Numerical simulation of direct methanol fuel cells using computational fluid dynamics
Recently, there has been a research trend towards clean energy sources such as fuel cells, owing to their high efficiency and close-to-zero emissions. However, the efficiency level depends on the design, and physical experiments are time-consuming requiring expensive materials; therefore, a realisti...
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| Vydáno v: | International journal of hydrogen energy Ročník 108; s. 87 - 98 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Elsevier Ltd
12.03.2025
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| ISSN: | 0360-3199 |
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| Abstract | Recently, there has been a research trend towards clean energy sources such as fuel cells, owing to their high efficiency and close-to-zero emissions. However, the efficiency level depends on the design, and physical experiments are time-consuming requiring expensive materials; therefore, a realistic numerical simulation is crucial to test different designs and conditions. In this paper, the fluid dynamics and electrochemical reactions in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are mathematically modeled and numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques within the OpenFOAM software. The profiles of temperature, reactants, and products flow through the anodic and cathodic chambers of DMFC are derived from the equations of continuity, momentum, species transport, and electrochemical reactions are simulated to study two flow field geometries of a DMFC, parallel channels, and a serpentine channel. A methodology to obtain the crossover current density is presented, and its effect is evaluated on the DMFC behavior. The accuracy and confidence of the results are validated with a case reported in the literature.
•A 3D simulation of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.•A model incorporating crossover current density and different fuel cell components.•The model is implemented in the OpenFOAM software.•The simulations are consistent with physical measurements.•Modeling the influence of the flow field in the performance of the fuel cell. |
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| AbstractList | Recently, there has been a research trend towards clean energy sources such as fuel cells, owing to their high efficiency and close-to-zero emissions. However, the efficiency level depends on the design, and physical experiments are time-consuming requiring expensive materials; therefore, a realistic numerical simulation is crucial to test different designs and conditions. In this paper, the fluid dynamics and electrochemical reactions in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are mathematically modeled and numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques within the OpenFOAM software. The profiles of temperature, reactants, and products flow through the anodic and cathodic chambers of DMFC are derived from the equations of continuity, momentum, species transport, and electrochemical reactions are simulated to study two flow field geometries of a DMFC, parallel channels, and a serpentine channel. A methodology to obtain the crossover current density is presented, and its effect is evaluated on the DMFC behavior. The accuracy and confidence of the results are validated with a case reported in the literature.
•A 3D simulation of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.•A model incorporating crossover current density and different fuel cell components.•The model is implemented in the OpenFOAM software.•The simulations are consistent with physical measurements.•Modeling the influence of the flow field in the performance of the fuel cell. |
| Author | Blanco-Cocom, Luis Botello-Rionda, Salvador Ordoñez, L.C. Valdez, S. Ivvan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Luis orcidid: 0000-0003-3217-2109 surname: Blanco-Cocom fullname: Blanco-Cocom, Luis email: luis.blanco@cimat.mx organization: Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas, A.C., Jalisco S/N, Col. Valenciana CP: 36023, Guanajuato, Gto, México, Apartado Postal 402, CP 36000, México – sequence: 2 givenname: Salvador surname: Botello-Rionda fullname: Botello-Rionda, Salvador organization: Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas, A.C., Jalisco S/N, Col. Valenciana CP: 36023, Guanajuato, Gto, México, Apartado Postal 402, CP 36000, México – sequence: 3 givenname: L.C. orcidid: 0000-0003-1110-1934 surname: Ordoñez fullname: Ordoñez, L.C. organization: Unidad de Energía Renovable, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán. Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México, CP 97302, México – sequence: 4 givenname: S. Ivvan orcidid: 0000-0002-5996-992X surname: Valdez fullname: Valdez, S. Ivvan organization: CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de Información Geoespacial, CENTROGEO, A.C., C.P. 76703, Querétaro, México |
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| Cites_doi | 10.3390/en15030885 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.05.037 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.014 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00181-0 10.1016/j.finel.2021.103703 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.118 10.1002/fuce.200290005 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.114 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.07.002 10.1149/1.1559061 10.3390/computation6020038 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.04.202 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00182-2 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.033 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.105 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.01.187 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.08.013 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.02.001 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.06.049 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.09.004 10.1016/j.cpc.2015.10.007 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.11.089 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.007 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.04.147 10.3390/pr9040688 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.01.015 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.111 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.03.146 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114589 |
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| Keywords | OpenFOAM Crossover current density Numerical simulation Direct alcohol fuel cells Computational fluid dynamics method (CFD) Polarization curve |
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