Integrated physical-layer secure visible light communication and positioning system based on polar codes

Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communic...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:Optics express Ročník 31; číslo 25; s. 41756
Hlavní autori: Fang, Junbin, Pan, Junxing, Huang, Xia, Lin, Jiajun, Jiang, Canjian
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 04.12.2023
ISSN:1094-4087, 1094-4087
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communication parties is crucial for estimating channel states and designing secure communication schemes, this paper proposes an integrated visible light communication and positioning system which provides triple functionalities of high-accuracy indoor positioning, physical-layer secure visible light communication, and flicker mitigation illumination. A heterogeneous signal hybrid line coding scheme is proposed for the transmitter to converge the high-speed communication data signals and the low-speed positioning data signals, and a hybrid heterogeneous signal extraction scheme is proposed for the receiver to separate the hybrid heterogeneous signals with a high-bandwidth photodetector and a low-pass complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Based on the positioning information and the communication scheme, a polar codes-based forward error correction coding scheme is designed to achieve physical-layer security and transmission reliability simultaneously. Numerical results show that the proposed system can reach a secrecy code rate of 0.76 for a single-input single-output indoor VLC channel and a transmission efficiency of 0.38 without perceivable flicker. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 3.35 cm and decrease the bit error rate of a legitimate receiver to a near error-free level (lower than 10 −7 ) while keeping the bit error rate of an eavesdropper at 0.4887 (nearly 0.5) with a transmission data rate of 1 Mbps, resulting in near-zero suppression of the eavesdropped information and a high secrecy capacity of 0.9994.
AbstractList Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communication parties is crucial for estimating channel states and designing secure communication schemes, this paper proposes an integrated visible light communication and positioning system which provides triple functionalities of high-accuracy indoor positioning, physical-layer secure visible light communication, and flicker mitigation illumination. A heterogeneous signal hybrid line coding scheme is proposed for the transmitter to converge the high-speed communication data signals and the low-speed positioning data signals, and a hybrid heterogeneous signal extraction scheme is proposed for the receiver to separate the hybrid heterogeneous signals with a high-bandwidth photodetector and a low-pass complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Based on the positioning information and the communication scheme, a polar codes-based forward error correction coding scheme is designed to achieve physical-layer security and transmission reliability simultaneously. Numerical results show that the proposed system can reach a secrecy code rate of 0.76 for a single-input single-output indoor VLC channel and a transmission efficiency of 0.38 without perceivable flicker. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 3.35 cm and decrease the bit error rate of a legitimate receiver to a near error-free level (lower than 10 ) while keeping the bit error rate of an eavesdropper at 0.4887 (nearly 0.5) with a transmission data rate of 1 Mbps, resulting in near-zero suppression of the eavesdropped information and a high secrecy capacity of 0.9994.
Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communication parties is crucial for estimating channel states and designing secure communication schemes, this paper proposes an integrated visible light communication and positioning system which provides triple functionalities of high-accuracy indoor positioning, physical-layer secure visible light communication, and flicker mitigation illumination. A heterogeneous signal hybrid line coding scheme is proposed for the transmitter to converge the high-speed communication data signals and the low-speed positioning data signals, and a hybrid heterogeneous signal extraction scheme is proposed for the receiver to separate the hybrid heterogeneous signals with a high-bandwidth photodetector and a low-pass complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Based on the positioning information and the communication scheme, a polar codes-based forward error correction coding scheme is designed to achieve physical-layer security and transmission reliability simultaneously. Numerical results show that the proposed system can reach a secrecy code rate of 0.76 for a single-input single-output indoor VLC channel and a transmission efficiency of 0.38 without perceivable flicker. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 3.35 cm and decrease the bit error rate of a legitimate receiver to a near error-free level (lower than 10 −7 ) while keeping the bit error rate of an eavesdropper at 0.4887 (nearly 0.5) with a transmission data rate of 1 Mbps, resulting in near-zero suppression of the eavesdropped information and a high secrecy capacity of 0.9994.
Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communication parties is crucial for estimating channel states and designing secure communication schemes, this paper proposes an integrated visible light communication and positioning system which provides triple functionalities of high-accuracy indoor positioning, physical-layer secure visible light communication, and flicker mitigation illumination. A heterogeneous signal hybrid line coding scheme is proposed for the transmitter to converge the high-speed communication data signals and the low-speed positioning data signals, and a hybrid heterogeneous signal extraction scheme is proposed for the receiver to separate the hybrid heterogeneous signals with a high-bandwidth photodetector and a low-pass complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Based on the positioning information and the communication scheme, a polar codes-based forward error correction coding scheme is designed to achieve physical-layer security and transmission reliability simultaneously. Numerical results show that the proposed system can reach a secrecy code rate of 0.76 for a single-input single-output indoor VLC channel and a transmission efficiency of 0.38 without perceivable flicker. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 3.35 cm and decrease the bit error rate of a legitimate receiver to a near error-free level (lower than 10-7) while keeping the bit error rate of an eavesdropper at 0.4887 (nearly 0.5) with a transmission data rate of 1 Mbps, resulting in near-zero suppression of the eavesdropped information and a high secrecy capacity of 0.9994.Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the characteristics of the channel instead of encryption algorithms and secret keys at application layer. Since precise location information of communication parties is crucial for estimating channel states and designing secure communication schemes, this paper proposes an integrated visible light communication and positioning system which provides triple functionalities of high-accuracy indoor positioning, physical-layer secure visible light communication, and flicker mitigation illumination. A heterogeneous signal hybrid line coding scheme is proposed for the transmitter to converge the high-speed communication data signals and the low-speed positioning data signals, and a hybrid heterogeneous signal extraction scheme is proposed for the receiver to separate the hybrid heterogeneous signals with a high-bandwidth photodetector and a low-pass complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. Based on the positioning information and the communication scheme, a polar codes-based forward error correction coding scheme is designed to achieve physical-layer security and transmission reliability simultaneously. Numerical results show that the proposed system can reach a secrecy code rate of 0.76 for a single-input single-output indoor VLC channel and a transmission efficiency of 0.38 without perceivable flicker. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 3.35 cm and decrease the bit error rate of a legitimate receiver to a near error-free level (lower than 10-7) while keeping the bit error rate of an eavesdropper at 0.4887 (nearly 0.5) with a transmission data rate of 1 Mbps, resulting in near-zero suppression of the eavesdropped information and a high secrecy capacity of 0.9994.
Author Pan, Junxing
Huang, Xia
Fang, Junbin
Lin, Jiajun
Jiang, Canjian
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Junbin
  surname: Fang
  fullname: Fang, Junbin
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Junxing
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1605-0112
  surname: Pan
  fullname: Pan, Junxing
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Xia
  surname: Huang
  fullname: Huang, Xia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jiajun
  surname: Lin
  fullname: Lin, Jiajun
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Canjian
  surname: Jiang
  fullname: Jiang, Canjian
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38087566$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNpt0E9PwjAYBvDGYETQg1_A7KiHQbuNbj0agkpCwkXPy7v2BWq6DdvOZN_eImiM8dR_v-dN-ozIoGkbJOSG0QlLeTZdLyYzmjCWnZFLRkUWZ7TIB7_2QzJy7o1SluUivyDDtAiXM84vyW7ZeNxa8Kii_a53WoKJDfRoI4eysxh9aKcrg5HR252PZFvXXROU120TQRNSrdOHg262keudxzqqwIVx4X3fGrAho9BdkfMNGIfXp3VMXh8XL_PneLV-Ws4fVrFME-pjWUhUAhluBIdCwgaEElUKXOUVpxRSRcMXoOKoCi55EgAHJlOm8qKo5Cwdk7vj3L1t3zt0vqy1k2gMNNh2rkwETcRM5EUa6O2JdlWNqtxbXYPty-92Arg_Amlb5yxufgij5aH5cr0oj80HO_1jpfZfLXkL2vyT-AR9ood1
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2025_3526265
crossref_primary_10_3390_e26121112
crossref_primary_10_3390_s24175609
crossref_primary_10_1109_JLT_2024_3415417
Cites_doi 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2889119
10.1109/SURV.2014.012314.00178
10.1109/TIT.2011.2162275
10.1109/COMST.2020.2988615
10.1109/JIOT.2020.3004451
10.1109/JPROC.2016.2558521
10.1364/OE.474687
10.1109/JPHOT.2020.3032448
10.1109/JSAC.2017.2774429
10.1109/TWC.2023.3247458
10.1109/TIT.2009.2021379
10.1109/JLT.2015.2510021
10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2859943
10.1109/LPT.2016.2609683
10.1364/OE.485673
10.1109/JSAC.2015.2432513
10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2676815
10.3390/cryptography6030035
10.1109/LWC.2018.2820709
10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2869931
10.3390/s20051382
10.1109/JSEN.2020.2964380
10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2687947
10.1109/LPT.2018.2874311
10.1109/TIFS.2019.2904440
10.3390/photonics10030306
10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2689744
10.1145/3594718
10.1109/TCOMM.2022.3145578
10.3390/network2010004
10.1109/TCE.2004.1277847
10.1109/JLT.2022.3172921
10.1109/MNET.011.1900567
10.3390/photonics9090632
10.1364/OE.456076
ContentType Journal Article
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1364/OE.502114
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Physics
EISSN 1094-4087
ExternalDocumentID 38087566
10_1364_OE_502114
Genre Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
123
29N
2WC
8SL
AAFWJ
AAWJZ
AAYXX
ABGOQ
ACGFO
ADBBV
AEDJG
AENEX
AFPKN
AKGWG
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ATHME
AYPRP
AZSQR
AZYMN
BAWUL
BCNDV
CITATION
CS3
DIK
DSZJF
DU5
E3Z
EBS
F5P
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
KQ8
M~E
OFLFD
OK1
OPJBK
OPLUZ
OVT
P2P
RNS
ROL
ROS
TR2
TR6
XSB
NPM
ROP
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-c8ced9e1ef96a8cafa9d9b3a6d7b600a3d0797ab6ed86c62afa6a1c31d788bc53
ISICitedReferencesCount 5
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001124478900006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1094-4087
IngestDate Sun Nov 09 12:56:45 EST 2025
Wed Feb 19 02:04:39 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 06:07:09 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:59:04 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 25
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c320t-c8ced9e1ef96a8cafa9d9b3a6d7b600a3d0797ab6ed86c62afa6a1c31d788bc53
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-1605-0112
OpenAccessLink https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.502114
PMID 38087566
PQID 2902959783
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_2902959783
pubmed_primary_38087566
crossref_primary_10_1364_OE_502114
crossref_citationtrail_10_1364_OE_502114
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2023-12-04
2023-Dec-04
20231204
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2023-12-04
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2023
  text: 2023-12-04
  day: 04
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle Optics express
PublicationTitleAlternate Opt Express
PublicationYear 2023
References Arikan (oe-31-25-41756-R31) 2009; 55
Yin (oe-31-25-41756-R13) 2018; 36
Mostafa (oe-31-25-41756-R7) 2015; 33
Li (oe-31-25-41756-R37) 2020; 12
Li (oe-31-25-41756-R3) 2021; 8
Zhu (oe-31-25-41756-R27) 2023; 22
Wei (oe-31-25-41756-R39) 2022; 40
Wang (oe-31-25-41756-R2) 2018; 66
Yang (oe-31-25-41756-R18) 2018; 30
Cho (oe-31-25-41756-R12) 2019; 14
Che (oe-31-25-41756-R23) 2018; 10
Li (oe-31-25-41756-R36) 2022; 9
Zeng (oe-31-25-41756-R33) 2022; 6
Zou (oe-31-25-41756-R4) 2016; 104
Liu (oe-31-25-41756-R21) 2023; 10
Pfeiffer (oe-31-25-41756-R28) 2022; 70
Pham (oe-31-25-41756-R11) 2019; 7
Fang (oe-31-25-41756-R34) 2017; 9
Zhang (oe-31-25-41756-R5) 2023; 55
Mukherjee (oe-31-25-41756-R6) 2014; 16
Cho (oe-31-25-41756-R9) 2022; 2
Jin (oe-31-25-41756-R20) 2022; 30
Pan (oe-31-25-41756-R38) 2017; 65
Haas (oe-31-25-41756-R1) 2016; 34
Cho (oe-31-25-41756-R14) 2018; 7
Li (oe-31-25-41756-R16) 2023; 31
Arfaoui (oe-31-25-41756-R17) 2020; 22
Chen (oe-31-25-41756-R19) 2022; 30
Fang (oe-31-25-41756-R35) 2017; 9
M. Rahman (oe-31-25-41756-R25) 2020; 20
Maheepala (oe-31-25-41756-R26) 2020; 20
Mahdavifar (oe-31-25-41756-R32) 2011; 57
Al-Moliki (oe-31-25-41756-R10) 2016; 28
Yang (oe-31-25-41756-R22) 2020; 34
Komine (oe-31-25-41756-R40) 2004; 50
References_xml – volume: 7
  start-page: 3767
  year: 2019
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R11
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2889119
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1550
  year: 2014
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R6
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2014.012314.00178
– volume: 57
  start-page: 6428
  year: 2011
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R32
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2011.2162275
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1887
  year: 2020
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R17
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2020.2988615
– volume: 8
  start-page: 357
  year: 2021
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R3
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3004451
– volume: 104
  start-page: 1727
  year: 2016
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R4
  publication-title: Proc. IEEE
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2016.2558521
– volume: 30
  start-page: 40455
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R19
  publication-title: Opt. Express
  doi: 10.1364/OE.474687
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R37
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics J.
  doi: 10.1109/JPHOT.2020.3032448
– volume: 36
  start-page: 162
  year: 2018
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R13
  publication-title: IEEE J. on Sel. Areas Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2017.2774429
– volume: 22
  start-page: 6962
  year: 2023
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R27
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. on Wirel. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2023.3247458
– volume: 55
  start-page: 3051
  year: 2009
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R31
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
  doi: 10.1109/TIT.2009.2021379
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1533
  year: 2016
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R1
  publication-title: J. Lightwave Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/JLT.2015.2510021
– volume: 66
  start-page: 6423
  year: 2018
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R2
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2859943
– volume: 28
  start-page: 2629
  year: 2016
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R10
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LPT.2016.2609683
– volume: 31
  start-page: 11923
  year: 2023
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R16
  publication-title: Opt. Express
  doi: 10.1364/OE.485673
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1806
  year: 2015
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R7
  publication-title: IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2015.2432513
– volume: 65
  start-page: 2291
  year: 2017
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R38
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2676815
– volume: 6
  start-page: 35
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R33
  publication-title: Cryptography
  doi: 10.3390/cryptography6030035
– volume: 7
  start-page: 768
  year: 2018
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R14
  publication-title: IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LWC.2018.2820709
– volume: 10
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R23
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics J.
  doi: 10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2869931
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1382
  year: 2020
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R25
  publication-title: Sensors
  doi: 10.3390/s20051382
– volume: 20
  start-page: 3971
  year: 2020
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R26
  publication-title: IEEE Sens. J.
  doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2964380
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R35
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics J.
  doi: 10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2687947
– volume: 30
  start-page: 2001
  year: 2018
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R18
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LPT.2018.2874311
– volume: 14
  start-page: 2633
  year: 2019
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R12
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. on Inf. Forensics Secur.
  doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2019.2904440
– volume: 10
  start-page: 306
  year: 2023
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R21
  publication-title: Photonics
  doi: 10.3390/photonics10030306
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R34
  publication-title: IEEE Photonics J.
  doi: 10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2689744
– volume: 55
  start-page: 1
  year: 2023
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R5
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
  doi: 10.1145/3594718
– volume: 70
  start-page: 1999
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R28
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2022.3145578
– volume: 2
  start-page: 53
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R9
  publication-title: Network
  doi: 10.3390/network2010004
– volume: 50
  start-page: 100
  year: 2004
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R40
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electron.
  doi: 10.1109/TCE.2004.1277847
– volume: 40
  start-page: 5083
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R39
  publication-title: J. Lightwave Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/JLT.2022.3172921
– volume: 34
  start-page: 134
  year: 2020
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R22
  publication-title: IEEE Network
  doi: 10.1109/MNET.011.1900567
– volume: 9
  start-page: 632
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R36
  publication-title: Photonics
  doi: 10.3390/photonics9090632
– volume: 30
  start-page: 13331
  year: 2022
  ident: oe-31-25-41756-R20
  publication-title: Opt. Express
  doi: 10.1364/OE.456076
SSID ssj0014797
Score 2.4641263
Snippet Visible light communication (VLC) with physical-layer security can provide information-theoretic security for the optical wireless channel based on the...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 41756
Title Integrated physical-layer secure visible light communication and positioning system based on polar codes
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38087566
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2902959783
Volume 31
WOSCitedRecordID wos001124478900006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1094-4087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014797
  issn: 1094-4087
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 19980101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1094-4087
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0014797
  issn: 1094-4087
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Zi9NAGB-6q8K-iLf1KKOICCWacybzKJJFobb70IW-hcnMBCshm90e1Bf_dr85kqZQYX3wJYTpJCnz_fjuA6F3ASeBCP3YSySjXsx87jFW-DqngSeKl2BE22ETdDpNFwt2MRhs21qYbUXrOt3tWPNfSQ1rQGxdOvsP5O5eCgtwD0SHK5Adrrci_Le2AYR0bgteeRX_pbs2a9-6Gutycl0vVWm7XOeU7ytEbNsAl8dlPA2m0fNYyzqp4wqNtoTHug5-1VdrZ43p9qx2TZfRYRo8unTfTV0sOxBecFcOUu9asWlg5TYvlp2gmLhJYUv-c1P33RNhZFI94h5HBfsRjFQnVdWRNceGnTCwcAuTHlONQcUhR9l9RGIgxyz7mICqYotRD1tqT2f5-eVkks-zxfx9c-3paWM6Ku9Gr5ygOyFNmE4F_P4766JPMbVDedq_6TpSwdc-dd861GP-YpwYJWX-AN131gX-bFHxEA1U_QjdM1m-YvUY_dhjAx9iA1tsYIcNbLCBD7CBARu4hw1ssYENNjD8brCBDTaeoMvzbP7lq-dGbXgiCv21J1KhJFOBKhnhqeAlZ5IVESeSFqAS80j6cCa8IEqmRJAQNhAeiCiQNE0LkURP0Wl9VavnCEtOVFiSMg6pjCVY2zIuqaAcLIUo4pwM0Yf24HLh-tDrcShVboKrJM5nWW7PeIjedlsb23zl2KY37ennwBp1vIvX6mqzykPmhyzRvs0hembJ0r0mSvUoB0Je3OLpl-hsj-xX6HR9s1Gv0V2xXS9XNyN0QhfpyPhyRgZGfwDDxpTy
linkProvider ISSN International Centre
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Integrated+physical-layer+secure+visible+light+communication+and+positioning+system+based+on+polar+codes&rft.jtitle=Optics+express&rft.au=Fang%2C+Junbin&rft.au=Pan%2C+Junxing&rft.au=Huang%2C+Xia&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jiajun&rft.date=2023-12-04&rft.issn=1094-4087&rft.eissn=1094-4087&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=41756&rft_id=info:doi/10.1364%2FOE.502114&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1094-4087&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1094-4087&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1094-4087&client=summon