Analyzing the structure of Java software systems by weighted K-core decomposition

Statistical properties of un-weighted software networks have been extensively studied. However, software networks in their nature should be weighted. Understanding the properties enclosed in the weighted software networks can lead to better software engineering practices. In this paper, we construct...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Future generation computer systems Ročník 83; s. 431 - 444
Hlavní autoři: Pan, Weifeng, Li, Bing, Liu, Jing, Ma, Yutao, Hu, Bo
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier B.V 01.06.2018
Témata:
ISSN:0167-739X, 1872-7115
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract Statistical properties of un-weighted software networks have been extensively studied. However, software networks in their nature should be weighted. Understanding the properties enclosed in the weighted software networks can lead to better software engineering practices. In this paper, we construct a set of weighted software networks from real-world Java software systems and empirically investigate their topological properties by using weighted k-core decomposition. First, we investigate the static topological properties of the weighted k-core structure, and find that small value of the graph coreness is a property shared by many software systems, the distribution of weighted coreness follows a power law with an exponential cutoff, and weighted coreness and node degree are closely correlated with their spearman correlation coefficients larger than 0.94. Second, we analyze the evolving topological properties of the weighted k-core structure, including the graph coreness, size of the main core, and new members and vanishing members of the main core. Empirical results show that the graph coreness will keep relatively stable unless the system undergoes major changes, size of the main core keeps stable in its evolution, and new members or vanishing members of a main core are from or go to the shells very near the corresponding main cores. Finally, we apply the weighted k-core decomposition method to identify the key classes, and find that, compared with other nine approaches, our approach performs best in the whole set of subject systems according to the average ranking of the Friedman test. It can identify a majority of classes deemed important. This work could help developers to improve software understanding, propose new metrics for software measurement and evaluate the quality of the system in development. •We propose an approach to empirically investigate the static and evolving topological properties enclosed in the weighted software networks by using weighted k-core decomposition.•We propose a weighted software network to represent the topological structure of a software system at the class level, which uses the coupling frequencies to assign weights to the edges.•Our approach is illustrated using a set of 16 open source software systems and several interesting observations are obtained.
AbstractList Statistical properties of un-weighted software networks have been extensively studied. However, software networks in their nature should be weighted. Understanding the properties enclosed in the weighted software networks can lead to better software engineering practices. In this paper, we construct a set of weighted software networks from real-world Java software systems and empirically investigate their topological properties by using weighted k-core decomposition. First, we investigate the static topological properties of the weighted k-core structure, and find that small value of the graph coreness is a property shared by many software systems, the distribution of weighted coreness follows a power law with an exponential cutoff, and weighted coreness and node degree are closely correlated with their spearman correlation coefficients larger than 0.94. Second, we analyze the evolving topological properties of the weighted k-core structure, including the graph coreness, size of the main core, and new members and vanishing members of the main core. Empirical results show that the graph coreness will keep relatively stable unless the system undergoes major changes, size of the main core keeps stable in its evolution, and new members or vanishing members of a main core are from or go to the shells very near the corresponding main cores. Finally, we apply the weighted k-core decomposition method to identify the key classes, and find that, compared with other nine approaches, our approach performs best in the whole set of subject systems according to the average ranking of the Friedman test. It can identify a majority of classes deemed important. This work could help developers to improve software understanding, propose new metrics for software measurement and evaluate the quality of the system in development. •We propose an approach to empirically investigate the static and evolving topological properties enclosed in the weighted software networks by using weighted k-core decomposition.•We propose a weighted software network to represent the topological structure of a software system at the class level, which uses the coupling frequencies to assign weights to the edges.•Our approach is illustrated using a set of 16 open source software systems and several interesting observations are obtained.
Author Pan, Weifeng
Liu, Jing
Hu, Bo
Li, Bing
Ma, Yutao
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Weifeng
  surname: Pan
  fullname: Pan, Weifeng
  email: wfpan@mail.zjgsu.edu.cn
  organization: School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Bing
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Bing
  email: bingli@whu.edu.cn
  organization: International School of Software, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jing
  surname: Liu
  fullname: Liu, Jing
  email: j_liu@whu.edu.cn
  organization: State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yutao
  surname: Ma
  fullname: Ma, Yutao
  email: ytma@whu.edu.cn
  organization: State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Bo
  surname: Hu
  fullname: Hu, Bo
  email: bob_hu@kingdee.com
  organization: Kingdee Research, Kingdee International Software Group Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
BookMark eNqFkM9KAzEQxoNUsFbfwENeYNdks900HoRS_F8QQcFbyGYnbUq7KUnasj69WerJg15mYOb7fcx852jQuhYQuqIkp4RW16vc7OLOQ14QynMicsLECRrSCS8yTul4gIZJxjPOxOcZOg9hRUhSMjpEb9NWrbsv2y5wXAIO0e90b4Wdwc9qr3BwJh5UGoQuRNgEXHf4AHaxjNDgl0y7tGpAu83WBRutay_QqVHrAJc_fYQ-7u_eZ4_Z_PXhaTadZ5qRKmac64qNa2UU06YUTVVXEyDK8EqlWhBTFFXdlBNaVqI0RjBKikIJzhhwaghjI3Rz9NXeheDBSG2j6i-IXtm1pET24ciVPIYj-3AkETKFk-DyF7z1dqN89x92e8QgPba34GXQFloNjfWgo2yc_dvgG25shMA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1145_3688844
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2020_106158
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_4960439
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_017_1694_6
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jag_2023_103349
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSE_2020_3042553
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJWSR_2019010102
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_7279420
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_physrep_2019_10_004
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_5102897
crossref_primary_10_3390_axioms11050205
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3105475
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_3748383
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSE_2019_2892959
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cja_2018_04_011
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_9234042
crossref_primary_10_3390_e24050652
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_5106001
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_3428604
crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_6734248
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3058450
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2018_03_001
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_5346498
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_5712461
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_4984375
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_6038619
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2022_04_009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_017_1353_y
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSE_2022_3140599
crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_1495676
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3068570
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ins_2020_07_037
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_5670215
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3054852
Cites_doi 10.1088/1367-2630/14/8/083030
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2706943
10.1145/1134285.1134502
10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046116
10.1007/s00354-014-0405-6
10.1145/1060710.1060716
10.1007/s11390-010-9399-9
10.3934/nhm.2008.3.371
10.1145/359619.359631
10.1142/S0218127408020537
10.1016/j.physa.2016.11.002
10.1147/sj.282.0294
10.1007/s11390-010-9398-x
10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2639563
10.1016/j.jnca.2015.11.017
10.1109/32.748920
10.1016/j.ins.2009.12.010
10.1109/TSE.2007.1019
10.1007/s11424-011-0319-z
10.1007/s11390-011-0176-1
10.3390/e18050178
10.1504/IJCAT.2013.056914
10.1016/j.jnca.2016.10.002
10.1016/j.physa.2013.01.035
10.1109/IIH-MSP.2008.294
10.1109/TSMCB.2008.2008102
10.1109/CSMR.2005.12
10.1142/S0219525915500046
10.1016/j.ins.2013.05.014
10.1016/0164-1212(93)90077-B
10.1016/j.jnca.2016.11.018
10.1002/smr.370
10.1016/0164-1212(94)90099-X
10.1109/32.295895
10.1080/00018730601170527
10.1007/s11634-010-0079-y
10.1007/s11227-009-0299-0
10.1142/S0218194014500235
10.1109/TIFS.2016.2569063
10.1016/j.ins.2007.01.021
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2017 Elsevier B.V.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039
DatabaseName CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Computer Science
EISSN 1872-7115
EndPage 444
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_future_2017_09_039
S0167739X17320940
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1~.
1~5
29H
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
7-5
71M
8P~
9JN
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
AAYFN
ABBOA
ABFNM
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADJOM
ADMUD
AEBSH
AEKER
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
AOUOD
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
CS3
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
G8K
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
KOM
LG9
M41
MO0
MS~
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
PC.
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SBC
SDF
SDG
SES
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SSV
SSZ
T5K
UHS
WUQ
XPP
ZMT
~G-
9DU
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABDPE
ABWVN
ACLOT
ACRPL
ADNMO
AEIPS
AFJKZ
AGQPQ
AIIUN
ANKPU
APXCP
CITATION
EFKBS
~HD
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c306t-77c635bafa3cf49d6b68e0af76a0af20f226bd4814694ff931022a9733e71f033
ISICitedReferencesCount 36
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000428833500039&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0167-739X
IngestDate Tue Nov 18 22:10:56 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:59:44 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:30:14 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Software networks
Program comprehension
Static analysis
Weighted k-core decomposition
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c306t-77c635bafa3cf49d6b68e0af76a0af20f226bd4814694ff931022a9733e71f033
PageCount 14
ParticipantIDs crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_future_2017_09_039
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_future_2017_09_039
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_future_2017_09_039
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate June 2018
2018-06-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2018-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2018
  text: June 2018
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationTitle Future generation computer systems
PublicationYear 2018
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Li, Chen, Ge, Hao, Zhao (b15) 2014; 24
Meyer, Siy, Bhowmick (b32) 2014; 17
Pan, Li, Ma, Qin, Zhou (b16) 2010; 25
Myers (b5) 2003; 68
Li, Zhao, Cai, Xu, Ai (b41) 2013; 392
Turnu, Concas, Marchesi, Tonelli (b6) 2013; 245
Yang, Wang, Bhuiyan, Choo (b2) 2017; 86
Prokhorenko, Choo, Ashman (b19) 2016; 11
Li, Henry (b49) 1993; 23
Batagelj, Zaversnik (b11) 2011; 5
Sedgewick (b31) 1978; 21
Briand, Daly, Wüst (b22) 1999; 25
Li, Ma, Liu, Ding (b40) 2008; 38
Prokhorenko, Choo, Ashman (b18) 2016; 286
A. Zaidman, T. Calders, S. Demeyer, J. Paredaens, Applying webmining techniques to execution traces to support the program comprehension process, in: Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, CSMR’05, Manchester, UK, 2005, pp. 134–142.
Quick, Choo (b1) 2017; 86
Ma, He, Li, Liu, Zhou (b10) 2010; 25
Abreu, Carapuca (b47) 1994; 26
Ricardo, Berthier (b37) 1999
Zaidman, Demeyer (b27) 2008; 20
Corbi (b29) 1990; 28
AI-Garadi, Varathan, Ravana (b3) 2017; 468
Wang, Lu, Zhou, Xu (b35) 2011; 5
Li, Hao, Chen, Ge, Zhao (b42) 2014; 32
core analysis, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP’08, Harbin, China, 2008, pp. 954–957.
Pan, Li, Ma, Liu (b46) 2012; 40
Steidl, Hummel, Juergens (b33) 2012
Zhang, Zhao, Cai, Liu, Zhou (b12) 2010; 53
Alvarez-Hamelin, Dall’Asta, Barrat, Vespignani (b23) 2008; 3
Jenkins, Kirk (b50) 2007; 177
F. Perin, L. Renggli, J. Ressia, Ranking software artifacts. in: Proceedings of 4th Workshop on FAMIX and Moose in Software Reengineering, FAMOOSr’10, 2010, pp. 1–4.
Khan, Wahab, Herawan, Mujtaba, Danjuma, AI-Garadi (b4) 2016; 4
H.C. Gall, M. Lanza, Software evolution: Analysis and visualization, in: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE’06, Shanghai, China, 2006, pp. 1055–1056.
Hu, Kong, Ren, Choo (b21) 2017; 5
Li, Hao, Chen, Ge, Zhao (b43) 2016; 18
Chidamber, Kemerer (b48) 1994; 20
Concas, Marchesi, Pinna, Serra (b8) 2007; 33
H.H. Zhang, H. Zhao, W. Cai, M. Zhao, G.L. Luo, Visualization and cognition of large-scale software structure using the
Costa, Rodrigues, Travieso, Boas (b24) 2007; 56
Jiang, Ju, Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu (b36) 2015; 43
Wen, Dromey, Kirk (b44) 2009; 39
Pan, Li, Ma, Liu (b9) 2011; 24
Prokhorenko, Choo, Ashman (b20) 2016; 60
Spinellis (b30) 2003
Liu, Lü, He, Li, TSE (b51) 2008; 18
Pan, Li (b45) 2012; 43
Potanin, Noble, Frean, Biddle (b7) 2005; 48
Pan, Jiang, Xu (b25) 2013; 48
García, Fernández, Luengo, Herrera (b39) 2010; 18
Zhang, Zhou, Zhang (b38) 2011; 26
Li, Zhao, Xu, Li, Li, Wang (b13) 2010; 38
Garas, Schweitzer, Havlin (b17) 2012; 14
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b15) 2014; 24
Ma (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b10) 2010; 25
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b49) 1993; 23
Pan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b46) 2012; 40
Zhang (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b12) 2010; 53
García (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b39) 2010; 18
Wen (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b44) 2009; 39
Khan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b4) 2016; 4
Liu (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b51) 2008; 18
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b42) 2014; 32
Concas (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b8) 2007; 33
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b43) 2016; 18
Quick (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b1) 2017; 86
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b13) 2010; 38
Spinellis (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b30) 2003
Alvarez-Hamelin (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b23) 2008; 3
Briand (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b22) 1999; 25
10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b14
Meyer (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b32) 2014; 17
Abreu (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b47) 1994; 26
Costa (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b24) 2007; 56
Prokhorenko (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b18) 2016; 286
Yang (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b2) 2017; 86
Pan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b9) 2011; 24
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b40) 2008; 38
Myers (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b5) 2003; 68
Pan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b16) 2010; 25
Chidamber (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b48) 1994; 20
10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b26
Prokhorenko (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b19) 2016; 11
Zhang (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b38) 2011; 26
Turnu (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b6) 2013; 245
10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b28
Potanin (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b7) 2005; 48
Zaidman (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b27) 2008; 20
Batagelj (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b11) 2011; 5
Sedgewick (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b31) 1978; 21
Corbi (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b29) 1990; 28
Wang (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b35) 2011; 5
Pan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b45) 2012; 43
Jiang (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b36) 2015; 43
10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b34
Ricardo (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b37) 1999
Li (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b41) 2013; 392
Garas (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b17) 2012; 14
AI-Garadi (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b3) 2017; 468
Hu (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b21) 2017; 5
Steidl (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b33) 2012
Jenkins (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b50) 2007; 177
Pan (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b25) 2013; 48
Prokhorenko (10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b20) 2016; 60
References_xml – volume: 43
  start-page: 4339
  year: 2012
  end-page: 4347
  ident: b45
  article-title: Software quality measurement based on error propagation analysis in software networks
  publication-title: J. Central South Univ. (Science and Technology)
– volume: 18
  start-page: 605
  year: 2008
  end-page: 613
  ident: b51
  article-title: Characterizing the structural quality of general complex software networks
  publication-title: Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos
– volume: 33
  start-page: 687
  year: 2007
  end-page: 708
  ident: b8
  article-title: Power-laws in a large object-oriented software system
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1550004
  year: 2014
  ident: b32
  article-title: Identifying important classes of large software systems through
  publication-title: Adv. Complex Syst.
– volume: 25
  start-page: 91
  year: 1999
  end-page: 121
  ident: b22
  article-title: A unified framework for coupling measurement in object-oriented systems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 805
  year: 2008
  end-page: 814
  ident: b40
  article-title: Advances in the studies on complex networks of software systems
  publication-title: Adv. Mech.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 2456
  year: 2012
  end-page: 2465
  ident: b46
  article-title: Test case prioritization based on complex software networks
  publication-title: Chin. J. Electron.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 891
  year: 2011
  end-page: 903
  ident: b35
  article-title: Identifying key classes using
  publication-title: J. Frontiers Comput. Sci. Technol.
– volume: 48
  start-page: 185
  year: 2013
  end-page: 194
  ident: b25
  article-title: Refactoring packages of object-oriented software using genetic algorithm based community detection technique
  publication-title: Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 387
  year: 2008
  end-page: 417
  ident: b27
  article-title: Automatic identification of key classes in a software system using webmining techniques
  publication-title: J. Softw. Maint. and Evolution: Research and Practice
– reference: A. Zaidman, T. Calders, S. Demeyer, J. Paredaens, Applying webmining techniques to execution traces to support the program comprehension process, in: Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, CSMR’05, Manchester, UK, 2005, pp. 134–142.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 083030
  year: 2012
  ident: b17
  article-title: A
  publication-title: New J. Phys.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 111
  year: 1993
  end-page: 122
  ident: b49
  article-title: Object-oriented metrics that predict maintainability
  publication-title: J. Syst. Softw.
– year: 2003
  ident: b30
  publication-title: Code Reading: The Open Source Perspective
– volume: 86
  start-page: 24
  year: 2017
  end-page: 33
  ident: b1
  article-title: Pervasive social networking forensics: Intelligence and evidence from mobile device extracts
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 8752
  year: 2017
  end-page: 8762
  ident: b21
  article-title: A branch history directed heuristic search for effective binary level dynamic symbolic execution
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1184
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1201
  ident: b10
  article-title: A hybrid set of complexity metrics for large-scale object-oriented software systems
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
– volume: 60
  start-page: 95
  year: 2016
  end-page: 112
  ident: b20
  article-title: Web application protection techniques: A taxonomy
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
– volume: 48
  start-page: 99
  year: 2005
  end-page: 103
  ident: b7
  article-title: Scale-free geometry in OO programs
  publication-title: Commun. ACM
– volume: 32
  start-page: 271
  year: 2014
  end-page: 296
  ident: b42
  article-title: Symmetric preferential attachment for new vertices attaching to software networks
  publication-title: New Gener. Comput.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1068
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1082
  ident: b9
  article-title: Multi-granularity evolution analysis of software using complex network theory
  publication-title: J. Syst. Sci. Complex.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 129
  year: 2011
  end-page: 145
  ident: b11
  article-title: Generalized cores
  publication-title: Adv. Data Anal. Classif.
– reference: -core analysis, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP’08, Harbin, China, 2008, pp. 954–957.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 167
  year: 2007
  end-page: 242
  ident: b24
  article-title: Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements
  publication-title: Adv. Phys.
– volume: 28
  start-page: 294
  year: 1990
  end-page: 306
  ident: b29
  article-title: Program understanding: Challenge for the 90s
  publication-title: IBM Syst. J.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 87
  year: 1994
  end-page: 96
  ident: b47
  article-title: Candidate metrics for object-oriented software within a taxonomy framework
  publication-title: J. Syst. Softw.
– volume: 392
  start-page: 2025
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2037
  ident: b41
  article-title: A modular attachment mechanism for software network evolution
  publication-title: Physica A
– volume: 38
  start-page: 2635
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2643
  ident: b13
  article-title: Research on hierarchy of large-scale software macro-topology base on
  publication-title: Chin. J. Electron.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1847
  year: 2016
  end-page: 1861
  ident: b19
  article-title: Intent-based extensible real-time PHP supervision framework
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur.
– reference: H.H. Zhang, H. Zhao, W. Cai, M. Zhao, G.L. Luo, Visualization and cognition of large-scale software structure using the
– volume: 4
  start-page: 9614
  year: 2016
  end-page: 9624
  ident: b4
  article-title: Virtual community detection through the association between prime nodes in online social networks and its application to ranking algorithms
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– year: 1999
  ident: b37
  publication-title: Modern Information Retrieval
– volume: 26
  start-page: 767
  year: 2011
  end-page: 777
  ident: b38
  article-title: Tag-aware recommender systems: A state-of-the-art survey
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
– start-page: 93
  year: 2012
  end-page: 102
  ident: b33
  article-title: Using network analysis for recommendation of central software classes
  publication-title: Proceedings of the 19th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE’12)
– volume: 43
  start-page: 2062
  year: 2015
  end-page: 2068
  ident: b36
  article-title: Measuring the importance of classes using uio sequence
  publication-title: Acta Electronica Sin.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 476
  year: 1994
  end-page: 493
  ident: b48
  article-title: A metrics suite for object-oriented design
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
– volume: 177
  start-page: 2587
  year: 2007
  end-page: 2601
  ident: b50
  article-title: Software architecture graphs as complex networks: A novel parttion scheme to measure stability and evolution
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
– volume: 468
  start-page: 278
  year: 2017
  end-page: 288
  ident: b3
  article-title: Identification of influential spreaders in online social networks using interaction weighted k-core decomposition method
  publication-title: Physica A
– volume: 286
  start-page: 59
  year: 2016
  end-page: 78
  ident: b18
  article-title: Context-oriented web application protection model
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Comput.
– volume: 39
  start-page: 648
  year: 2009
  end-page: 657
  ident: b44
  article-title: Software engineering and scale-free networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernetics B (Cybernetics)
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1202
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1213
  ident: b16
  article-title: Measuring structural quality of object-oriented softwares via bug propagation analysis on weighted software networks
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
– volume: 86
  start-page: 59
  year: 2017
  end-page: 71
  ident: b2
  article-title: Hypergraph partitioning for social networks based on information entropy modularity
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 371
  year: 2008
  end-page: 394
  ident: b23
  article-title: -core decomposition of Internet graphs: Hierarchies, self-similarity and measurement biases
  publication-title: Netw. Heterog. Media
– volume: 21
  start-page: 847
  year: 1978
  end-page: 857
  ident: b31
  article-title: Implementing quicksort programs
  publication-title: Commun. ACM
– volume: 18
  start-page: 178
  year: 2016
  ident: b43
  article-title: Multi-level formation of complex software systems
  publication-title: Entropy
– reference: H.C. Gall, M. Lanza, Software evolution: Analysis and visualization, in: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE’06, Shanghai, China, 2006, pp. 1055–1056.
– reference: F. Perin, L. Renggli, J. Ressia, Ranking software artifacts. in: Proceedings of 4th Workshop on FAMIX and Moose in Software Reengineering, FAMOOSr’10, 2010, pp. 1–4.
– volume: 68
  start-page: 046116
  year: 2003
  ident: b5
  article-title: Software systems as complex networks: Structure, function, and evolvability of software collaboration graphs
  publication-title: Phys. Rev. E
– volume: 53
  start-page: 352
  year: 2010
  end-page: 369
  ident: b12
  article-title: Using the
  publication-title: J. Supercomput.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 2044
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2064
  ident: b39
  article-title: Advanced nonparametric tests for multiple comparisons in the design of experiments in computational intelligence and data mining: Experimental analysis of power
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
– volume: 24
  start-page: 617
  year: 2014
  end-page: 634
  ident: b15
  article-title: Extraction and analysis of crucial fraction in software networks
  publication-title: Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng.
– volume: 245
  start-page: 290
  year: 2013
  end-page: 303
  ident: b6
  article-title: The fractal dimension of software networks as a global quality metric
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 083030
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b17
  article-title: A k-shell decomposition method for weighted networks
  publication-title: New J. Phys.
  doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/14/8/083030
– year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b37
– volume: 5
  start-page: 8752
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b21
  article-title: A branch history directed heuristic search for effective binary level dynamic symbolic execution
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2706943
– ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b26
  doi: 10.1145/1134285.1134502
– volume: 68
  start-page: 046116
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b5
  article-title: Software systems as complex networks: Structure, function, and evolvability of software collaboration graphs
  publication-title: Phys. Rev. E
  doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.046116
– ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b34
– volume: 38
  start-page: 805
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b40
  article-title: Advances in the studies on complex networks of software systems
  publication-title: Adv. Mech.
– volume: 32
  start-page: 271
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b42
  article-title: Symmetric preferential attachment for new vertices attaching to software networks
  publication-title: New Gener. Comput.
  doi: 10.1007/s00354-014-0405-6
– volume: 38
  start-page: 2635
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b13
  article-title: Research on hierarchy of large-scale software macro-topology base on k-core
  publication-title: Chin. J. Electron.
– volume: 48
  start-page: 99
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b7
  article-title: Scale-free geometry in OO programs
  publication-title: Commun. ACM
  doi: 10.1145/1060710.1060716
– volume: 43
  start-page: 2062
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b36
  article-title: Measuring the importance of classes using uio sequence
  publication-title: Acta Electronica Sin.
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1202
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b16
  article-title: Measuring structural quality of object-oriented softwares via bug propagation analysis on weighted software networks
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
  doi: 10.1007/s11390-010-9399-9
– volume: 3
  start-page: 371
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b23
  article-title: k-core decomposition of Internet graphs: Hierarchies, self-similarity and measurement biases
  publication-title: Netw. Heterog. Media
  doi: 10.3934/nhm.2008.3.371
– volume: 21
  start-page: 847
  year: 1978
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b31
  article-title: Implementing quicksort programs
  publication-title: Commun. ACM
  doi: 10.1145/359619.359631
– volume: 18
  start-page: 605
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b51
  article-title: Characterizing the structural quality of general complex software networks
  publication-title: Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos
  doi: 10.1142/S0218127408020537
– volume: 468
  start-page: 278
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b3
  article-title: Identification of influential spreaders in online social networks using interaction weighted k-core decomposition method
  publication-title: Physica A
  doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2016.11.002
– volume: 28
  start-page: 294
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b29
  article-title: Program understanding: Challenge for the 90s
  publication-title: IBM Syst. J.
  doi: 10.1147/sj.282.0294
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1184
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b10
  article-title: A hybrid set of complexity metrics for large-scale object-oriented software systems
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
  doi: 10.1007/s11390-010-9398-x
– volume: 4
  start-page: 9614
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b4
  article-title: Virtual community detection through the association between prime nodes in online social networks and its application to ranking algorithms
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2639563
– volume: 60
  start-page: 95
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b20
  article-title: Web application protection techniques: A taxonomy
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2015.11.017
– volume: 25
  start-page: 91
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b22
  article-title: A unified framework for coupling measurement in object-oriented systems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/32.748920
– volume: 18
  start-page: 2044
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b39
  article-title: Advanced nonparametric tests for multiple comparisons in the design of experiments in computational intelligence and data mining: Experimental analysis of power
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2009.12.010
– volume: 33
  start-page: 687
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b8
  article-title: Power-laws in a large object-oriented software system
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/TSE.2007.1019
– volume: 24
  start-page: 1068
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b9
  article-title: Multi-granularity evolution analysis of software using complex network theory
  publication-title: J. Syst. Sci. Complex.
  doi: 10.1007/s11424-011-0319-z
– volume: 26
  start-page: 767
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b38
  article-title: Tag-aware recommender systems: A state-of-the-art survey
  publication-title: J. Comput. Sci. Tech.
  doi: 10.1007/s11390-011-0176-1
– volume: 18
  start-page: 178
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b43
  article-title: Multi-level formation of complex software systems
  publication-title: Entropy
  doi: 10.3390/e18050178
– volume: 5
  start-page: 891
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b35
  article-title: Identifying key classes using h-index and its variants
  publication-title: J. Frontiers Comput. Sci. Technol.
– volume: 286
  start-page: 59
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b18
  article-title: Context-oriented web application protection model
  publication-title: Appl. Math. Comput.
– volume: 48
  start-page: 185
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b25
  article-title: Refactoring packages of object-oriented software using genetic algorithm based community detection technique
  publication-title: Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol.
  doi: 10.1504/IJCAT.2013.056914
– volume: 86
  start-page: 59
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b2
  article-title: Hypergraph partitioning for social networks based on information entropy modularity
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2016.10.002
– volume: 392
  start-page: 2025
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b41
  article-title: A modular attachment mechanism for software network evolution
  publication-title: Physica A
  doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2013.01.035
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b30
– volume: 40
  start-page: 2456
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b46
  article-title: Test case prioritization based on complex software networks
  publication-title: Chin. J. Electron.
– ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b14
  doi: 10.1109/IIH-MSP.2008.294
– volume: 39
  start-page: 648
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b44
  article-title: Software engineering and scale-free networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernetics B (Cybernetics)
  doi: 10.1109/TSMCB.2008.2008102
– ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b28
  doi: 10.1109/CSMR.2005.12
– start-page: 93
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b33
  article-title: Using network analysis for recommendation of central software classes
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1550004
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b32
  article-title: Identifying important classes of large software systems through k-core decomposition
  publication-title: Adv. Complex Syst.
  doi: 10.1142/S0219525915500046
– volume: 245
  start-page: 290
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b6
  article-title: The fractal dimension of software networks as a global quality metric
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2013.05.014
– volume: 23
  start-page: 111
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b49
  article-title: Object-oriented metrics that predict maintainability
  publication-title: J. Syst. Softw.
  doi: 10.1016/0164-1212(93)90077-B
– volume: 86
  start-page: 24
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b1
  article-title: Pervasive social networking forensics: Intelligence and evidence from mobile device extracts
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2016.11.018
– volume: 20
  start-page: 387
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b27
  article-title: Automatic identification of key classes in a software system using webmining techniques
  publication-title: J. Softw. Maint. and Evolution: Research and Practice
  doi: 10.1002/smr.370
– volume: 26
  start-page: 87
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b47
  article-title: Candidate metrics for object-oriented software within a taxonomy framework
  publication-title: J. Syst. Softw.
  doi: 10.1016/0164-1212(94)90099-X
– volume: 20
  start-page: 476
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b48
  article-title: A metrics suite for object-oriented design
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng.
  doi: 10.1109/32.295895
– volume: 56
  start-page: 167
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b24
  article-title: Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements
  publication-title: Adv. Phys.
  doi: 10.1080/00018730601170527
– volume: 5
  start-page: 129
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b11
  article-title: Generalized cores
  publication-title: Adv. Data Anal. Classif.
  doi: 10.1007/s11634-010-0079-y
– volume: 53
  start-page: 352
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b12
  article-title: Using the k-core decomposition to analyze the static structure of large-scale software systems
  publication-title: J. Supercomput.
  doi: 10.1007/s11227-009-0299-0
– volume: 43
  start-page: 4339
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b45
  article-title: Software quality measurement based on error propagation analysis in software networks
  publication-title: J. Central South Univ. (Science and Technology)
– volume: 24
  start-page: 617
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b15
  article-title: Extraction and analysis of crucial fraction in software networks
  publication-title: Int. J. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng.
  doi: 10.1142/S0218194014500235
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1847
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b19
  article-title: Intent-based extensible real-time PHP supervision framework
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur.
  doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2016.2569063
– volume: 177
  start-page: 2587
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039_b50
  article-title: Software architecture graphs as complex networks: A novel parttion scheme to measure stability and evolution
  publication-title: Inform. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2007.01.021
SSID ssj0001731
Score 2.3786352
Snippet Statistical properties of un-weighted software networks have been extensively studied. However, software networks in their nature should be weighted....
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 431
SubjectTerms Program comprehension
Software networks
Static analysis
Weighted [formula omitted]-core decomposition
Title Analyzing the structure of Java software systems by weighted K-core decomposition
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.09.039
Volume 83
WOSCitedRecordID wos000428833500039&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1872-7115
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0001731
  issn: 0167-739X
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LT9wwELa20EMvtPQhaGnlQ2-rVAk2sX0EBOKtqqLt9hTZji0tQlnELsuWX8_4lU2hgnLoxYqszSSb-TTzeTyeQegzsznXzIXedFlmtNBlxtWGyrjghVZMi9L3jPxxxE5O-GAgvvZ6s3QWZnrOmobPZuLiv6oa5kDZ7ujsE9TdCoUJuAalwwhqh_GfFO_LjNykU1ChPqzbJQBWeCCnsj8Gw3vt8r1CEeexI6DXPkAK3POwn7m6lv3auFzzmNDVJbC7vgaJa7xsInZ07AuR5M03pbxB-2mG1kT36BJ_fPbA1rA7c-Wh1Jk69oz219VEjrpRiYLPs6dSoBIMMCO-TW5raTnpmEoarX_wujRUgbxn0ENs4exLqLDiUvFYqEsr5g4sbdrf8WtttmFKZDurgpTKSalyUYGUZ2hxnW0IsIeLm_s7g4PWixcs9rKM_yMdu_S5gfff5u-0pkNVTl-hpbjGwJsBG8uoZ5rX6GXq34GjOX-DvrVQwQAV3EIFjyx2UMEJKjiqFqvfOEEFH2IPFfwHVN6i77s7p9t7WeyxkWlYLE5gcaWBcippJdGWirpUJTe5tKyUMK7nFui5qqkLFAtqrSAuQiAFI8SwwuaEvEMLzagxKwjXShVCMqYMgTUqNWDaCTVUstzWkmm1ikj6RJWOBehdH5Tz6iEFraKsvesiFGB55Pcsff0qkshADiuA1IN3vn_ikz6gF3Pkr6EFUJL5iJ7r6WQ4vvwU8XQL8pCYUQ
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analyzing+the+structure+of+Java+software+systems+by+weighted+K+-core+decomposition&rft.jtitle=Future+generation+computer+systems&rft.au=Pan%2C+Weifeng&rft.au=Li%2C+Bing&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jing&rft.au=Ma%2C+Yutao&rft.date=2018-06-01&rft.issn=0167-739X&rft.volume=83&rft.spage=431&rft.epage=444&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.future.2017.09.039&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_future_2017_09_039
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0167-739X&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0167-739X&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0167-739X&client=summon