable performance metrics. To streamline the optimization process and reduce computational complexity, the Gradient Boosting Algorithm (GBoost) is integrated into this study for behaviour prediction. The GBoost model demonstrates impressive performance, including an optimal coefficient of determination (R2) score of 1.0 for all cases considered, indicating perfect predictive accuracy within the model’s scope. These outstanding results suggest the significant potential of the proposed biosensor for rapid and precise blood testing, as well as monitoring medical conditions such as anaemia, by enabling early and accurate detection of hemoglobin levels. The sensor’s high-performance metrics, coupled with its simple design, represent a substantial advancement in the field of biosensing technology.
AbstractList	•A biosensor based on a metasurfaces for detecting hemoglobin is presented.•The Gradient Boosting Algorithm predicts absorption metrics with an R2 score of 1.0.•The proposed sensor demonstrates remarkable sensitivity, achieving a peak value of 267 GHzRIU−1.•An optimal quality factor of 10.457 is exhibited by the sensor.•The sensor exemplifies high-resolution capacity and a narrow Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of 81 GHz. This study presents an advanced biosensor based on metasurfaces for hemoglobin detection. The proposed sensor design integrates graphene with gold and silver, leveraging their exceptional optical properties and ability to support surface plasmon resonances. The metasurface-based architecture enhances interactions between the sensor and hemoglobin biomolecules, resulting in improved sensitivity and other performance parameters. Extensive optimization of the design parameters, including resonator dimensions and graphene chemical potential, was conducted to achieve an optimized sensor design. The sensor exhibits exceptional characteristics, including a peak sensitivity of 267 GHzRIU−1, a quality factor of 10.457, and a sensor resolution of 0.094, among other remarkable performance metrics. To streamline the optimization process and reduce computational complexity, the Gradient Boosting Algorithm (GBoost) is integrated into this study for behaviour prediction. The GBoost model demonstrates impressive performance, including an optimal coefficient of determination (R2) score of 1.0 for all cases considered, indicating perfect predictive accuracy within the model’s scope. These outstanding results suggest the significant potential of the proposed biosensor for rapid and precise blood testing, as well as monitoring medical conditions such as anaemia, by enabling early and accurate detection of hemoglobin levels. The sensor’s high-performance metrics, coupled with its simple design, represent a substantial advancement in the field of biosensing technology.
ArticleNumber	115452
Author	Ahmed Al-zahrani, Fahad Patel, Shobhit K. Prasad Srinivasan, Guru Wekalao, Jacob
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jacob surname: Wekalao fullname: Wekalao, Jacob organization: Department of engineering and technology, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Guru surname: Prasad Srinivasan fullname: Prasad Srinivasan, Guru organization: Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Shobhit K. orcidid: 0000-0002-0117-2440 surname: Patel fullname: Patel, Shobhit K. email: shobhitkumar.patel@marwdieducation.edu.in organization: Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Fahad surname: Ahmed Al-zahrani fullname: Ahmed Al-zahrani, Fahad email: fayzahrani@uqu.edu.sa organization: Computer Engineering Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24381, Saudi Arabia
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Snippet	•A biosensor based on a metasurfaces for detecting hemoglobin is presented.•The Gradient Boosting Algorithm predicts absorption metrics with an R2 score of...
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SubjectTerms	biosensor Gradient boosting algorithm Graphene Metamaterials Metasurfaces Plasmonic Refractive index sensing Terahertz spectroscopy
Title	Optimization of graphene-based biosensor design for haemoglobin detection using the gradient boosting algorithm for behaviour prediction
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