Methoxyethyl Etomidate Hydrochloride (ET‐26): A Phase I Clinical Trial Assessing Drug–Drug Interactions in Healthy Subjects

Methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET‐26) is a novel intravenous general anesthetic designed to address the clinical limitations of etomidate. This Phase I clinical trial assessed the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential, and safety of ET‐26 in 68 healthy subj...

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Vydané v:	Journal of clinical pharmacology Ročník 65; číslo 11; s. 1443 - 1450
Hlavní autori:	Yang, Fan, Ye, Pan‐Pan, Lv, Wen‐Shuo, Li, Li‐Ze, Zhao, Bao‐Zhong, van denAnker, John, Yang, Xin‐Mei, Song, Lin‐Lin, Yang, Xiao‐Ran, Zheng, Yi, Ke, Bo‐Wen, Zhao, Wei
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2025
Predmet:	Adult Adverse events Anesthesia Anesthetics, Intravenous - administration & dosage Anesthetics, Intravenous - adverse effects Anesthetics, Intravenous - pharmacokinetics Anesthetics, Intravenous - pharmacology Area Under Curve Clinical trials Cross-Over Studies Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 - metabolism Drug interaction Drug Interactions drug–drug interaction Etomidate Etomidate - administration & dosage Etomidate - adverse effects Etomidate - analogs & derivatives Etomidate - pharmacokinetics Etomidate - pharmacology etomidate analogs Female Fluconazole Fluconazole - administration & dosage Fluconazole - pharmacokinetics Fluconazole - pharmacology Healthy Volunteers Humans intravenous anesthetic Male Midazolam Midazolam - pharmacokinetics Midazolam - pharmacology Middle Aged Myoclonus Omeprazole Omeprazole - pharmacokinetics Omeprazole - pharmacology Pharmacodynamics Pharmacokinetics Phase 1 clinical trial Rifampin Rifampin - pharmacokinetics Rifampin - pharmacology Young Adult pharmacokinetics Phase 1 clinical trial drug–drug interaction intravenous anesthetic etomidate analogs
ISSN:	0091-2700, 1552-4604, 1552-4604
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET‐26) is a novel intravenous general anesthetic designed to address the clinical limitations of etomidate. This Phase I clinical trial assessed the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential, and safety of ET‐26 in 68 healthy subjects across three sequences, evaluating interactions with rifampin (CYP2C19/3A4 inducer), fluconazole (CYP2C19/3A4 inhibitor), and omeprazole/midazolam. ET‐26 pharmacokinetic analyses showed that compared with administration of ET‐26 alone, co‐administration of rifampin resulted in a 10% decrease in the geometric mean ratio (GMR) of the AUC0‐∞ for ET‐26 (GMR 90.0%, 90% CI 85.4%‐94.8%), while co‐administration fluconazole increased the AUC0‐∞ by 18.5% (GMR 118.5%, 90% CI 111.4%‐126.2%). ET‐26 slightly increased the AUC0‐∞ by 18.5% for omeprazole (GMR 118.5%, 90% CI 111.4%‐126.1%) and 11.1% for midazolam (GMR 111.1%, 90% CI 104.9%‐117.8%). The 90% CI for key parameters largely fell within no‐effect boundaries, indicating no clinically significant DDIs. Pharmacodynamic assessments showed consistent sedation profiles across sequences, with mild additive effects with midazolam. Safety evaluations identified treatment‐emergent adverse events such as injection site pain and myoclonus, more frequent with fluconazole. No serious adverse events were observed. These findings suggest ET‐26 exhibits a favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profile with no significant DDIs observed in clinical, supporting its potential as a safer alternative to etomidate for general anesthesia.
Bibliografia:	Xiao‐Ran Yang, Yi Zheng, Bo‐Wen Ke, and Wei Zhao contributed equally to this study. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0091-2700 1552-4604 1552-4604
DOI:	10.1002/jcph.70071