A note on using the F-measure for evaluating record linkage algorithms

Record linkage is the process of identifying and linking records about the same entities from one or more databases. Record linkage can be viewed as a classification problem where the aim is to decide whether a pair of records is a match (i.e. two records refer to the same real-world entity) or a no...

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Vydané v:	Statistics and computing Ročník 28; číslo 3; s. 539 - 547
Hlavní autori:	Hand, David, Christen, Peter
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York Springer US 01.05.2018 Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:	Artificial Intelligence Classification Ground truth Information retrieval Machine learning Mathematics and Statistics Probability and Statistics in Computer Science Quality assessment Recall Statistical Theory and Methods Statistics Statistics and Computing/Statistics Programs Recall Precision Class imbalance Entity resolution Classification Data linkage
ISSN:	0960-3174, 1573-1375
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Abstract	Record linkage is the process of identifying and linking records about the same entities from one or more databases. Record linkage can be viewed as a classification problem where the aim is to decide whether a pair of records is a match (i.e. two records refer to the same real-world entity) or a non-match (two records refer to two different entities). Various classification techniques—including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and active learning based—have been employed for record linkage. If ground truth data in the form of known true matches and non-matches are available, the quality of classified links can be evaluated. Due to the generally high class imbalance in record linkage problems, standard accuracy or misclassification rate are not meaningful for assessing the quality of a set of linked records. Instead, precision and recall, as commonly used in information retrieval and machine learning, are used. These are often combined into the popular F-measure, which is the harmonic mean of precision and recall. We show that the F-measure can also be expressed as a weighted sum of precision and recall, with weights which depend on the linkage method being used. This reformulation reveals that the F-measure has a major conceptual weakness: the relative importance assigned to precision and recall should be an aspect of the problem and the researcher or user, but not of the particular linkage method being used. We suggest alternative measures which do not suffer from this fundamental flaw.
AbstractList	Record linkage is the process of identifying and linking records about the same entities from one or more databases. Record linkage can be viewed as a classification problem where the aim is to decide whether a pair of records is a match (i.e. two records refer to the same real-world entity) or a non-match (two records refer to two different entities). Various classification techniques—including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and active learning based—have been employed for record linkage. If ground truth data in the form of known true matches and non-matches are available, the quality of classified links can be evaluated. Due to the generally high class imbalance in record linkage problems, standard accuracy or misclassification rate are not meaningful for assessing the quality of a set of linked records. Instead, precision and recall, as commonly used in information retrieval and machine learning, are used. These are often combined into the popular F-measure, which is the harmonic mean of precision and recall. We show that the F-measure can also be expressed as a weighted sum of precision and recall, with weights which depend on the linkage method being used. This reformulation reveals that the F-measure has a major conceptual weakness: the relative importance assigned to precision and recall should be an aspect of the problem and the researcher or user, but not of the particular linkage method being used. We suggest alternative measures which do not suffer from this fundamental flaw.
Author	Hand, David Christen, Peter
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Snippet	Record linkage is the process of identifying and linking records about the same entities from one or more databases. Record linkage can be viewed as a...
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SubjectTerms	Artificial Intelligence Classification Ground truth Information retrieval Machine learning Mathematics and Statistics Probability and Statistics in Computer Science Quality assessment Recall Statistical Theory and Methods Statistics Statistics and Computing/Statistics Programs
Title	A note on using the F-measure for evaluating record linkage algorithms
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