The beneficial effect of CO2 in the low temperature synthesis of high quality carbon nanofibers and thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes from CH4 over Ni catalysts

A low temperature chemical vapor deposition method is described for converting CH₄ into high-quality carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using a Ni catalyst supported on either spinel or perovskite oxides in the presence of CO₂. The addition of CO₂ has a significant influence on CNF purity and stability, while...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbon (New York) Vol. 50; no. 2; pp. 372 - 384
Main Authors: Corthals, Steven, Van Noyen, Jasper, Geboers, Jan, Vosch, Tom, Liang, Duoduo, Ke, Xiaoxing, Hofkens, Johan, Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf, Jacobs, Pierre, Sels, Bert
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Kidlington Elsevier 01.02.2012
Subjects:
carbon
carbon dioxide
carbon nanotubes
Catalysis
catalysts
Chemistry
cooling
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology
Exact sciences and technology
Fullerenes and related materials; diamonds, graphite
General and physical chemistry
Materials science
methane
nanofibers
nickel
Physics
Specific materials
temperature
Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry
vapors
Methane
Stability
Catalysts
In situ
Carbon nanotubes
Purity
Nanofiber
Oxides
Perovskites
Reforming
Carbon
Fibers
CVD
Thermodynamics
Chemistry
Synthesis
Multiwalled nanotube
Spinel
Spinels
Distribution
Catalyst supports
Structure
Diameter
Low temperature
ISSN:0008-6223
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:A low temperature chemical vapor deposition method is described for converting CH₄ into high-quality carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using a Ni catalyst supported on either spinel or perovskite oxides in the presence of CO₂. The addition of CO₂ has a significant influence on CNF purity and stability, while the CNF diameter distribution is significantly narrowed. Ultimately, the addition of CO₂ changes the CNF structure from fishbone fibers to thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes. A new “in situ” cooling principle taking into account dry reforming chemistry and thermodynamics is introduced to account for the structural effects of CO₂.
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ISSN:0008-6223
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.08.047