A visual programming approach for teaching cognitive modelling
This paper describes an investigation into the use of a visual programming language to teach computer-based modelling to undergraduate cognitive psychology students. Four sets of evaluation studies were carried out. The findings of these theoretical and empirical evaluations are related to the desig...
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| Published in: | Computers and education Vol. 39; no. 1; pp. 1 - 18 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.08.2002
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| ISSN: | 0360-1315, 1873-782X |
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| Abstract | This paper describes an investigation into the use of a visual programming language to teach computer-based modelling to undergraduate cognitive psychology students. Four sets of evaluation studies were carried out. The findings of these theoretical and empirical evaluations are related to the design principles that informed the language and the context in which it was examined. The educational benefits of gaining some practical experience of cognitive modelling where highlighted in these studies, as was the importance of introducing the visual language within a sound teaching framework. The comments of the students and tutors regarding the use of the Hank visual programming language to teach cognitive modelling indicate that Hank avoids some of the syntactic problems associated with textual programming languages, it can be used to illustrate the flow of control during a program's execution, and it is intuitive and easy to use |
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| AbstractList | This paper describes an investigation into the use of a visual programming language to teach computer-based modelling to undergraduate cognitive psychology students. Four sets of evaluation studies were carried out. The findings of these theoretical and empirical evaluations are related to the design principles that informed the language and the context in which it was examined. The educational benefits of gaining some practical experience of cognitive modelling where highlighted in these studies, as was the importance of introducing the visual language within a sound teaching framework. The comments of the students and tutors regarding the use of the Hank visual programming language to teach cognitive modelling indicate that Hank avoids some of the syntactic problems associated with textual programming languages, it can be used to illustrate the flow of control during a program's execution, and it is intuitive and easy to use |
| Author | Collins, Trevor D. Fung, Pat |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Trevor D. surname: Collins fullname: Collins, Trevor D. email: t.d.collins@open.ac.uk organization: Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Pat surname: Fung fullname: Fung, Pat organization: Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK |
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| References | Smith, Cypher, Spohrer (BIB6) 1994; 37 Traynor, Williams (BIB12) 1997 Schank (BIB22) 1972; 3 Collins, T. D., & Fung, P. (2000a). Hank- a visual programming language: Its use as an introduction to cognitive modelling. CITE Technical Report Number 259. Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, UK. June 2000. Mulholland (BIB13) 1998 Brown, Burton (BIB20) 1978; 2 Mulholland, P., & Watt, S. (1998). Hank: A friendly cognitive modelling language for psychology students. In Repenning, A., & Citrin, W. (1993). Agentsheets: applying grid-based spatial reasoning to human-computer interaction. In G. M., Olson, S. Sheppard, and E. Soloway, Eds. Collins, T. D., & Fung, P. (1999). Cognitive modelling for psychology students: the evaluation of a pragmatic approach to computer programming for non-programmers. In Shareware book available from ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/distribs/clewis/HCI-Design-Book/. Nova Scotia, Canada. Hendry, Green (BIB7) 1994; 40 Lieberman, H. (1992). Dominos and storyboards: beyond icons on strings. In Simon, H. A. (1986). Information processing theories of human problem solving. In W. K. Estes, (Ed.) Eysenck, Keane (BIB1) 1995 Nardi, Miller (BIB4) 1991; 34 . Collins, T. D., & Fung, P. (2000b). Novice cognitive modellers using a visual programming language. CALRG Technical Report Number 193. Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, UK. October 2000. Seattle, 1992. Vessey, Weber (BIB10) 1986; 29 Lewis, C., & Rieman, J. (1993). Young, O'Shea (BIB19) 1983; 5 Cunniff, N., & Taylor, R. P. (1987). Graphical vs. textual representation: an empirical study of novices' program comprehension. In Scanlan (BIB9) 1989; 6 pages 216–223. Osaka, Japan. November 1999. Collins, T. D., & Fung, P. (2000c). Visual programming for cognitive modelling: A teaching perspective. CALRG Technical Report Number 194. Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University, UK. October 2000. Collins, Quillian (BIB18) 1969; 9 Mulholland (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB13) 1998 Scanlan (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB9) 1989; 6 Collins (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB18) 1969; 9 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB21 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB11 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB16 Eysenck (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB1) 1995 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB17 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB14 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB15 Nardi (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB4) 1991; 34 Smith (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB6) 1994; 37 Schank (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB22) 1972; 3 Hendry (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB7) 1994; 40 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB3 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB2 Traynor (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB12) 1997 Brown (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB20) 1978; 2 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB8 10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB5 Vessey (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB10) 1986; 29 Young (10.1016/S0360-1315(01)00087-2_BIB19) 1983; 5 |
| References_xml | – reference: Simon, H. A. (1986). Information processing theories of human problem solving. In W. K. Estes, (Ed.) – reference: Cunniff, N., & Taylor, R. P. (1987). Graphical vs. textual representation: an empirical study of novices' program comprehension. In – volume: 5 start-page: 153 year: 1983 end-page: 177 ident: BIB19 article-title: Errors in Children's Subtraction publication-title: Cognitive Science – volume: 9 start-page: 432 year: 1969 end-page: 438 ident: BIB18 article-title: Retrieval time from semantic memory publication-title: Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour – volume: 3 start-page: 552 year: 1972 end-page: 631 ident: BIB22 article-title: Conceptual dependency: a theory of natural language understanding publication-title: Cognitive Psychology – reference: Lieberman, H. (1992). Dominos and storyboards: beyond icons on strings. 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