Transient Frequency Estimation Methods for the Fast Frequency Response in Converter Control

In an interconnected power system, frequency control and stability are of vital importance and indicators of system-wide active power balance. The shutdown of conventional power plants leads to faster frequency changes and a steeper frequency gradient due to reduced system inertia. For this reason,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Electronics (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 1862
Main Authors: Pfendler, Anna, Steppan, Rafael, Hanson, Jutta
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.04.2023
Subjects:
Control stability
Control systems
Electric current converters
Electric power systems
Energy
Estimation theory
Frequency control
Frequency deviation
Frequency response
Frequency stability
Germany
Newton methods
Parameter sensitivity
Phase locked loops
Power converters
Power plants
Robustness
Sensitivity analysis
Systems stability
Time domain analysis
Transients (Dynamics)
Germany
ISSN:2079-9292, 2079-9292
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In an interconnected power system, frequency control and stability are of vital importance and indicators of system-wide active power balance. The shutdown of conventional power plants leads to faster frequency changes and a steeper frequency gradient due to reduced system inertia. For this reason, the importance of electrical frequency estimation methods is increasing, among others, as an input for the control of converter-based generation plants. The aim of this work is to implement, compare, and analyze the robustness of the Phase-Locked-Loop and Zero-Crossing, Gauss–Newton, and recursive Gauss–Newton methods in time-domain simulations in Matlab/Simulink. The parameters of these methods are tuned for different scenarios in a medium-voltage testbench. The sensitive parameters of the frequency estimation methods show a linear correlation to the magnitude of the active power imbalance so a simple implementation can be designed for simulations. With the linearized parameter calculation for the frequency estimation methods, the local frequency as an input for converter control is used for the fast frequency response of a full power converter, which counteracts frequency deviations in the power system. Finally, two different implementations of the fast frequency response are compared. The Zero-Crossing Method shows the best robustness and the Phase-Locked Loop achieves the absolute best result.
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ISSN:2079-9292
2079-9292
DOI:10.3390/electronics12081862