Spontaneous Surface Generation and Interior Amplification of Internal Waves in a Regional-Scale Ocean Model
Recent theories, models, and observations have suggested the presence of significant spontaneous internal wave generation at density fronts near the ocean surface. Spontaneous generation is the emission of waves by unbalanced, large Rossby number flows in the absence of direct forcing. Here, spontan...
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| Vydáno v: | Journal of physical oceanography Ročník 47; číslo 4; s. 811 - 826 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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01.04.2017
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| ISSN: | 0022-3670, 1520-0485 |
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| Abstract | Recent theories, models, and observations have suggested the presence of significant spontaneous internal wave generation at density fronts near the ocean surface. Spontaneous generation is the emission of waves by unbalanced, large Rossby number flows in the absence of direct forcing. Here, spontaneous generation is investigated in a zonally reentrant channel model using parameter values typical of the Southern Ocean. The model is carefully equilibrated to obtain a steady-state wave field for which a closed energy budget is formulated. There are two main results: First, waves are spontaneously generated at sharp fronts in the top 50 m of the model. The magnitude of the energy flux to the wave field at these fronts is comparable to that from other mechanisms of wave generation. Second, the surface-generated wave field is amplified in the model interior through interaction with horizontal density gradients within the main zonal current. The magnitude of the mean-to-wave conversion in the model interior is comparable to recent observational estimates and is the dominant source of wave energy in the model, exceeding the initial spontaneous generation. This second result suggests that internal amplification of the wave field may contribute to the ocean’s internal wave energy budget at a rate commensurate with known generation mechanisms. |
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| AbstractList | Recent theories, models, and observations have suggested the presence of significant spontaneous internal wave generation at density fronts near the ocean surface. Spontaneous generation is the emission of waves by unbalanced, large Rossby number flows in the absence of direct forcing. Here, spontaneous generation is investigated in a zonally reentrant channel model using parameter values typical of the Southern Ocean. The model is carefully equilibrated to obtain a steady-state wave field for which a closed energy budget is formulated. There are two main results: First, waves are spontaneously generated at sharp fronts in the top 50 m of the model. The magnitude of the energy flux to the wave field at these fronts is comparable to that from other mechanisms of wave generation. Second, the surface-generated wave field is amplified in the model interior through interaction with horizontal density gradients within the main zonal current. The magnitude of the mean-to-wave conversion in the model interior is comparable to recent observational estimates and is the dominant source of wave energy in the model, exceeding the initial spontaneous generation. This second result suggests that internal amplification of the wave field may contribute to the ocean’s internal wave energy budget at a rate commensurate with known generation mechanisms. |
| Author | Shakespeare, Callum J. Hogg, Andrew McC |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Callum J. surname: Shakespeare fullname: Shakespeare, Callum J. organization: Research School of Earth Sciences, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Climate System Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Andrew McC surname: Hogg fullname: Hogg, Andrew McC organization: Research School of Earth Sciences, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Climate System Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia |
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