Prevalence and Course of Idiopathic Hypersomnia in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study

Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the disorder, there are currently no population-based estimates of the prevalence of IH nor data regarding the longitudinal course of IH in naturalisti...

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Vydané v:Neurology Ročník 102; číslo 2; s. e207994
Hlavní autori: Plante, David T, Hagen, Erika W, Barnet, Jodi H, Mignot, Emmanuel, Peppard, Paul E
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 23.01.2024
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Abstract Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the disorder, there are currently no population-based estimates of the prevalence of IH nor data regarding the longitudinal course of IH in naturalistic settings. Subjective and objective data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study were used to identify cases with probable IH from participants with polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data. Demographic, polysomnographic, and symptom-level data were compared between those with and without IH. Longitudinal trajectories of daytime sleepiness among those with IH were assessed to evaluate symptom persistence or remission over time. From 792 cohort study participants with available polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data, 12 cases with probable IH were identified resulting in an estimated prevalence of IH of 1.5% (95% CI 0.7-2.5, < 0.0001). Consistent with inclusion/exclusion criteria, cases with IH had more severe sleepiness and sleep propensity, despite similar or longer sleep times. Longitudinal data (spanning 12.1 ± 4.3 years) demonstrated a chronic course of sleepiness for most of the cases with IH, though pathologic somnolence remitted in roughly 40% of cases. These results demonstrate IH is more common in the working population than generally assumed with a prevalence on par with other common neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Further efforts to identify and diagnose those impaired by unexplained daytime somnolence may help clarify the causes of IH and the mechanisms underlying symptomatic remission.
AbstractList Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the disorder, there are currently no population-based estimates of the prevalence of IH nor data regarding the longitudinal course of IH in naturalistic settings. Subjective and objective data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study were used to identify cases with probable IH from participants with polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data. Demographic, polysomnographic, and symptom-level data were compared between those with and without IH. Longitudinal trajectories of daytime sleepiness among those with IH were assessed to evaluate symptom persistence or remission over time. From 792 cohort study participants with available polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data, 12 cases with probable IH were identified resulting in an estimated prevalence of IH of 1.5% (95% CI 0.7-2.5, < 0.0001). Consistent with inclusion/exclusion criteria, cases with IH had more severe sleepiness and sleep propensity, despite similar or longer sleep times. Longitudinal data (spanning 12.1 ± 4.3 years) demonstrated a chronic course of sleepiness for most of the cases with IH, though pathologic somnolence remitted in roughly 40% of cases. These results demonstrate IH is more common in the working population than generally assumed with a prevalence on par with other common neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Further efforts to identify and diagnose those impaired by unexplained daytime somnolence may help clarify the causes of IH and the mechanisms underlying symptomatic remission.
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the disorder, there are currently no population-based estimates of the prevalence of IH nor data regarding the longitudinal course of IH in naturalistic settings.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESIdiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the disorder, there are currently no population-based estimates of the prevalence of IH nor data regarding the longitudinal course of IH in naturalistic settings.Subjective and objective data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study were used to identify cases with probable IH from participants with polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data. Demographic, polysomnographic, and symptom-level data were compared between those with and without IH. Longitudinal trajectories of daytime sleepiness among those with IH were assessed to evaluate symptom persistence or remission over time.METHODSSubjective and objective data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study were used to identify cases with probable IH from participants with polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data. Demographic, polysomnographic, and symptom-level data were compared between those with and without IH. Longitudinal trajectories of daytime sleepiness among those with IH were assessed to evaluate symptom persistence or remission over time.From 792 cohort study participants with available polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data, 12 cases with probable IH were identified resulting in an estimated prevalence of IH of 1.5% (95% CI 0.7-2.5, p < 0.0001). Consistent with inclusion/exclusion criteria, cases with IH had more severe sleepiness and sleep propensity, despite similar or longer sleep times. Longitudinal data (spanning 12.1 ± 4.3 years) demonstrated a chronic course of sleepiness for most of the cases with IH, though pathologic somnolence remitted in roughly 40% of cases.RESULTSFrom 792 cohort study participants with available polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data, 12 cases with probable IH were identified resulting in an estimated prevalence of IH of 1.5% (95% CI 0.7-2.5, p < 0.0001). Consistent with inclusion/exclusion criteria, cases with IH had more severe sleepiness and sleep propensity, despite similar or longer sleep times. Longitudinal data (spanning 12.1 ± 4.3 years) demonstrated a chronic course of sleepiness for most of the cases with IH, though pathologic somnolence remitted in roughly 40% of cases.These results demonstrate IH is more common in the working population than generally assumed with a prevalence on par with other common neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Further efforts to identify and diagnose those impaired by unexplained daytime somnolence may help clarify the causes of IH and the mechanisms underlying symptomatic remission.DISCUSSIONThese results demonstrate IH is more common in the working population than generally assumed with a prevalence on par with other common neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Further efforts to identify and diagnose those impaired by unexplained daytime somnolence may help clarify the causes of IH and the mechanisms underlying symptomatic remission.
Author Mignot, Emmanuel
Barnet, Jodi H
Plante, David T
Hagen, Erika W
Peppard, Paul E
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  organization: From the Department of Psychiatry (D.T.P.), and Department of Population Health Sciences (E.W.H., J.H.B., P.E.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences (E.M.), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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  organization: From the Department of Psychiatry (D.T.P.), and Department of Population Health Sciences (E.W.H., J.H.B., P.E.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences (E.M.), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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  organization: From the Department of Psychiatry (D.T.P.), and Department of Population Health Sciences (E.W.H., J.H.B., P.E.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences (E.M.), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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  organization: From the Department of Psychiatry (D.T.P.), and Department of Population Health Sciences (E.W.H., J.H.B., P.E.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences (E.M.), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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  givenname: Paul E
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  surname: Peppard
  fullname: Peppard, Paul E
  organization: From the Department of Psychiatry (D.T.P.), and Department of Population Health Sciences (E.W.H., J.H.B., P.E.P.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences (E.M.), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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Snippet Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a CNS disorder of hypersomnolence of unknown etiology. Due to the requirement for objective sleep testing to diagnose the...
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SubjectTerms Cohort Studies
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence - epidemiology
Humans
Idiopathic Hypersomnia - epidemiology
Polysomnography
Prevalence
Sleep
Sleepiness
Wisconsin - epidemiology
Title Prevalence and Course of Idiopathic Hypersomnia in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study
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