AEQUAM: Accelerating Quantum Algorithm Validation Through FPGA-Based Emulation

This work presents AEQUAM (Area Efficient QUAntum eMulation), a toolchain that enables faster and more accessible quantum circuit verification. It consists of a compiler that translates OpenQASM 2.0 into RISC-like instructions, Cython software models for selecting number representations and simulati...

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Published in:IEEE access Vol. 13; pp. 130232 - 130255
Main Authors: Lagostina, Lorenzo, Volpe, Deborah, Zamboni, Maurizio, Turvani, Giovanna
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Piscataway IEEE 2025
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects:
Computer architecture
Emulation
Emulators
field programmable gate array
Field programmable gate arrays
Hardware description languages
Logic gates
Quantum algorithm
quantum algorithm verification
Quantum circuit
Quantum computing
Quantum computing emulation
quantum computing simulation
Quantum mechanics
Quantum state
Qubit
Qubits (quantum computing)
Representations
User requirements
Vectors
ISSN:2169-3536, 2169-3536
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Abstract This work presents AEQUAM (Area Efficient QUAntum eMulation), a toolchain that enables faster and more accessible quantum circuit verification. It consists of a compiler that translates OpenQASM 2.0 into RISC-like instructions, Cython software models for selecting number representations and simulating circuits, and a VHDL generator that produces RTL descriptions for FPGA-based hardware emulators. The architecture leverages a SIMD approach to parallelize computation and reduces complexity by exploiting the sparsity of quantum gate matrices. The VHDL generator allows customization of the number of emulated qubits and parallelization levels to meet user requirements. Synthesized on an Altera Cyclone 10LP FPGA with a 20-bit fixed-point representation and nearest-type approximation, the architecture demonstrates better scalability than other state-of-the-art emulators. Specifically, the emulator has been validated by exploiting the well consolidated benchmark of mqt bench framework.
AbstractList This work presents AEQUAM (Area Efficient QUAntum eMulation), a toolchain that enables faster and more accessible quantum circuit verification. It consists of a compiler that translates OpenQASM 2.0 into RISC-like instructions, Cython software models for selecting number representations and simulating circuits, and a VHDL generator that produces RTL descriptions for FPGA-based hardware emulators. The architecture leverages a SIMD approach to parallelize computation and reduces complexity by exploiting the sparsity of quantum gate matrices. The VHDL generator allows customization of the number of emulated qubits and parallelization levels to meet user requirements. Synthesized on an Altera Cyclone 10LP FPGA with a 20-bit fixed-point representation and nearest-type approximation, the architecture demonstrates better scalability than other state-of-the-art emulators. Specifically, the emulator has been validated by exploiting the well consolidated benchmark of mqt bench framework.
Author Turvani, Giovanna
Volpe, Deborah
Lagostina, Lorenzo
Zamboni, Maurizio
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Snippet This work presents AEQUAM (Area Efficient QUAntum eMulation), a toolchain that enables faster and more accessible quantum circuit verification. It consists of...
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StartPage 130232
SubjectTerms Computer architecture
Emulation
Emulators
field programmable gate array
Field programmable gate arrays
Hardware description languages
Logic gates
Quantum algorithm
quantum algorithm verification
Quantum circuit
Quantum computing
Quantum computing emulation
quantum computing simulation
Quantum mechanics
Quantum state
Qubit
Qubits (quantum computing)
Representations
User requirements
Vectors
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Title AEQUAM: Accelerating Quantum Algorithm Validation Through FPGA-Based Emulation
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