Wildfire impacts on schools and hospitals following the 2018 California Camp Fire

Wildfire impacts on communities have become more pronounced in recent years as the intensity and frequency of wildfires have increased in densely populated areas of the USA. Communities located in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) neighboring high wildfire risk zones are at highest risk of damage t...

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Vydané v:	Natural hazards (Dordrecht) Ročník 104; číslo 1; s. 901 - 925
Hlavní autori:	Schulze, Stefanie S., Fischer, Erica C., Hamideh, Sara, Mahmoud, Hussam
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.10.2020 Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:	Building damage Civil Engineering Data collection Disaster management Drone aircraft Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Electric utilities Emergency preparedness Environmental Management Environmental risk Fire damage Fires Geophysics/Geodesy Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Health care Health care facilities Health facilities Hospitals Hydrogeology Impact damage Infrastructure Lidar Mitigation Natural Hazards Original Paper Population density Recovery plans Schools Service restoration Structural damage Wildfires Wildland-urban interface United States > US California Reconnaissance Wildfire Wildland–urban interface Interdisciplinary data Community resilience
ISSN:	0921-030X, 1573-0840
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Abstract	Wildfire impacts on communities have become more pronounced in recent years as the intensity and frequency of wildfires have increased in densely populated areas of the USA. Communities located in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) neighboring high wildfire risk zones are at highest risk of damage to civil infrastructure. This paper summarizes an investigation on the 2018 Camp Fire impacts to schools and healthcare facilities in Paradise, CA. The paper demonstrates that interdisciplinary data collection methods can provide a comprehensive overview of school and hospital damage after a wildfire. Photographs, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scans of damaged buildings, drone aerial images, and interviews with key school and healthcare stakeholders provided valuable information on the structural and nonstructural damages to infrastructure. Interviews also provided context to the impacts of infrastructure damage on the ability of education and healthcare facilities to operate or reopen following the fire. Nonstructural damage to schools and hospitals, such as damage to electrical systems or other utilities, significantly impacted the functionality of these facilities. Understanding the vulnerabilities of WUI communities to wildfire will help with disaster mitigation and recovery planning and aid in restoring critical services after the disaster.
AbstractList	Wildfire impacts on communities have become more pronounced in recent years as the intensity and frequency of wildfires have increased in densely populated areas of the USA. Communities located in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) neighboring high wildfire risk zones are at highest risk of damage to civil infrastructure. This paper summarizes an investigation on the 2018 Camp Fire impacts to schools and healthcare facilities in Paradise, CA. The paper demonstrates that interdisciplinary data collection methods can provide a comprehensive overview of school and hospital damage after a wildfire. Photographs, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scans of damaged buildings, drone aerial images, and interviews with key school and healthcare stakeholders provided valuable information on the structural and nonstructural damages to infrastructure. Interviews also provided context to the impacts of infrastructure damage on the ability of education and healthcare facilities to operate or reopen following the fire. Nonstructural damage to schools and hospitals, such as damage to electrical systems or other utilities, significantly impacted the functionality of these facilities. Understanding the vulnerabilities of WUI communities to wildfire will help with disaster mitigation and recovery planning and aid in restoring critical services after the disaster. Wildfire impacts on communities have become more pronounced in recent years as the intensity and frequency of wildfires have increased in densely populated areas of the USA. Communities located in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) neighboring high wildfire risk zones are at highest risk of damage to civil infrastructure. This paper summarizes an investigation on the 2018 Camp Fire impacts to schools and healthcare facilities in Paradise, CA. The paper demonstrates that interdisciplinary data collection methods can provide a comprehensive overview of school and hospital damage after a wildfire. Photographs, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scans of damaged buildings, drone aerial images, and interviews with key school and healthcare stakeholders provided valuable information on the structural and nonstructural damages to infrastructure. Interviews also provided context to the impacts of infrastructure damage on the ability of education and healthcare facilities to operate or reopen following the fire. Nonstructural damage to schools and hospitals, such as damage to electrical systems or other utilities, significantly impacted the functionality of these facilities. Understanding the vulnerabilities of WUI communities to wildfire will help with disaster mitigation and recovery planning and aid in restoring critical services after the disaster.
Author	Mahmoud, Hussam Schulze, Stefanie S. Fischer, Erica C. Hamideh, Sara
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Stefanie S. surname: Schulze fullname: Schulze, Stefanie S. email: schulzes@oregonstate.edu organization: School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University – sequence: 2 givenname: Erica C. surname: Fischer fullname: Fischer, Erica C. organization: School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University – sequence: 3 givenname: Sara surname: Hamideh fullname: Hamideh, Sara organization: School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University – sequence: 4 givenname: Hussam surname: Mahmoud fullname: Mahmoud, Hussam organization: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University
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Title	Wildfire impacts on schools and hospitals following the 2018 California Camp Fire
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